| 单词 | 宗教 |
| 释义 | 〔hall〕A building used for the meetings, entertainments, or living quarters of a fraternity, sorority, church, or other social or religious organization.会所：用于集会、娱乐或为大学的兄弟会、姊妹会、教堂、别的社会或宗教组织提供住处的建筑〔order〕A group of persons living under a religious rule:修道会：按宗教规则行事的一群人：〔sacrosanct〕sacrum [religious rite] from sacer [sacred] * see sacred sacrum [宗教礼事] 源自 sacer [神圣的] * 参见 sacred〔Nantes〕A city of western France on the Loire River west of Tours. Dating to pre-Roman times, it was captured by Norse raiders in the ninth century and later fell to the dukes of Brittany. The Edict of Nantes, granting limited religious and civil liberties to the Huguenots, was issued in 1598 by Henry IV of France and revoked in 1685 by Louis XIV. Population, 240,539.南特：法国西部一城市，位于卢瓦尔河畔、图尔的西面，有记录始于前罗马时代，9世纪被诺斯人侵者征服，后落入布里特尼公爵，声明限制胡格诺人宗教和公民自由的南特法令于1598年由法国亨利四世颁布，路易十四世于1685年废止。人口240,539〔doctrine〕A principle or body of principles presented for acceptance or belief, as by a religious, political, scientific, or philosophic group; dogma.教条，教义：由宗教、政治或哲学团体提出来要人接受或信仰的原理；教理〔unhallowed〕Not conforming to accepted ethical standards; immoral.不道德的，不合法的：不遵照可接受的宗教标准的；不道德的〔devotional〕A short religious service.献身的：一种短暂的宗教服务〔pope〕The male head of some non-Christian religions:一些非基督教宗教的男性领袖：〔Diocletian〕Emperor of Rome (284-305) who divided the empire into east and west (286) in an attempt to rule the territory more effectively. His desire to revive the old religion of Rome led to the last major persecution of the Christians (303).戴克里先：罗马皇帝（284-305年），为试图更有效地控制帝国将其分为东西两个帝国（286年）。其恢复罗马宗教的愿望导致了最后对基督教徒的严重迫害（303年）〔dark〕"churned up dark undercurrents of ethnic and religious hostility"(Peter Maas)“搅起种族和宗教仇视的邪恶潜流”(彼得·马斯)〔invocation〕A prayer or other formula used in invoking, as at the opening of a religious service.祷文：乞灵时所用的祈祷文或其它程式，如在宗教活动开始时所用的祷文等〔soul〕A sense of ethnic pride among Black people and especially African-Americans, expressed in areas such as language, social customs, religion, and music.激情：黑人尤其是美国黑人所具有的一种民族自傲，如在语言、社会风俗、宗教以及音乐等方面都有表现〔religious〕Of, concerned with, or teaching religion:宗教的：传教的，和传教有关的：〔Jainism〕An ascetic religion of India, founded in the sixth centuryb.c. , that teaches the immortality and transmigration of the soul and denies the existence of a perfect or supreme being. 耆那教：印度禁欲宗教，创立于公元前 6世纪，主张精神永恒存在和灵魂转世论，否认至高无上的人的存在 〔shamanism〕The animistic religion of certain peoples of northern Asia in which mediation between the visible and spirit worlds is effected by shamans.萨满教，黄教：亚洲北部某些民族的泛神宗教，其中处于现实世界与精灵世界的中介者受到过萨满僧侣的影响〔hierology〕The sacred literature of a people.一个民族的宗教文学〔clergy〕The body of people ordained for religious service.See Usage Note at collective noun 神职人员：被任命做宗教服务的人员 参见 collective noun〔chapbook〕A small book or pamphlet containing poems, ballads, stories, or religious tracts.小册子：包含诗歌、歌谣、故事或宗教圣经诗歌的小书或小册子〔hierarchy〕Religious rule by a group of ranked clergy.按教士等级实行的宗教统治〔Assisi〕A town of central Italy east-southeast of Perugia. Saint Francis of Assisi was born here in 1182 and died here in 1226. The town is a religious and tourist center. Population, 19,000.阿西尼城：意大利中部佩鲁贾东南偏东一城镇。阿西尼的圣·弗朗西斯1182年生于此地，1226年卒于此。该城是一个宗教和旅游中心。人口19,000〔anthology〕"The Irish love their constitution for what it is: an anthology of the clerical-nationalist ideas of 1936, when it was drawn up"(Economist)“爱尔兰人热爱他们的宪法：当它在1936年被制定出来时就是宗教民族主义思想的杂集”(经济学家)〔Protestantism〕Adherence to the religion and beliefs of a Protestant church.奉行新教教义：遵守新教教会的宗教和信仰〔multireligious〕Made up of, involving, or acting on behalf of various religions or religious groups.多种宗教的：多种宗教或宗教组织组成的或者作为其代表的〔semblable〕unfamiliar symbols semblable to religious icons.类似宗教圣像的奇特的符号〔unction〕The act of anointing as part of a religious, ceremonial, or healing ritual.涂油礼：作为宗教，典礼或治疗仪式本部分的涂油行为〔missionary〕One who is sent on a mission, especially one sent to do religious or charitable work in a territory or foreign country.传教士：被派遣去传教，尤其是被派遣到一个地区或外国去做宗教或慈善工作的人〔sect〕A religious body, especially one that has separated from a larger denomination.教派：宗教体系，尤指从一个更大的教派分离出来的宗教体〔Orangeman〕A member of a secret society founded in Northern Ireland in 1795 to maintain the political and religious ascendancy of Protestantism.奥兰治社团成员：1795年在爱尔兰北部成立的以支持当时政治和宗教的新教势力的秘密社团的成员〔pluralism〕A condition of society in which numerous distinct ethnic, religious, or cultural groups coexist within one nation.多元化的社会形态：许多不同的民族、宗教或文化群体共存于一个国家的社会状况〔Tintoretto〕Italian painter of religious, mythological, and historical subjects as well as portraits. His works includeSaint George and the Dragon (c. 1550). 丁托列托：意大利画家，以宗教、神话和历史为主题，也画肖像画。他的作品包括《圣乔治和龙》 （大约1550年） 〔spiritual〕A religious folk song of American Black origin.圣歌：美国黑人所创的宗教民歌〔Neri〕Italian ecclesiastic who founded (1564) a religious order, the Fathers of the Oratory, and advised the Holy See to absolve Henry IV of France.奈里，菲利普：(1515-1595) 于1564年建立宗教秩序的意大利传教士。奥拉托力会的创建者，曾建议罗马教廷赦免法国亨利四世〔unity〕"Religion . . . calls for the integration of lands and peoples in harmonious unity" (Vine Deloria, Jr.).“宗教…要求在协调一致中土地和人民的统合” （小凡·得罗拉）。〔Herbert〕English metaphysical poet whose works, including "The Collar" (1633), are religious in theme and marked by rich symbolism and inventive meter.赫伯特，乔治：(1593-1633) 英国玄学派诗人。他的作品，包括“项圈”(1663年），以宗教为主题，以丰富的意象和创新的音步为特征〔Rome〕The capital and largest city of Italy, in the west-central part of the country on the Tiber River. Traditionally founded by Romulus and Remus, it was ruled first by Etruscans, who were overthrown c. 500b.c. The Roman Republic gradually extended its territory and expanded its influence, giving way to the Roman Empire during the reign of Augustus (27 b.c. - a.d. 14). As capital of the empire, Rome was considered the center of the known world, but the city declined when Constantine transferred his capital to Byzantium (323). Alaric I conquered the city in 410, leading to a lengthy period of devastation by barbarian tribes. In the Middle Ages the city revived as the spiritual and temporal power of the papacy increased. During the 1800's Rome was held at various times by the French until it became the capital of Italy in 1871. Vatican City remains an independent enclave within the confines of Rome. Population, 2,830,569. 罗马：意大利的首都及最大城市，在该国中西部，濒临台伯河。传统上认为罗马由罗穆卢斯和瑞摩斯创建，伊特鲁里亚人最先统治罗马，并于公元前 500年被推翻。罗马共和国逐渐扩展领土和扩大势力，在奥古斯都( 公元前 27年- 公元 14年）统治时期成为罗马帝国。罗马作为帝国的首都，被认为是世界的中心，当康斯坦丁把国都迁往拜占庭后(323年），罗马衰落了。阿拉里克一世于410年征服了罗马从而使野蛮部落给罗马带来长期毁灭性的灾难。中世纪时，随着教皇宗教和世俗权力的上升，罗马又恢复了生机。19世纪期间，罗马不时受到法国人的统治，直至1871成为意大利的首都。梵蒂冈仍为罗马境内独立的外国领地。人口2,830,569 〔ascetic〕A person who renounces material comforts and leads a life of austere self-discipline, especially as an act of religious devotion.苦行者：一个放弃物质享受，过着严格自律生活的人，尤指作为虔诚的宗教行为〔Schleiermacher〕German philosopher and Protestant theologian who believed that the individual must develop a personal religious attitude.施莱艾尔马赫，弗雷德里希·恩斯特·丹尼尔：(1768-1834) 德国哲学家和基督教新教神学家，主张个人必须养成自己的宗教态度〔offense〕"Is it . . . a crime to love too well?” (Alexander Pope).Asin is a transgression of religious or moral law; more loosely it applies to something regarded as being utterly wrong: “难道…爱得太深也是一种过错?” （亚历山大·波普）。Sin 是一种对于宗教或道德法规的违反， 它更广泛地被用于被认为完全错误的事物： 〔revival〕A time of reawakened interest in religion.宗教觉醒期：恢复对宗教兴趣的时期〔offering〕A contribution or gift, especially one made at a religious service.供品：礼物，尤其是进行宗教活动时供奉的 |
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