| 单词 | 委员 |
| 释义 | 〔councilman〕A man who is a member of a council, especially of the local governing body of a city or town.委员：委员会的成员，尤指城市或镇上的当地政府委员会成员〔nonpartisan〕a nonpartisan commission; nonpartisan opinions.非政党委员；非党派意见〔fellow〕A member of the governing body of certain colleges and universities.校务委员会委员：某些学院或大学中管理机构的一员〔Voroshilov〕Soviet military and political leader. He fought in the civil war (1918-1920) following the Russian Revolution of 1917 and later served as a member of the politburo (1926-1960) and as commissar for defense (1925-1940).伏罗希洛夫，克利蒙·伊夫雷莫维奇：(1881-1969) 苏联军事和政治领导。他在俄国1917年革命后的内战(1918-1920年）中作战，后成为政治局委员(1926-1960年）和国防部委员(1925-1940年）〔alderman〕Abbr. Ald.A member of the municipal legislative body in a town or city in many jurisdictions.缩写 Ald.市政委员会委员：许多管理区中城市或城镇的市政立法组织成员〔scan〕In the 1969 edition ofThe American Heritage Dictionary a dead issue was buried by our Usage Panel, 85 percent of whom thought it was acceptable to usescan in the sense "to look over quickly,” though the note stated that this was less formal usage.The usage issue was raised becausescan in an earlier sense meant "to examine closely.” From a historical perspective it is easy to see how these two opposite senses ofscan developed. The source of our word, Latinscandere, which meant "to climb,” came to mean "to scan a verse of poetry,” because one could beat the rhythm by lifting and putting down one's foot.The Middle English verbscannen, derived from scandere, came into Middle English in this sense (first recorded in a text composed before 1398). In the 16th century this highly specialized sense having to do with the close analysis of verse developed other senses,such as "to criticize, examine minutely, interpret, perceive.” From these senses having to do with examination and perception,it was an easy step to the sense "to look at searchingly" (first recorded in 1798),perhaps harking back still to the careful, detailed work involved in analyzing prosody.But a thorough search can change into a quick one, as it seems to have done in the case of the verbscan. 在1969年版的美国传统词典 中，我们的用法委员会放弃了一个已废弃的争议， 其中85%的人认为scan 意为“快速浏览”是可接受的， 虽然注释上说这是非正式的用法。之所以这么用是因为scan 在较早的意义上表示“仔细检查”。 从历史的角度了解scan 的两个相反意思如何发展是容易的。 这个单词的词源是拉丁语scandere ，意为“攀登”，后又演化为“标出诗之格律”， 因为人们可以通过抬起或放下脚来打拍子。中世纪英语动词scannen 即是在这个意义上从 scandere 转化而来的（首次被记载在一本1398年之前编辑的教科书上）。 在16世纪这个已经高度专门化并且用来表示仔细分析诗歌的词语又发展出了其它的意项，如“批评、细致入微地检查、翻译或理解”。从这些表示检查和察觉的意思，很容易就过渡到“细察”(1798年首次被记载）的意义，也可能返回到仔细分析诗体的细微工作。但就象这个动词scan 一样，彻底地搜查可能变成快速地浏览 〔NKVD〕Narodny Kommissariat Vnutrennikh Del (Peoples' Commissariat of Internal Affairs).人民内务委员部〔witan〕Old English [pl. of] wita [councilor] * see witenagemot 古英语 wita的复数 [政务会委员] * 参见 witenagemot〔crosstalk〕crosstalk among members of the panel.调查委员会委员们的补充性交谈〔witenagemot〕Old English witena gemōt [meeting of councilors] 古英语 witena gemōt [委员会议] 〔speechify〕"In Washington, cabinet secretaries pose and speechify"(Jonathan Alter)“在华盛顿，内阁委员们装模作样和高谈阔论”(乔纳森·奥尔特)〔committeeman〕A man who is a member of a committee.委员：委员会成员〔detraction〕The candidate responded sharply to the long list of detractions concocted by his opponent.该委员对其反对者编造的长篇毁誉反应敏锐〔further〕He stated further that he would not cooperate with the committee.他进一步指出他不愿与委员会合作〔Morris〕American political leader and diplomat who led the committee that produced the final draft of the U.S. Constitution (1787).莫里斯，古维尔纽尔：(1752-1816) 美国政治领导人和外交家，他领导的委员会产生了美国宪法的最后草案（1787年） |
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