| 单词 | 寓言 |
| 释义 | 〔phantasmagoria〕allégorie [allegory, allegorical visual representation] from Old French [allegory] from Latin allēgoria * see allegory allégorie [寓言，象征性的视觉体现] 源自 古法语 [寓言，象征] 源自 拉丁语 allēgoria * 参见 allegory〔allegory〕A literary, dramatic, or pictorial device in which characters and events stand for abstract ideas, principles, or forces, so that the literal sense has or suggests a parallel, deeper symbolic sense.寓言，讽喻：一种文学、戏剧或绘画的艺术手法，其中人物和事件代表抽象的观点、原则或支配力，从而使表面含义含有或表达一种对等的，但更深刻的象征意义〔chanticleer〕from Old French chantecler [the name of the rooster in the tale of Reynard the Fox] 源自 古法语 chantecler [寓言《狐狸故事》中雄鸡的名字] 〔malaprop〕"She's as headstrong as an allegory on the banks of the Nile" and "He is the very pineapple of politeness" are two of the statements from the mouth of Mrs. Malapropthat helped her name become synonymous with ludicrous misuse of language.Mrs. Malaprop, a character in Richard Brinsley Sheridan's playThe Rivals, produced in 1775, consistently uses language malapropos,that is, inappropriately.The wordmalapropos comes from the French phrase mal à propos, made up ofmal, "badly,” à, "to,” and propos, "purpose, subject,” and literally means "badly to the purpose,” or "inappropriate.” The Rivals was a popular play, and Mrs. Malaprop became enshrined in a common noun,first in the formmalaprop and later inmalapropism, which is first recorded in 1849.Perhaps that is what Mrs. Malaprop fearedwhen she said "An aspersion upon my parts of speech" and "If I reprehend any thing in this world,it is the use of my oracular tongue,and a nice derangement of epitaphs!”“她与尼罗河堤岸上的寓言一样顽固”和“他正是礼貌的菠萝”是从马勒普罗太太嘴里说出的两句话。她的这张嘴使她的名字成为荒唐地错用语言的代名词。1775 年，理查德·布林斯利·夏里丹写成了剧本情敌 ，马勒普罗太太就是这剧中的一个人物。 她不断地误用词语，即遣词造句不当。单词malapropos 来源于法语短语 mal _ propos， 构成是mal， “坏地”， _ “对于”和 propos， “目的，目标”结合起来，意指“对于目标不适当地”或“不恰当的”。 情敌 是一部很受欢迎的戏剧， 马勒普罗太太逐渐演变成一个大家都接受的名词。这个名词一开始的形式是malaprop ， 后来变成malapropism， 最早的记载是在1849年。可能使马勒普罗太太最为担心的，是当她说“对我部分言语所进行的诽谤”和“如果我还对这个世界上的任何事物能理解的话，那就是我玄妙的言语运用，以及墓志铭上那美妙的错乱!”〔Melville〕American writer whose experiences at sea provided the factual basis of his allegorical masterpieceMoby Dick (1851), considered among the greatest American novels. His other works include short stories, such as "Bartleby the Scrivener" (1856), and the novella Billy Budd (published 1924). 梅尔维尔，赫尔曼：(1819-1891) 美国作家，以其海上经历为事实依据写成其寓言杰作《白鲸》 （1851年），这部小说被认为是美国最伟大的小说之一。他其他的作品包括短篇小说，如《书记员巴特子比》(1856年）以及中篇小说 《比利·巴德》 （1924年出版） 〔Hafiz〕Persian poet whose sensuous rhyming couplets, many of which concern love, wine, and nature, are traditionally interpreted allegorically by Sufic Moslems.哈菲兹：波斯诗人，其诗多为押韵华美的两行诗体，其中许多描写爱情，美酒和大自然，苏菲派穆斯林因循传统地对它们作了寓言式阐释〔fabulous〕from fābula [fable] * see fable 源自 fābula [寓言] * 参见 fable〔fabulist〕A composer of fables.寓言家：寓言的创作者〔fabulous〕Told of or celebrated in fables or legends.以寓言方式的：在寓言或传说中讲到或产生的〔allegorize〕To express as or in the form of an allegory:使寓言化：以寓言或以寓言的形式表述：〔Midrash〕Any of a group of Jewish commentaries on the Hebrew Scriptures compiled betweena.d. 400 and 1200 and based on exegesis, parable, and haggadic legend. 米德拉西：犹太人对希伯来《圣经》的讲解布道书，编纂于公元 400年到1200年之间，根据对《圣经》词句的评注、寓言以及犹太教法典中的传说而写成 〔allegorize〕sculptors who rendered the moral world by allegorizing.以寓言手法表现人类精神世界的雕塑家〔allegory〕from allēgorein [to interpret allegorically] 源自 allēgorein [寓言式地解释] 〔parable〕A simple story illustrating a moral or religious lesson.格言，寓言：一种讲明道德或宗教的浅显的故事〔Mandeville〕Dutch-born British physician, philosopher, and satirist whose major work,The Fable of the Bees (1714), depicts all activity as being motivated by self-interest. 曼德维尔，伯纳德：(1670?-1733) 荷兰裔英国的医生、哲学家和讽刺作家，其主要著作《蜜蜂寓言》 （1714年），记述了为利己主义所驱动而作出的所有活动 〔fable〕A usually short narrative making an edifying or cautionary point and often employing as characters animals that speak and act like human beings.寓言：一种通常短小的故事，用来表示启发或谨慎的观点，常利用说话或有人的行为的动物为角色〔Rubens〕Flemish painter. A master of the baroque, he executed many portraits and exuberant works of allegorical, historical, and religious themes, includingDescent from the Cross (1611-1614). 鲁本斯，彼得·保罗：(1577-1640) 法兰德斯画家，巴罗克艺术代表。他绘制了许多肖像画和以寓言，历史宗教为主题的作品，包括《基督下十字架》 （1611-1614年） 〔Gower〕English poet who wrote allegorical, didactic works, such asVox Clamantis (1382?-1384), in Latin, French, and English. 高尔，约翰：(1325?-1408) 英国诗人，他用拉丁语，法语和英语写了一些寓言和说教作品，如《沉思者之镜》 （1382？-1384年） 〔fabliau〕from Old French fablel [diminutive of] fable [fable] * see fable 源自 古法语 fablel fable的小后缀 [寓言] * 参见 fable〔enigma〕from ainos [fable] 源自 ainos [寓言] 〔exemplum〕A brief story used to make a point in an argument or to illustrate a moral truth.寓言：用来表明一种道德或支持一种论证的简短的故事〔bestiary〕A medieval collection of stories providing physical and allegorical descriptions of real or imaginary animals along with an interpretation of the moral significance each animal was thought to embody. A number of common misconceptions relating to natural history were preserved in these popular accounts.动物寓言：一部中世纪故事集，用现实或寓言形式描写真实存在或想象中的动物，并赋予每一种被认为具体化的动物以道德意义上的解释。一些有关自然史的普遍错误概念被保存于这些流行故事中〔moral〕The lesson or principle contained in or taught by a fable, a story, or an event.寓意：包含在寓言、故事或事件中的；或被寓言、故事或事件教导的〔allegorize〕To use or make allegory:作寓言：运用或创作寓言：〔Lewis〕British writer and critic. His works includeThe Allegory of Love (1936) and a series of fictional books for children collectively known as The Chronicles of Narnia (1950-1956). 刘易斯，克（莱武）·斯（特普尔斯）：(1898-1963) 英国作家和文学评论家。著作包括《爱情寓言》 （1936年）和一系列儿童故事集，合称 《纳尼亚记事》 （1950年至1956年） 〔allegory〕A story, picture, or play in which this device is used. John Bunyan'sPilgrim's Progress and Herman Melville's Moby Dick are allegories. 寓言体小说，寓意画，寓言剧：运用这种寓言艺术手法而作的小说、绘画或戏剧。约翰·班扬的天路历程 和赫尔曼·麦尔维尔的 白鲸记 都是寓言体作品 〔fabulous〕Of the nature of a fable or myth; legendary.寓言的：寓言或神话性质的；传说的〔Phaedrus〕Roman fabulist who wrote a collection of fables based on those attributed to Aesop.费德鲁斯：罗马寓言家，他写了一部基于被认为是伊索所作的寓言集〔allegorical〕Of, characteristic of, or containing allegory:寓言的：以寓言为特征的，含有讽喻的：〔fabulate〕To engage in the composition of fables or stories, especially those in which the element of fantasy comes into heavy play:从事创作的：从事寓言或故事的创作，尤指那些掺入幻想的严肃戏剧：〔fabulist〕from Latin fābula [fable] * see fable 源自 拉丁语 fābula [寓言] * 参见 fable〔Calvino〕Italian writer of allegorical tales, such asThe Nonexistent Knight and the Cloven Viscount (1962), and science fiction, including Cosmicomics (1965). 卡尔维诺，伊塔洛：(1923-1985) 意大利寓言童话作家，作品有寓言童话如《虚构的武士和陷于困境的子爵》 （1962年）以及科幻小说，包括 《宇宙的喜剧》 （1965年） 〔Attar〕Persian poet and mystic whose masterpiece,Conference of the Birds, is an allegorical survey of Sufism. 阿特：波斯诗人及神秘家，其代表作《百鸟会议》 是一篇苏菲派的寓言式调查 〔Kauffmann〕Swiss-born artist known for her historical and allegorical paintings and her portraits of contemporaries. She was a founding member of the British Royal Academy of Arts (1769).考夫曼，安琪利：(1741-1807) 瑞士裔艺术家，因其历史画、寓言画以及为其同时代人的画像著名。她是大不列颠皇家艺术学院（1769年）的创立者之一〔apologue〕A moral fable, especially one having animals or inanimate objects as characters.寓言：道德寓言，尤指以动物或无生命物体作为角色的寓言 |
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