| 单词 | 失业 |
| 释义 | 〔obedient〕"replacing the troublemakers with more submissive people from the masses of unemployed" (Suzanne Muchnic).One who isdocile is receptive to being taught and willing to be led, supervised, or directed by another: “以失业群众中顺从者取代惹事生非者” （苏珊娜·穆什尼克）。一个docile 的人易接受教导且愿意被别人领导、监督和指挥： 〔brood〕fretting over the loss of their jobs;担忧他们的失业；〔unemployed〕Not having work; jobless.失业的：没有工作的；无工作的〔subemployed〕Of or relating to workers or segments of the paid labor force that are unemployed, underemployed, or underpaid.半就业的，就业不足的：失业的、部分时间就业的，所得工资不能维持生活的工人或工薪阶层的，有关这些工人及阶层的〔Coxey〕American businessman and reformer who led a march on Washington, D.C., to protest unemployment and recommended the use of fiat money to finance a work program.考克西，雅格布·塞奇勒：(1854-1951) 美国商人和社会改革家，他在华盛顿特区组织游行抗议失业，并提议把不兑现纸币用于资助一项工作计划〔fall〕I had to fall back on my savings when I was unemployed.失业时我不得不动用我的积蓄〔anger〕"public indignation about takeovers causing people to lose their jobs" (Allan Sloan). “公众对于导致人们失业的接管行为很愤怒” （艾伦·斯洛恩）〔hard〕industrial cities hit hard by unemployment.工业城市遭到失业的剧烈打击〔empty〕In Old EnglishIc eom ǣmtig could mean "I am empty,” "I am unoccupied,” or "I am unmarried.” The sense "unoccupied, at leisure,” which did not survive Old English,points to the derivation ofǣmtig from the Old English word ǣmetta, "leisure, rest.” The wordǣmetta may in turn go back to the Germanic root mōt-, meaning "ability, leisure.”In any case, Old Englishǣmtig also meant "vacant,” a sense that was destined to take over the meaning of the word. Empty, the Modern English descendant of Old Englishǣmtig, has come to have the sense "idle,” so that one can speak of empty leisure.在古英语里，Ic eom cemfig 可以表示“我饿”，“我现在失业”或“我没有结婚。” “未占用的，空闲的”这个意思没有在古英语中保留下来，这表明æmtig ， 派生自古英语词 æmetta ，意为“空闲，休息”。 鎚etta 可以追溯到日耳曼语词根 mot-， 意为“能力，空闲”。无论如何，古英语æmtig 也表示“空的”， 这个意思是注定要取代这个词的意义。 Empty 这个古英语鎚tig 在现代英语中的变形具有了“空闲的”的意思， 所以我们可以说空闲〔derelict〕A homeless or jobless person; a vagrant.流浪汉：无家可归的或失业的人；流浪者〔carry〕carried the unemployed customer for 90 days.让失业的顾客记帐九十天〔bewail〕"bewailing the possible effects of double-digit unemployment"(Washington Post)“为可能是两位数的失业结果而悲叹”(华盛顿邮报)〔jobless〕Having no job.失业的：没有工作的〔hole〕pockets of unemployment in an otherwise affluent society. 本显得很富裕的社会中一些失业的不利情况 〔symptomatic〕the rash symptomatic of scarlet fever; a rise in unemployment symptomatic of a weakening economy.猩红热的皮疹症状；失业增加是经济萧条的表现〔highfalutin〕"highfalutin reasons for denying direct federal assistance to the unemployed"(Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.)“拒绝联邦政府对失业人员直接援助的自大的理由”(小阿瑟M.施莱辛格)〔catalog〕"the long catalogue of his concerns: unemployment, housing, race, drugs, the decay of the inner city, the environment and family life"(Anthony Holden)“他所关注的事情的长长的名单：失业，住房，种族，毒品，城市的衰退，环境和家庭生活”(安东尼·霍尔登)〔Keynes〕British economist who proposed that high unemployment, being a result of insufficient consumer spending, could be relieved by government-sponsored programs. He also advocated deficit spending by governments to stimulate ecomomic activity.凯恩斯，约翰·梅纳尔：(1883-1946) 英国经济学家，他认为严重的失业是由于消费需求的不足，可以通过一些政府资助项目来缓解。他也提倡政府通过赤字开支来刺激经济活动〔data〕But whiledata comes from a Latin plural form, the practice of treatingdata as a plural in English often does not correspond to its meaning, given an understanding of what counts as data in modern research.We know, for example, what "data on the homeless" would consist of—surveys, case histories, statistical analyses, and so forth—but it would be a vain exercise to try to sort all of these out into sets of individual facts,each of them a "datum" on the homeless. (Does a case history count as a single datum,or as a collection of them?Is a correlation between rates of homelessness and unemployment itself a datum, or is it an abstraction over a number of data?)Since scientists and researchers think of data as a singular mass entity like information,it is entirely natural that they should have come to talk about it as such and that others should defer to their practice.Sixty percent of the Usage Panel accepts the use ofdata with a singular verb and pronoun in the sentenceOnce the data is in, we can begin to analyze it. A still larger number, 77 percent, accepts the sentence 但是当data 来源于一拉丁复数形式， 在英语中把data 当作复数来对待的运用常常和它的意义不相符合， 给了我们在现代研究中算作数据事物的一种理解。例如，我们知道，“无家可归人的资料”将由调查、个人历史，数据分析等等构成——但是试着把这些都分类到一套个人事实将会是一次无用的尝试，他们中的每一个都为无家可归人的资料。 （个人历史是算作一个简单的资料，还是作为其中的一个收集?无家可归人的比率和失业之间的联系是一个资料，还是一系列资料中的一个提取？）既然科学家和研究工作者认为资料和信息一样是一个单一的团体，他们就应该这样地来谈论它并且其他的人应当服丛他们的说法，这是完全自然的，百分之六十的用法专题使用小组成员接受把data 和单数动词和代词连用， 如在句子一旦资料来了，我们就能开始分析了 中， 更大的比例，即百分之七十七的成员接受了句子 〔epidemic〕an unemployment epidemic.迅速扩散的失业〔pathology〕"Neighborhoods plagued by a self-perpetuating pathology of joblessness, welfare dependency, crime"(Time)“附近地区被失业、救济依赖和犯罪等反常现象所缠绕”(时代)〔inactive〕Idle refers to persons who are doing nothing or are not busy,as through unemployment or choice ( Idle 指人们不做任何事情或不忙的，如因失业或出于自己的选择( 〔insecure〕unemployed and facing an insecure future.失业并面临无保障的未来〔lumpen〕lumpen intellectuals unable to find work in their fields.失业知识分子在他们的领域内找不到工作〔Oglethorpe〕English soldier, philanthropist, and colonizer. He secured a charter for the colony of Georgia (1732) as a refuge for unemployed debtors newly released from prison.奥格尔索普，詹姆斯·爱德华：(1696-1785) 英国将军，博爱主义者和殖民者。他曾获得使得乔治亚州殖民地(1732年）作为刚从监狱放出的失业债务人的避难所的特许状〔join〕linked poverty and unemployment to the social unrest besetting the city.把使城市陷入困境的社会骚乱与贫困失业联系起来。〔unemployment〕The percentage or number of people who are involuntarily unemployed:失业率：非自愿性失业人口的数字或比率： |
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