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| 释义 | 〔Namur〕A city of south-central Belgium on the Meuse River southeast of Brussels. Strategically located, it has been the scene of numerous sieges and battles, notably in the 17th century and in World Wars I and II. Population, 101,860.纳慕尔：比利时中南部一城市，位于默兹河畔、布鲁塞尔东南。位处具有重要的战略意义，成为多次围攻和战斗的战场，尤其在17世纪和第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战中。人口101,860〔multiparous〕Having given birth two or more times.经产的：曾经历两次或多次分娩的〔Sicily〕An island of southern Italy in the Mediterranean Sea west of the southern end of the Italian peninsula. It was colonized from the 8th centuryb.c. by Greeks, who displaced the earlier Phoenician settlers. The next conquerors were Carthaginians, who in turn were conquered by Romans in the 3rd century b.c. After a succession of other rulers the island came under the control of the Normans in the 11th century a.d. and formed the nucleus of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, consisting of Sicily and southern Italy. The island continued to change hands until a later kingdom was conquered by Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1860 and became part of unified Italy. 西西里：意大利南部一岛屿，位于意大利半岛南端以西的地中海。从公元前 8世纪起成为希腊殖民地，希腊人赶走了早期定居在此的腓尼基人。迦太基人成为下一个征服者，他们在 公元前 3世纪又被罗马人所征服。在经过其他人相继统治之后， 公元 11世纪该岛被置于诺曼人管辖之下，并形成了两西西里王国的核心部分，由西西里和意大利南部组成。该岛继续多次易手，直到1860年朱森珀·加里波第征服了最后一个王国为止，它成为统一后的意大利的一部分 〔Clark〕American military leader and frontiersman who led numerous raids on British troops and Native Americans in the Northwest Territory during the Revolutionary War.克拉克，乔治·罗杰斯：(1752-1818) 美国军事领袖和拓荒者，独立战争期间在西北地区领导了多次对英国军队和美国土著人的袭击〔Afghanistan〕A landlocked country of southwest-central Asia. Mostly arid and mountainous, the country depends on agriculture; its mineral wealth is largely undeveloped. Since ancient times Afghanistan has been crisscrossed by invasion routes. Kabul is the capital and the largest city. Population, 13,051,358.阿富汗：位于亚洲中部偏西南的内陆国家。绝大多数地区干旱且多山，农业为其主要产业；大多数矿产资源未被开发。自古以来阿富汗多次为外敌入侵，喀布尔为其首都及最大的城市。人口13,051,358〔Dean〕American baseball player. A right-handed pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals (1930-1937), he is best remembered for his 1934 season, in which he won 30 regular-season games, led the league in strikeouts, and won two World Series games.迪安，杰·汉纳：(1911-1974) 美国棒球运动员。他是圣路易卡迪纳尔斯队的投球手（1930-1937年），用右手投球，他在1934年赛季中的表现最让人们难以忘怀，当时他赢得30场定期季赛的胜利，率领全队多次打出三振出局并两次获得世界棒球联赛冠军〔George〕A glacial lake of northeast New York in the foothills of the Adirondack Mountains south of Lake Champlain. Discovered in 1646, it was the site of numerous battles during the French and Indian War and the American Revolution. Today the lake is the center of a large recreational area.乔治湖：美国纽约州东北的冰川湖，位于尚普兰湖以南的阿迪朗达克山麓小丘上。1646年被发现，是法印战争和美国独立战争中多次战役的地点。今天该湖是一个大的休养娱乐地区的中心〔Peres〕Polish-born Israeli political leader who served as prime minister (1977, 1984-1986, and 1995-1996). He shared the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize for his negotiations with the Palestine Liberation Organization.佩雷斯，沙龙：波兰裔以色列籍政治领袖，曾任以色列总理（1977年、1984年-1986年、1995年-1996年）。因其与巴勒斯坦解放组织的多次谈判而与人共获1994年诺贝尔和平奖〔Howe〕British general in America. Although he defeated George Washington in a number of battles, he could not force a surrender and returned to England in 1778.豪，威廉：(1729-1814) 北美英军总司令。虽然他在多次战役中打败了乔治·华盛顿，但他无力使其投降，并于1778年返回英国〔Rodney〕British naval officer who won important victories over the European powers that supported the colonists during the American Revolution.罗德尼，乔治·布里奇斯：(1718-1792) 英国海军军官，多次与在美国独立革命中支持殖民地人民的欧洲列强进行海战并取得重大胜利〔multipara〕A woman who has given birth two or more times.经产妇：曾经生过两次或多次孩子的妇女〔Beebe〕American naturalist, explorer, and author whose numerous expeditions include a record oceanic descent in a bathysphere he helped design (1934).毕比，（查尔斯）威廉：(1877-1962) 美国博物学家、探险家和作家。在他的多次探险中，他曾用一个他帮助设计的球形潜水器完成了一次创纪录的海洋下潜（1934年）〔Kaesong〕A city of southern North Korea near the South Korean border. It is intersected by the 38th parallel and changed hands several times during the Korean War. Population, 240,000.开城：朝鲜南部一城市，毗邻韩国边境。38度纬线横穿该市，朝鲜战争期间多次易手。人口240,000〔Goldman〕Russian-born American anarchist. Jailed repeatedly for her advocacy of birth control and opposition to military conscription, she was deported to the Soviet Union in 1919. Her writings includeMy Disillusionment in Russia (1923) and Living My Life (1931). 戈德曼，爱玛：(1869-1940) 俄籍美国无政府主义者，由于鼓吹节育和反对征兵制而多次入狱，1919年她被遣送回苏联。著作有《我在俄国的幻灭》 （1923年）和 《我的一生》 （1931年） 〔superinfect〕To cause (a cell, for example) to be further infected with a microorganism; infect a second time or more.使重复感染：使（例如，一个细胞）再次受一种微生物的感染；再次或多次感染〔often〕Many times; frequently.经常地：多次地；频繁地〔entrechat〕A jump in ballet during which the dancer crosses the legs a number of times, alternately back and forth.空中交叉跳跃：一种芭蕾舞动作，舞者在空中多次前后交叉双腿〔parous〕Having given birth one or more times.经产的：曾经生育过一次或多次的〔Roussillon〕A historical region of southern France bordering on Spain and the Mediterranean Sea. Originally inhabited by Iberians, it became part of Roman Gaul after c. 121b.c. and later changed hands many times, eventually becoming a Spanish possession that was transferred to France by the Treaty of the Pyrenees (1659). 鲁西荣：法国南部与西班牙和地中海接界的一个历史地区，古伊比利亚人最初在此定居，公元前 121年该地区开始成为古罗马高卢的一部分，后来多次易手，最终成为西班牙人的领地，签订比利牛斯条约（1659年）后转交给法国 〔multigravida〕A woman who has had two or more previous pregnancies.经产孕妇：经历过妊娠两次或更多次的孕妇〔repeater〕One who has been convicted of wrongdoing more than once, especially for the same offense.惯犯：多次被宣判有罪的人，尤指犯同样的罪行〔repeatedly〕More than once; again and again.再三：一再；多次〔between〕According to a widely repeated but unjustified tradition,“between is used for two, and among for more than two.” It is true thatbetween is the only choice when exactly two entities are specified: the choice between (not among ) good and evil, the rivalry between (not among ) Great Britain and France. When more than two entities are involved, however, or when the number of entities is unspecified,the choice of one or the other word depends on the intended sense.Between is used when the entities are considered as distinct individuals; among, when they are considered as a mass or collectivity. Thus in the sentenceThe bomb landed between the houses, the houses are seen as points that define the boundaries of the area of impact (so that we presume that none of the individual houses was hit). InThe bomb landed among the houses, the area of impact is considered to be the general location of the houses, taken together (in which case it is left open whether any houses were hit). By the same token, we may speak ofa series of wars between the Greek cities, which suggests that each city was an independent belligerent, or ofa series of wars among the Greek cities, which allows as well the possibility that the belligerents were shifting alliances of cities. For this reason,among is most appropriate to indicate inclusion in a group: 根据重复多次但没什么根据的传统看法，“between 用于两者之间，而 among 用于二者以上。” 当只提到两个实体时，between 确实是唯一的选择： the choice between （而不用 among ） good and evil（善与恶之间的选择），the rivalry between （不用 among ） Great Britain and France（英法间的对抗）。 当牵涉到两个以上实体时，如果实体的数目不确定，选择其中之一则取决于倾向性。当实体被看作不同的个体时用between ； 当其被看作整体或集合时用among 。 因此在句子The bomb landed between the houses 中，房屋被看作一个限定了中弹地区的界限（ 所以我们假设一所所单独的房子未被击中）。在The bomb landed among the houses 中，被中弹地区被看作是房屋的整体地区（ 在这种情形下房屋是否被击中并未说明）。同样的表示法，我们可以说a series of wars between the Greek cities， 表示每个城市是独立的参战者，我们也可以说a series of wars among the Greek cities， 表示存在某些城市做为联合参战者的可能性。 因此，among 最适合表示包括在一群成一组人之内： 〔Lindbergh〕American aviator and writer. She accompanied her husband, Charles Lindbergh, on many of his flights and wroteNorth to the Orient (1935) and Listen! the Wind (1938). 林德伯格，安妮·斯潘塞·莫罗：(生于 1906) 美国飞行员和作家，她和她丈夫查尔斯·林德伯格共同飞行多次，作品有《向北去往东方》 （1935年）和 《听这风口》 （1938年） 〔Saxe〕French military leader who commanded a number of successful campaigns during the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748).萨克斯，赫尔曼·莫里斯·德：(1696-1750) 法国军事领袖，在奥地利王位继承战争(1740-1748年）中指挥了多次胜利的战役〔Ammonite〕A member of an ancient Semitic people living east of the Jordan River, mentioned frequently in the Old Testament.亚扪人：住在约旦河以东的古闪米特族成员，在《旧约》圣经中多次被提到〔repeater〕“[The] tourists are mainly repeaters from the United States and Canada who come for the peace and quiet" (James Kerr)“［这些］ 游客主要是从美国和加拿大多次来这儿寻求和平和安宁的人” (詹姆斯·克尔)〔knock〕To strike a sharp, audible blow or series of blows, as on a door.猛烈敲击：急速而又能被人听见的一次或多次敲击，如敲门〔Shula〕American football coach. In a 32-year career, mainly with the Miami Dolphins (1970-1995), he established the record for most wins as a coach (347) in National Football League history.苏拉，唐纳·弗朗西斯：美式足球教练。在其大部分在迈阿密海豚队（1970年—1995年）渡过的32年职业生涯中，他创造了全国足球联赛历史上教练赢球最多次的记录（347场）〔bout〕"His tremendous bouts of drinking had wrecked his health"(Thomas Wolfe)“他猛烈的多次饮酒损害了他的健康”(托马斯·沃尔夫)〔industry〕A clear indication of the way in which human effort has been harnessed as a force for the commercial production of goods and services is the change in meaning of the wordindustry. Coming from the Latin wordindustria, meaning "diligent activity directed to some purpose,”and its descendant, Old Frenchindustrie, with the senses "activity,” "ability,” and "a trade or occupation,”our word (first recorded in 1475) originally meant "skill,” "a device,” and "diligence" as well as "a trade.”As more and more human effort over the course of the Industrial Revolution became involved in producing goods and services for sale,the last sense ofindustry as well as the slightly newer sense "systematic work or habitual employment" grew in importance, to a large extent taking over the word.We can even speak now of the Shakespeare industry,rather like the garment industry.The sense "diligence, assiduity,” lives on, however,perhaps even to survive industry itself.industry 有一个明显的含义，即指将人力组织转化成进行货物商业性生产和进行商业性服务的方法，而在有此含义前，这个词经历了多次变化。 这个词来源于拉丁文industria ， 意思是“为某种目的而进行的勤奋的活动”；后来这个拉丁字发展成古法语单词industrie ， 其意思是“活动性”、“能力”和“一种行业和职业”。英文单词（最早的记载是1475年）原意是“技巧”、“方法”、“勤奋”，也有“一种行业”之意。随着产业革命的开展，越来越多的人力被用于进行货物生产和商业服务，industry 最新的含义及其较新的意思“有组织的劳动或习惯性的雇佣”变得重要起来， 并逐渐成为这个词最主要的意思。现在，我们甚至在提到莎士比亚研究时，就象提及成衣制造业。不过，“勤劳、勤奋”这层含义仍在使用，也许只要这个单词存在，这层含义就不会消失〔Umbria〕A region of central Italy in the Apennines. Occupied by the Umbrians in ancient times, it later fell to the Etruscans and then the Romans (c. 300b.c. ). After passing to various powers, Umbria came under the control of the papacy in the 16th century and joined the kingdom of Sardinia in 1860. 翁布里亚：亚平宁半岛意大利中部的一个寺区。在古代被翁布里亚人占领，后来被伊特鲁利亚人，然后是罗马人（约公元前 300年）占领。翁布里亚在经历很多次政权移转以后，在16世纪由教皇国控制，于1860年加入撒丁尼亚尼亚王国 〔mercy〕"His Majesty gave many marks of his great lenity, often . . . endeavoring to extenuate your crimes" (Jonathan Swift).“国王陛下多次表示了他的仁慈，常常…试图减轻你的罪行” （乔纳森·斯威夫特）。〔Bartlett〕American explorer who accompanied Robert E. Peary's expedition to the North Pole (1909) and led numerous other Arctic voyages.巴特利特，罗伯特·阿布拉姆：(1875-1946) 美国探险家，1909年曾同罗伯特·伊·皮瑞的探险队一起到过北极还进行了多次北冰洋的航行〔Campbell〕British naval and army officer active in the War of 1812 and numerous conflicts in India and China.坎贝尔，科林：(1792-1863) 英国海军和陆军军官，参与了1812年的战争和印度与中国的多次冲突〔Barents〕Dutch Arctic explorer who led several expeditions (1594-1597) in search of the Northeast Passage.巴伦支，威廉：(1550?-1597) 荷兰的北极探险者，为寻找东北航道曾率领过多次远征（1594-1597年）〔repeated〕We heard repeated knocks on the door.我们多次听到敲门声〔Stassen〕American politician who served as governor of Minnesota (1938-1943) and made numerous unsuccessful bids for the Republican presidential nomination.史塔生，哈罗德·爱德华：(生于 1907) 美国政治家，曾任明尼苏达州州长(1938-1943年），并多次争取共和党总统的提名失败〔Rosecrans〕American Union general. After successful campaigns in West Virginia and Mississippi, he was defeated at Chickamauga, Georgia (1863), and relieved of his duties.罗兹克兰斯，威廉·斯塔克：(1819-1898) 美国联邦军将军。曾在美国西弗吉尼亚州和密西西比州多次取得胜利，后因在乔治亚州的奇克莫加战役中失利(1863年）而被解职〔Farmer〕American cookery expert who edited theBoston Cooking School Cook Book (1896), which has undergone many revisions as the Fannie Farmer Cookbook. 法默，范妮·梅里特：(1857-1915) 美国烹饪专家，编有《波士顿烹饪学校烹饪教科书》 （1896年），多次修订后成为 《芬妮农家烹饪》 |
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