| 单词 | 家伙 |
| 释义 | 〔customer〕a tough customer.强硬固执的家伙〔cookie〕a lawyer who was a tough cookie.这个律师是个干练的家伙〔frank〕"George was a straightforward soul . . . ‘See here!’ he said. ‘Are you engaged to anybody?’” (Booth Tarkington).“乔治是个想到什么说什么的家伙…‘喂’他说。‘你和谁订婚了吗? ’” （布思·塔基顿）。〔boozehound〕"All old . . . boozehounds are alike, aren't they?”(Jimmy Breslin)“所有老的…嗜酒的家伙都是一样的，不是吗？”(吉米·布雷斯林)〔booger〕A person; a fellow.家伙：一个人；一个家伙〔chap〕A man or boy; a fellow.男人或男孩；家伙〔mark〕"a fellow of no mark nor likelihood"(Shakespeare)“不重要而且也没有希望的家伙”(莎士比亚)〔motherfucker〕A person regarded as thoroughly despicable.不要脸的家伙：被认为是彻头彻尾的卑鄙无耻的人〔devil〕a handsome devil; the poor devil.漂亮的人；可怜的家伙〔devil〕A person:人，家伙：一个人：〔stiff〕a lucky stiff; just an ordinary working stiff.一个幸运的家伙；不过是个平常的蓝领工人〔gink〕A man, especially one regarded as foolish or contemptible.家伙，怪人：人，尤指愚蠢或卑劣的人〔joker〕Some joker is blocking my driveway.有个家伙挡住了我的车行道〔up〕a prowler up to no good.四处寻觅，图谋不轨的家伙〔ratfink〕A person regarded as contemptible, obnoxious, or otherwise undesirable.讨厌的家伙：被认为看不起，卑鄙或具有其它使人不悦性格的人〔stingy〕The old peasant was an avaricious and close-fisted fellow.那个老农是个贪婪而又吝啬的家伙。〔bibulous〕a bibulous fellow; a bibulous evening.爱喝酒的家伙；畅饮之夜〔blighter〕A fellow, especially one held in low esteem.下流坯：尤指不受尊重的家伙〔cretin〕from Vulgar Latin *christiānus [Christian, human being, poor fellow] 源自 俗拉丁语 *christiānus [基督教徒，人类，可怜的家伙] 〔galoot〕A person, especially a clumsy or uncouth one.家伙：一个人，尤指笨拙的或古怪的人〔sod〕"Poor sod, he almost got lucky for once"(Jack Higgins)“可怜的家伙，有一次他几乎成了很幸运的人”(杰克·希金斯)〔cullion〕A contemptible fellow; a rascal.可鄙的家伙；无赖〔pant〕It would seem unlikely that the name of a 4th-century Roman Catholic saint should be the ultimate source of a word for a modern article of clothing commonly worn by both men and women.Pants, however, can be traced back to Pantaleon, the patron saint of Venice. He became so closely associated with the inhabitants of that citythat the Venetians became popularly known asPantaloni. Consequently, among the commedia dell'arte's stock characters the representative Venetian (a stereotypically wealthy but miserly merchant) was calledPantalone. His name in French,Pantalon, was borrowed into English (first recorded around 1590). During the middle of the 17th centurythe French came to identify him with one particular style of trousers,and this same style became known aspantaloons in English. Pantaloons was later applied to another style of trousers that came into fashion toward the end of the 18th century, tight-fitting garments that had begun to replace knee breeches.After thatpantaloons was used to refer to trousers in general. The last step in the development of the wordpants met with some resistance. This abbreviation ofpantaloon was considered vulgar and, as Oliver Wendell Holmes put it,"a word not made for gentlemen, but ‘gents.’”First found in the writings of Edgar Allan Poe in 1840,pants has replaced the "gentleman's word" in English and has lost all obvious connection to Saint Pantaleon.看起来一位公元4世纪的罗马天主教徒的名字似乎不可能是这个做为男人和女人平常都穿的布做的现代物品的根本词源。Pants 但可以追溯到奥塔莱昂，威尼斯的庇护神。 他变得与这座城市里的居民联系得这样紧密，以至于威尼斯人也通俗的被称为Pantaloni 。 结果，在即兴喜剧的角色中那个有代表性的威尼斯人（一个愚富而吝啬的商人）被称作Pantalone。 他的法语名字Panlalon 被借用到英语中（初次记录大约在1590年）。 在17世纪中期，法国人开始把它与一种特殊类型的裤子等同起来，同一种类型的裤子在英语中是pantaloons 。 Pantaloons 后来被用作另一种类型的裤子并在18世纪末日渐流行， 紧身衣服已经开始取代齐膝马裤。在那以后，pantaloons 被用来泛指裤子。 在pants 一词发展的最后遇到了一些阻力。 Pantaloon 的缩写被认为是粗俗的， 并且正如奥立弗·温德尔·霍姆斯所说，“并不是为绅士而造的词，而是为‘家伙们所造’”。最早在1840年发现于艾德加·爱伦·坡的作品中，pants 在英语中已经替代了那个“绅士的语言”， 而且显然已失去了和圣奥塔莱昂的一切联系〔asshole〕A thoroughly contemptible, detestable person.一个十分可恶，可耻的家伙〔nerd〕The wordnerd and a nerd, undefined but illustrated, first appeared in 1950 in Dr. Seuss'sIf I Ran the Zoo : "And then, just to show them,I'll sail to Ka-Troo And Bring Back an It-Kutch a Preep and a Proo a Nerkle a Nerd and a Seersucker, too!” (The nerd itself is a small humanoid creature looking comically angry,like a thin, cross Chester A. Arthur.)Nerd next appears, with a gloss, in the February 10, 1957, issue of the Glasgow, Scotland, Sunday Mail in a regular column entitled "ABC for SQUARES": "Nerd—a square, any explanation needed?”Many of the terms defined in this "ABC" are unmistakable Americanisms,such ashep, ick, and jazzy, as is the gloss "square,” the current meaning ofnerd. The third appearance ofnerd in print is back in the United States in 1970 in Current Slang : “Nurd [sic], someone with objectionable habits or traits. . . . An uninteresting person, a ‘dud.’” Authorities disagree on whether the two nerds—Dr. Seuss's small creature and the teenage slang term in theGlasgow Sunday Mail —are the same word. Some experts claim there is no semantic connectionand the identity of the words is fortuitous.Others maintain that Dr. Seuss is the true originator ofnerd and that the wordnerd ("comically unpleasant creature") was picked up by the five- and six-year-olds of 1950 and passed on to their older siblings, who by 1957, as teenagers,had restricted and specified the meaning to the most comically obnoxious creature of their own class,a "square.”单词nerd 和 a nerd，无定义但有说明， 第一次出现于1950年瑟斯博士写的要是我管动物园 中： “然后，仅仅是为了给他们看，我将航行到Ka-Troo，并带回It-Kutch a Preep和a Proo a Nerkle a Nerd ，还有一件印度泡泡纱！”（蠢货本身是一个具有人类特点的小动物，一副好笑发怒的样子，像瘦小很生气的切斯特·A阿瑟）。Nerd 接着在1957年2月10日苏格兰格拉斯哥人一期杂志上再次出现，还有一个解释。 星期日邮报 在一常设栏目中出了题为“古板之人ABC"的文章： "Nerd——古板之人，还需要任何解释吗?”许多在这个"ABC"中定义的术语是明显的美国特有词，如hep,ick 和 jazzy ， 正如nerd 的现行意思“古板之人”一样， nerd 第三次出现于印刷品中又回到了1970年美国的 最新俚语 中： “Nurd ［原文如此］带有令人不快的习惯或品质的人…一个没趣的人，一个‘饭桶。’” 权威们对这两个蠢货--瑟斯博士所指的小动物和格拉斯奇星期日邮报 上的青少年俚语是否是同一个词持不同意见。 有些专家宣称此处无语义联系，两个词的相似属偶然。其他人则坚持瑟斯博士是nerd 一词的始创者， 且nerd 一词（意为“令人不快的滑稽小动物”）让1950年时五、六岁的孩子们学会并传给了比他们大些的兄姐。 到1957年，作为青少年，他们把意思限定和专指他们当中最滑稽讨厌的家伙，即“古板守旧”的人〔ditsy〕"Needless to say, this ditsy crew succeeds in spite of itself"(David Ansen)“不用说，这一伙没有头脑的家伙却不由自主地成功了”(戴维·安森)〔dog〕You won, you lucky dog.你赢了，运气好的家伙〔cuss〕An odd or perverse creature.家伙，畜生：古怪的或反常的人或动物〔bugger〕A fellow; a chap:家伙，小伙子： |
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