| 单词 | 密度 |
| 释义 | 〔nephelometer〕An apparatus used to measure the size and concentration of particles in a liquid by analysis of light scattered by the liquid.混浊计：通过分析扩散的光来测量液体中颗粒的大小和密度的仪器〔wane〕To decrease gradually in size, amount, intensity, or degree; decline.衰落：体积、数量、密度或程度的逐渐减小；衰退〔tenuity〕The quality or condition of being tenuous; lack of thickness, density, or substance.细：细、薄的性质或状态；缺乏厚度、密度或实质〔gas〕The state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by relatively low density and viscosity, relatively great expansion and contraction with changes in pressure and temperature, the ability to diffuse readily, and the spontaneous tendency to become distributed uniformly throughout any container.气态：一种区别于固体和液体的物体状态，有相对较低的密度和粘度，相对较高的随气压和温度改变的扩展度和收缩性，易于扩散，在任何一个容器内均匀扩散〔halftone〕A picture in which the gradations of light are obtained by the relative darkness and density of tiny dots produced by photographing the subject through a fine screen.照相（网目）铜版：一种照片，通过一个精制屏幕拍摄一个物体，由此产生光点的不同亮度和密度，从而形成光的明暗变化〔parameter〕In recent yearsparameter has become the archetype for the borrowing of scientific terms into general usage and as such has occasioned a good deal of skeptical comment.Some of its new uses can be justified as useful extensions of the technical senses of the word.For example, the provisions of a zoning ordinance that limit the height or density of new construction can be reasonably likened to mathematical parameters that establish the limits of other variables.Therefore one can properly sayThe zoning commission announced new planning parameters for the historic Lamping district of the city. But other uses suggest that the writer has not understood the technical senseand has chosen it primarily as a way of injecting an aura of scientific precision into what would otherwise be a pedestrian communication.Thus there is no semantic justification for usingparameter as a general substitute for characteristic, as inThe Judeo-Christian ethic is one of the important parameters of Western culture, an example found unacceptable by 80 percent of the Usage Panel. ·Some of the difficulties with nontechnical use ofparameter appear to arise from its resemblance to the word perimeter, with which it shares the sense "limit,” though the two words differ in their precise meaning.This confusion doubtless explains the use ofparameter in a sentence such as U.S. forces report that the parameters of the mine area in the Gulf are fairly well established, where the wordperimeter would have expressed the intended sense more exactly. This example of a use ofparameter was unacceptable to 61 percent of the Usage Panel. 近些年来，parameter 已成为一个从科技术语借用到普通用法的原形， 同时也引起了大量的怀疑批评。它的某些新用法可被看作是该词科技含义的有益扩展。例如，某一区域性法规中关于新建筑高度或密度的条文能被合理地与制定其它变量限度的数学参量进行比较。因而，人们当然可以说地区委员会公布了历史上该城有名的灯区新计划方案 。 但其它的一些用法说明说话人还没有理解它的科技含义，并且选用了这个词主要作为给将是普通交流的东西注入一些精确的科学气息的途径。因此，用parameter 作为 characteristic 的一般等价词毫无语义上的合理性， 如在犹太教与基督教的道德规范是西方文化中重要的限制因素 ， 是80%的用法小组成员不接受的例子。Parameter 的非科技运用中的一些难点是由于它与 perimeter 都有“限制”的含义造成的， 尽管两个词的确切含义是不相同的。这种混淆无疑解释了parameter 在例如 美军报告说，海湾地雷区的环形防线设置得相当不错 的句子中的运用， 这里perimeter 可能会更确切地表达这种引申含义。 61%的用法小组成员不接受这个运用parameter 的例子 〔aerometer〕An instrument for determining the weight and density of air or another gas.气体比重计：测定空气或其他气体的重量及密度的仪器〔krypton〕A whitish, inert gaseous element used chiefly in gas discharge lamps and fluorescent lamps. Atomic number 36; atomic weight 83.80; melting point -156.6°C; boiling point -152.30°C; density 3.73 grams per liter (0°C). See table at element 氪：一种微白的惰性气体元素，主要用于充气灯和荧光灯。原子序数36；原子量83.80；熔点-156.6°C；沸点-152.30°C；0°C时密度每升3.73克 参见 element〔tantalum〕A very hard, heavy, gray metallic element that is exceptionally resistant to chemical attack below 150°C. It is used to make light-bulb filaments, electrolytic capacitors, lightning arresters, nuclear reactor parts, and some surgical instruments. Atomic number 73; atomic weight 180.948; melting point 2,996°C; boiling point 5,425°C; specific gravity 16.6; valence 2, 3, 4, 5. See table at element 钽：一种非常坚硬、密度很大的灰色金属元素，在摄氏150度以下能抗化学物质的强腐蚀。它被用来制造灯泡的灯芯、电解电容器、避雷针装置、核反应堆部件以及一些外科手术用的器具。原子序数为73；原子量为180,948；熔点为2,996°C；沸点为5,425°C；比重为16.6；化合价为2,3,4,5 参见 element〔drop〕To become less, as in number, intensity, or volume.减少：数量、密度或体积的减少〔downzone〕To reduce (density of housing or permitted expansion of construction) in a designated neighborhood:缩建：在一指定街区缩小（房屋密度或被允许的建筑物的扩建密度）：〔schlieren〕Regions of a transparent medium, as of a flowing gas, that are visible because their densities are different from that of the bulk of the medium.纹影法：透明的媒介区域，如可以看见流动的气体，因为它们的密度不同于媒介主体的密度〔drop〕A swift decline or decrease, as in quality, quantity, or intensity.下跌：在质量、数量或密度上的迅速下降或减少〔thin〕Not having enough photographic density or contrast to make satisfactory prints. Used of a negative.明暗对比低的：摄影密度不足或无法获得满意的照片。用于底片〔dense〕Having relatively high density.稠密的：有相对较高的密度的〔lipoprotein〕Any of a group of conjugated proteins in which at least one of the components is a lipid. Lipoproteins, classified according to their densities and chemical qualities, are the principal means by which lipids are transported in the blood.脂蛋白：一种复合蛋白质，至少一种成分为油脂。脂蛋白是根据其密度和化学质量进行分类而来的，并是脂肪进入血液的主要媒介〔hydrogen〕A colorless, highly flammable gaseous element, the lightest of all gases and the most abundant element in the universe, used in the production of synthetic ammonia and methanol, in petroleum refining, in the hydrogenation of organic materials, as a reducing atmosphere, in oxyhydrogen torches, and in rocket fuels. Atomic number 1; atomic weight 1.00797; melting point -259.14°C; boiling point -252.8°C; density at 0°C 0.08987 gram per liter; valence 1. See table at element 氢：一种无色，易燃的气体物质，在所有气体中最轻，而宇宙中最多用来生产合成氨和甲醇，提炼石油，氢化有机物质作为收缩的气体，用在氧氢焰熔接器和火箭燃料中。原子序数为1；原子量为1.00797；熔点为-259.14°C；沸点-252.8°C；零度时的密度是0.08987克/公升；原子价为1 参见 element〔grade〕A position in a scale of size, quality, or intensity.等级，级别：以尺寸，质量或密度衡量所处的位置〔contract〕Condense refers to a reduction in volume and an increase in compactness: Condense 指在体积缩小的同时密度上的增大： 〔downzone〕To reduce the permitted density of housing or the degree of proposed new construction in a designated neighborhood:缩小：缩小某一指定街区的允许住房密度或者规划新建建筑的密度：〔centroid〕The point in a system of masses each of whose coordinates is a weighted mean of coordinates of the same dimension of points within the system, the weights being determined by the density function of the system.质心：质量系统内一点，其重量坐标是该系统内同维数上所有点坐标的平均值，重量由该系统的密度值决定〔demography〕The study of the characteristics of human populations, such as size, growth, density, distribution, and vital statistics.人口统计学：对人口特征，例如数量、增长情况、密度、分布和人口动态统计等进行研究的学科〔forest〕Something that resembles a large, dense growth of trees, as in density, quantity, or profusion:林立：在密度、数量等上如森林般林立：〔contract〕Compress applies to increased compactness brought about by pressing or squeezing;the term implies reduction in volume and change of form or shape: Compress 适用于通过压或挤所导致的密度增大；这个词含有体积减小及形式或形状上发生变化的意思： 〔pyrheliometer〕Any of various devices that measure all the intensity of solar radiation received at the earth.直接日射中度计：一种用于测量太阳照射地球的密度的设备〔oxygen〕A nonmetallic element constituting 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume that occurs as a diatomic gas, O2, and in many compounds such as water and iron ore. It combines with most elements, is essential for plant and animal respiration, and is required for nearly all combustion. Atomic number 8; atomic weight 15.9994; melting point -218.4°C; boiling point -183.0°C; gas density at 0°C 1.429 grams per liter; valence 2. See table at element 氧：一种非金属元素，按体积算占空气的21%，它是一种双原子气体O2，存在于许多化合物如水和铁矿物中。它与许多元素化合，对植物和动物呼吸是根本必需的，几乎所有的燃烧都要求有氧。原子序数是8；原子量是15.9994；熔点是-218.4°C；沸点是-183.0°C；气体密度是0°C时一升为1.429克； 原子价是2 参见 element〔substance〕Air has little substance.空气的密度很小〔mount〕To increase in amount, extent, or intensity:增长：在数量、范围或密度方面增长：〔pycnometer〕A standard vessel used in measuring the density or specific gravity of materials.比重瓶：一种标准容器，用于测量物质的密度或比重〔water〕A clear, colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid, H2O, essential for most plant and animal life and the most widely used of all solvents. Freezing point 0°C (32°F); boiling point 100°C (212°F); specific gravity (4°C) 1.0000; weight per gallon (15°C) 8.337 pounds (3.772 kilograms). 水：清洁、无色、无嗅、无味的液体，H2O，为绝大部分植物和动物生命所必需，广泛用于所有的溶剂。冰点为零摄氏度(32华氏度）；沸点为100摄氏度(212华氏度）；标准密度为(4摄氏度）1.0000；每加仑(15摄氏度）重8.337磅(3.772公斤） 〔density〕The quantity of something per unit measure, especially per unit length, area, or volume.密度：某物每单位测度的数量，尤指每单位长度、面积或体积 |
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