| 单词 | 天生的 |
| 释义 | 〔congenital〕"the congenital American optimism that denies conflicts and imagines all stories having happy endings"(Robert J. Samuelson)“天生的美国式的乐观主义拒绝冲突或认为所有事情都有好结局”(罗伯特J.塞缪尔森)〔innate〕an inbred love of music;天生的对音乐的热爱；〔innate〕an inborn sense of the appropriate. What isinbred has either existed from birth or been ingrained through earliest training or associations: 天生的对恰当的感觉。 另一个词inbred 既有与生俱来的意思同时又包含了从早期的训练或交往中积累而成的： 〔feel〕Intuitive awareness or natural ability:直觉：直觉的意识或天生的能力：〔nonstandard〕The termnonstandard was introduced by linguists and lexicographers to describe usages and language varieties that had previously been labeled with terms such as vulgar and illiterate. Nonstandardis not simply a euphemism but reflects the empirical discoverythat the varieties used by low-prestige groups have rich and systematic grammatical structuresand that their stigmatization more often reflects a judgment about their speakersrather than any inherent deficiencies in logic or expressive power.Note, however, that the use of nonstandard forms is not necessarily restricted to the communities with which they are associated in the public mind.Many educated speakers freely use forms such ascan't hardly or ain't I to set a popular or informal tone. · Some dictionaries use the termsubstandard to describe forms, such asain't, associated with uneducated speech, while reservingnonstandard for forms such as irregardless, which are common in writingbut are still regarded by many as uneducated.Butsubstandard is itself susceptible of disparaging interpretation, and most linguists and lexicographers now use onlynonstandard, the practice followed in this Dictionary.词条nonstandard 被语言学家和词典编辑人引进用来描述以前已被词条，例如 vulgar 和 illiterate归类的用法和语言种类。 Nonstandand不只是委婉的说法， 而且反映了凭经验得到的发现：被具有权威的群体所用的语种有丰富而且系统的语法结构，而且这些误解被轻蔑描绘更经常地反映了对其说话者的判断，而不是对任何天生的逻辑和表达力的缺乏。然而，要注意，非标准语形式的运用并不必要限制于在公众心目中与其所联系的团体。许多受过教育的说话者自由地用这些形式如can't hardly 或者 ain't I 说流行或非正式的句子。 有些字典用substandard 来描述此类形式， 如ain't， 并与未受教育的言语相联系， 而同时保留nonstandard 用来形容 irregardless 这一类形式， 这些形式普遍用于写作中，但仍被许多人认为是未受教育的用法。但是substandard 本身很容易引起贬低含义的翻译， 大多数语言学家和词典编辑现在只用nonstandard， 在此词典后边有练习〔innate〕Possessed at birth; inborn.生来的；天生的〔instinctive〕The central meaning shared by these adjectives is "derived from or prompted by a natural tendency or impulse": 这些形容词共有的中心意思是“由天生的趋势或冲动而来的或为其所激发的”： 〔inbred〕Fixed in the character or disposition as if inherited; deep-seated:天生的：固定在好象与生俱来的性格与气质上的；根深蒂固的：〔kind〕Kindhearted especially suggests an innately kind disposition: Kindhearted 特别暗示出天生的仁慈个性： 〔inborn〕Possessed by an organism at birth.See Synonyms at innate 天生的：生物天生固有的 参见 innate〔natural〕One suited by nature for a certain purpose or function:天赋：天生的适合某一特定目的或功能的人：〔innate〕inbred superiority. Something that isinnate seems essential to the nature, character, or constitution: 天生的优势。 innate 含有对性格、特性和体质的形成非常重要的意思： 〔aptitude〕An inherent ability, as for learning; a talent.See Synonyms at ability 天资：天生的能力，如学习；天资 参见 ability〔connatural〕Innate; inborn.天生的；固有的〔elemental〕Constituting an integral part; inborn.组成整体的；天生的〔born〕Having from birth a particular quality or talent:天生的，天赋的：生来就有的特殊才能或天赋：〔opposite〕These adjectives mean marked by a natural or innate and irreconcilable opposition.Two things that are altogether different areopposite : 这些形容词意思是自然的或天生的和不可调和的相互敌对。两种完全不同的事物是opposite ： 〔connate〕Existing at birth or from the beginning; inborn or inherent.天生的：出生时或从开始就存在的；天生的或固有的〔mole〕A small congenital growth on the human skin, usually slightly raised and dark and sometimes hairy, especially a pigmented nevus.痣：人体皮肤上的一个小而天生的斑点，通常轻微突起或呈深色，有时长有毛，尤指一个色素痣〔tegument〕A natural outer covering; an integument.外皮：天生的外部覆盖物；覆盖物〔instinct〕An innate capability or aptitude:天资：天生的能力或才能：〔listen〕"She encouraged me to listen carefully to what country people called mother wit"(Maya Angelou)“她鼓励我仔细地留意乡村人所说的天生的智慧”(马雅·安琪罗)〔talkative〕"a natural reserve accentuated by the verbose frankness of her husband" (W. Somerset Maugham). “她天生的缄默少言因其丈夫长篇大论式的坦诚而被加剧了” (W·索马瑟特·毛姆）。〔cool〕Imperturbable stresses unshakable calmness considered usually as an inherent trait rather than as a product of self-discipline: Imperturbable 侧重于一种不可动摇的沉着冷静，通常被认为是天生的特性而不是自我约束的产物： 〔natural〕Not acquired; inherent:非后天的；天生的：〔distort〕To twist out of a proper or natural relation of parts; misshape.扭歪，扭曲，使变形：扭动而脱离了正确的或天生的部位联系；使变形〔act〕She acts like a born leader.她的举止象个天生的领导〔ingrown〕Inbred; innate:天生的；生来的：〔intuitive〕Known or perceived through intuition.See Synonyms at instinctive 天生的：凭直觉知道或感知的 参见 instinctive〔parabiosis〕The natural or surgical union of anatomical parts of two organisms, usually involving exchange of blood, as in the development of Siamese twins or in certain transplant operations.联体，并体：天生的或手术施行的通常进行血液交换的两器官的联合，比如在连体婴的发育或某种嫁接手术中〔natural〕Having a particular character by nature:天生的：天然具有某种特定性质的：〔natural〕a natural leader.See Synonyms at normal 天生的领袖 参见 normal〔instinct〕An inborn pattern of behavior that is characteristic of a species and is often a response to specific environmental stimuli:本能：一种天生的行为方式，其因物种不同而各异，通常是对某一具体环境刺激的反应：〔connate〕Latin nāscī [to be born] * see genə- 拉丁语 nāscī [天生的] * 参见 genə- 〔proclivity〕A natural propensity or inclination; predisposition.See Synonyms at predilection 癖性，倾向：天生的爱好或脾性；偏好 参见 predilection〔native〕Existing in or belonging to one by nature; innate:天生的，天赋的：天然的存在的或属于某人的；天生的：〔magnet〕An object that is surrounded by a magnetic field and that has the property, either natural or induced, of attracting iron or steel.磁体：处于磁场包围中的一个物体，具有天生的或者是引发的吸引铁或钢的特性〔ability〕A natural or acquired skill or talent.能耐，才能：天生的或后天获得的技巧或才能〔congenital〕Existing at or before birth.天生的：出生前或出生时已存在的〔manner〕Accustomed to a position, custom, or lifestyle from or as if from birth.天生就习惯：习惯于一种地位、习俗或生活方式、或天生的或仿佛是天生的 |
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