| 单词 | 家长 |
| 释义 | 〔householder〕The head of a household.家长：一家之主〔aware〕a watchful parent with a toddler in tow;一个注意照看蹒跚学步的小孩儿的家长；〔PTO〕Parent Teacher Organization.家长教师联谊组织〔choice〕Parents should exercise care in their selection of the movies their young children see.家长们在为他们年幼的孩子们挑选所看的电影时应小心谨慎。〔pig〕"a parent who asks a child, ‘Would you like to pig out on pizza?’”(George F. Will)“一位问孩子，‘你想大吃一次意大利比萨饼吗?’的家长”(乔治F.威尔)〔indoctrinate〕a generation of children who had been indoctrinated against the values of their parents.这一代的孩子们被灌输了与他们家长的价值观相左的思想〔detain〕The police detained several suspects for questioning. The disruptive students were detained after school until their parents had been notified.警察拘留了许多疑犯进行审问，捣乱的学生在放学后被拘禁了，直到通知他们的家长〔master〕The man who serves as the head of a household.家长，一家之主：作为一家之主的男人〔parent〕The Usage Panel is better disposed to accept the verbparent than in previous surveys, though a majority continues to find it unacceptable.In 1968 it was acceptable to only 19 percent of the Panel;in the most recent survey45 percent accepted it in the sentenceIn looking for foster homes, we give preference first to relatives and second to families with prior experience in parenting. · The use of the verbparent to mean "act as a parent to" is not entirely new:it occurs as early as 1884 in a metaphorical context.But its use in a literal sense with respect to children is a recent development and reflects a modern reconceptualization of family life.The word is not completely synonymous with the traditional expressionraise a child, though the precise nature of the differences may depend on the context.For some speakers,use of the word suggests a self-conscious shift from child to parent as the focus of the parental relationship,and it may be this implication that feeds critical reservations about the verb.But the usage also reflects a widespread practical realizationthat the activities required of a parent extend well beyond the direct interactionwith the child emphasized inchild raising. Thus theparenting classes for young parents offered by schools and state agencies encompass not only the activities traditionally associated with raising a childbut also topics such as personal self-sufficiency, household financial management, and methods of dealing with schools and health care agencies.See Usage Note at father 用法小组比以往更倾向于接受动词parent 了， 虽然还有大部分人觉得不可接受。1968年仅有19％的小组成员认同这种用法；在最近的调查中，有45％的人接受了它,如在：在寻找收养家庭时，我们首先选孩子的亲戚，其次是有过养育孩子经历的家庭 这样的句子中的用法。 Parent 的意为“做…的父（母）”动词用法， 并不完全是个新用法：早在1884年，在一个比喻性的文章中就出现过了。但就孩子这方面而言，它的本义是近期发展的结果并反映了现代家庭生活的观念。这个词并不与习语 raise a child 完全同义， 尽管不同之处确切的性质可能取决于说话背景。但对一些人来说，使用这个词暗含一个把家长的关系作为重点的自觉的从孩子到父母的转换，也许正是这个隐含的用意引起了关于这个动词批评性的保留。然而，这个用法也反映了广泛的现实认识，即要求父母的活动扩展到超出直接与孩子的相互作用，这个相互作用在 child raising 这个短语中有所强调。 因此，由学校和国家专门部门向年轻家长提供的 parenting 课， 不仅包括传统上与抚养孩子有关的事务，而且还包括诸如个人自给自足、家庭财政管理和同学校和保健部门打交道的方法等课题 参见 father〔cave〕The school committee finally caved in to the demands of parents and teachers.学校委员会终于屈从于家长和老师的要求〔R〕A movie rating that allows admission only to persons of a certain age, usually 17, unless accompanied by a parent or guardian.R级，电影的限制级：一种电影分级，允许一定年龄以下（通常为17岁）的人在家长或保护人陪同下才能观看〔caregiver〕An individual, such as a parent, foster parent, or head of a household, who attends to the needs of a child or dependent adult.关心者，操心者：具有照料小孩或未独立成人的需要的个人，如家长，养父（母）或户主〔enact〕enacted the part of the parent.扮演家长的角色〔patriarchal〕Of, relating to, or characteristic of a patriarch.家长的，族长的：关于某个家长或族长的，与其有关的或具有其特性的〔patriarch〕A man who rules a family, clan, or tribe.家长，族长，酋长：统治家庭、家族或部落的男子〔Marryat〕British naval officer and writer whose works include the novelMr. Midshipman Easy (1834-1836) and the children's book Masterman Ready (1841). 马里亚特，弗雷德里克：(1792-1848) 英国海军军官和作家，作品包括小说《海军候补生伊齐先生》 （1834-1836年）和儿童读物 《家长莱帝》 （1841年） 〔titular〕the titular head of the family.家庭名义上的家长〔patriarchal〕Ruled by a patriarch:家长（或族长）统治的：〔PTA〕Parent Teacher Association.家长教师联谊会〔bring〕 When the relevant point of focus is not the place of speaking itself,the difference obviously depends on the context.We can say eitherThe labor leaders brought or took their requests to the mayor's office, depending on whether we want to describe things from the point of view of the labor leaders or the mayor.Perhaps for this reason, the distinction betweenbring and take has been blurred in some areas; a parent may say of a child, for example, 当注意的相关点不再指说话人所在处时，显然是靠上下文来判断。我们可以说The labor leaders brought 或 took their requests to the mayor's office（工会领导带着他们的要求去市长办公室）， 这取决于我们叙述事情是从工会领导的角度还是从市长的角度出发。也许由于这个原因，bring 和 take 之间的区别在一些地区不是很明显； 例如，家长可以说他的孩子： 〔careworn〕the parent's careworn face.See Synonyms at haggard 家长愁云密布的脸 参见 haggard〔play〕a parent who played off one child against another.让一个孩子与另一个孩子相斗的家长 |
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