| 单词 | 威尔士语 |
| 释义 | 〔Excalibur〕from Middle Welsh Caletuwlch 源自 中古威尔士语 Caletuwlch 〔frown〕Caesar's division of Gaul into three parts used to be known by every child who learned Latin,but perhaps even classically trained schoolchildren did not always realize that in spite of the conquest of Gaul by the Romans, some Gaulish elements lived on, such as our wordfrown. This word is descended from Gaulish, a Celtic language that is related to Welsh and Irish. Frown, first recorded in Middle English in a work composed around 1395,came from Old Frenchfroigner, which meant "to turn up one's nose.” The Old French word was derived fromfrogne, "grimace,” which in turn came from the hypothetical Gaulish word.frogna, "nose,” which is related to Welshffroen, "nose,” and Old Irish srōn, "nose.” 每一个学拉丁文的孩子都知道凯撒三分高卢，但如果不是罗马人征服高卢，高卢语中许多东西至今依然存在，例如frown ，恐怕即使在学校里按传统方式教育的孩子都不可能知道这一点了。 此词来自高卢语，一种与威尔士语和爱尔兰语有关的凯尔特语。 Frown， 首先见于中世纪一本约1359年的英语书，来自古法语froigner， 意为“皱起某人的鼻子”。 古法语词则源自frogne， “鬼脸，” 源自臆测的高卢词·frogna， 意为“鼻子”， 与威尔士语ffroen， “鼻子”和与古爱尔兰语 sron 意为“鼻子”有关 〔crowd〕from Welsh crwth [hump, crowd] 源自 威尔士语 crwth [驼背，人群] 〔muley〕or from Welsh moel [bald, hornless] 或源自 威尔士语 moel [秃的，无角的] 〔Cambrian〕from Welsh Cymry 源自 威尔士语 Cymry 〔brit〕or from Welsh brithyll [trout] 或源自 威尔士语 brithyll [鳟鱼] 〔sack〕The wordsack may seem an odd candidate for preserving a few thousand years of history, but this word for an ordinary thing probably goes back to Middle Eastern antiquity.Sack owes its long history to the fact that it and its ancestors denoted an object that was used in trade between peoples. Thus the Greeks got their wordsakkos, "a bag made out of coarse cloth or hair,” from the Phoenicians with whom they traded. We do not know the Phoenician word,but we know words that are akin to it,such as Hebrewsaq and Akkadian saqqu. The Greeks then passed the sack, as it were, to the Latin-speaking Romans, who transmitted their wordsaccus, "a large bag or sack,” to the Germanic tribes with whom they traded, who gave it the form .sakkiz (other peoples as well have taken this word from Greek or Latin, including speakers of Welsh, Russian, Polish, and Albanian).The speakers of Old English, a Germanic language, used two forms of the word,sæc, from .sakkiz, and sacc, directly from Latin; the second Old English form is the ancestor of oursack. sack 这个词具有几百年的历史看起来可能很奇怪， 但这个词用来指一件普通的物品大概可追溯到古代中东。Sack 的长久历史归功于它和它的前身，即指用于人们之间贸易的一个物品。 因此希腊人从与他们做买卖的腓尼基人处得到sakkos 这个词，指“用粗布或毛发制成的袋子”。 我们不懂腓尼基语指什么，但知道一些与它相关的词，如希伯莱语中的Saq 和阿卡德语中的 Saqqu。 希腊人于是又把这个词传到说拉丁语的罗马人中，罗马人把他们的词saccus （“大袋子，大麻袋”）传给与他们做贸易的日耳曼人部落，他们用 Sakkiz 这种形式 （其他民族也从希腊语或拉丁语中得到这个词，其中包括说威尔士语、俄语、波兰语和阿尔巴尼亚语的人们）。讲古英语（一种日耳曼语言）的人用这个词的两种形式：源自sakkiz 的 sæc 和源自拉丁语的 sacc ； 这第二种古英语的形式是我们现在的sack 的前身 〔bard〕and from Welsh bardd * see g werə- 2并源自 威尔士语 bardd * 参见 g werə- 2〔Goidelic〕possibly from Old Welsh -guoidel, Gwyddel 可能源自 古威尔士语 -guoidel, Gwyddel 〔cist〕Welsh [chest] 威尔士语 [箱] 〔flummery〕Welsh llymru [soft jelly from sour oatmeal] 威尔士语 llymru [从酸燕麦片中得到的软胶冻] 〔metheglin〕Welsh meddyglyn 威尔士语 meddyglyn 〔coracle〕Welsh corwgl 威尔士语 corwgl 〔joke〕It is hard to imagine the English language without the wordjoke , butjoke is only first recorded in 1670. Sincejoke was originally considered a slang or informal usage, it was not suitable to all contexts.The change in status ofjoke from then to now provides us with an excellent example of how usage changes. Joke has a decent enough heritage at any rate, coming from Latiniocus, "jest, sport, laughingstock, trifle.”Iocus in turn can be traced back to the Indo-European root yek-, meaning "to speak,” from which also comes the Umbrian wordiuka, "prayers,” and the Welsh wordiaith, "speech.” 我们很难想象英语中如果没有joke 这个词会怎样， 但是joke 在1670年才首次有文字记载。 因为joke 起初被认为是俚语或非正式用语， 以前它并不是在所有的文章中都适用的。从那时到现在joke 地位上的变化给我们提供了一个关于语言用法如何变化的极好的例子。 不管怎样joke 的词源算得上很体面， 它来自于拉丁语中iocus 一词， 表示“玩笑，游戏，笑柄，琐事”。Iocus 反过来又可追溯到印欧语系中的词根 yek- 表示“说话”， 从这个词根还派生出翁布里亚语中iuka 一词，即“祈祷”， 以及威尔士语中iaith 一词，即“讲话，演说” 〔eghs〕eisteddfod , from Welsh eistedd , sitting, from Celtic *eks-dī-sedo- . eisteddfod , 源自 威尔士语 eistedd , 就座的, 源自 凯尔特语 *eks-dī-sedo- . 〔Welsh〕The Celtic language of Wales. Also called In this sense, also called Cymric 威尔士语 也作 在此意义上也可称作 Cymric〔lath〕probably alteration influenced by Welsh llath [rod] 可能为 受 威尔士语 llath的影响 [枝条] 〔crag〕from Welsh craig 源自 威尔士语 craig 〔Welsh〕Of or relating to Wales or its people, language, or culture.威尔士的或威尔士人的或威尔士语的，关于威尔士的或关于威尔士人的或关于威尔士语的〔Cymry〕Welsh [pl. of] Cymro [the Welsh people, Wales] 威尔士语 Cymro的复数 [威尔士人，威尔士] 〔wrasse〕Welsh gwrach [old woman] 威尔士语 gwrach [老太太] 〔cwm〕Welsh [valley] 威尔士语 [山谷] 〔penguin〕Possibly from Welsh pen gwyn [White Head (name of an island in Newfoundland), great auk] 可能源自 威尔士语 pen gwyn [白头岛（加拿大纽芬兰一岛名），大海雀] |
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英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。