| 单词 | 将领 |
| 释义 | 〔Halsey〕American naval officer who during World War II led American naval forces to several important victories, including the Battle of Leyte Gulf (1944). On September 2, 1945, the Japanese formally surrendered aboard his flagship, the U.S.S.Missouri. 哈尔西，威廉·腓特烈：(1882-1959) 美国海军将领，在第二次世界大战期间他率领美军取得数次重大胜利，其中包括莱特湾战役(1944年），1945年9月2日，日本人在他的旗舰密苏里号 的甲板上正式投降 〔Early〕American Confederate general whose forces threatened Washington, D.C. (1864) but were ultimately defeated by Union troops led by Philip H. Sheridan (1865).厄尔利，朱巴尔·安德森：(1816-1894) 美国南北战争中南方邦联的将领，1864年率兵逼近华盛顿特区，但于1865年最终被菲利浦·沙利登所率领的联邦军队彻底打败〔Espartero〕Spanish general and politician who defeated the Carlists (1836-1839) and served as regent (1841-1843) during the minority of Isabella II.埃斯帕特罗，巴尔多梅洛：(1793?-1879) 西班牙将领、政治家，曾于1836年至1839年打败了卡洛斯派，在伊莎贝拉二世统治时任摄政王（1841-1843年）〔Lee〕American Confederate general in the Civil War. He won victories at Bull Run (1862), Fredericksburg (1862), and Chancellorsville (1863) before surrendering to Gen. Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox (1865).李，罗伯特·爱德华：(1807-1870) 美国内战时期南军将领，曾在公牛溪战役(1862年）、腓特烈斯堡战役(1862年）及钱瑟勒斯维尔战役(1863年）中大获全胜，后在阿波马托克斯向尤利西斯·S·格兰特将军投降(1865年）〔Forrest〕American Confederate general who was active at the battles of Shiloh (1862) and Chickamauga (1863). He was a founder and the first leader (1866-1869) of the Ku Klux Klan.福雷斯特，内森·贝德福德：(1821-1877) 美国南北战争时期南方邦联将领，在希洛战役（1862年）和奇克莫加河战役（1863年）中表现出色。创建了“三K党”并成为其第一位领导人〔Sickles〕American Union general and politician who helped acquire the site of Central Park for New York City.西克尔斯，丹尼尔·埃德加：(1825-1914) 美国联邦军将领和政治家，他帮助纽约城获取了中央公园的所在地〔Clark〕American general who was Allied commander in North Africa and Italy in World War II.克拉克，马克·韦恩：(1896-1984) 美国将领，在第二次世界大战时任北非和意大利的盟军司令〔Josephus〕Jewish general and historian who took part in the Jewish revolt against the Romans. HisHistory of the Jewish War is the major source of information about the siege of Masada (72-73). 约瑟夫斯，弗莱维厄斯：() 犹太将领、历史学家，曾参加犹太人反对罗马人的起义。他的《犹太战争史》 是关于马萨达围困(72-73年）的重要史料来源 〔Stark〕American Revolutionary general who defeated the British at Bennington, Vermont (1777).斯塔克，约翰：(1728-1822) 美国独立战争将领，在佛蒙特州贝宁顿击败英军(1777年）〔Cronje〕South African general active in both Boer Wars (1881 and 1899-1900).科龙涅，皮特·阿诺尔杜斯：(1836?-1911) 南非将领，是活跃于两次布尔战争中(1881年的1899-1900年）的人物〔Buckner〕American army officer who served in the Mexican War, then became a Confederate general in the Civil War. His sonSimon Bolivar Buckner, Jr. (1886-1945), commanded U.S. forces in Alaska and the Pacific sector during World War II and was killed in action during the assault on Okinawa. 巴克纳，西蒙·玻利瓦尔：(1823-1914) 美国陆军军官。曾参加墨西哥战争，内战中为南部同盟军将领。其子小西蒙·勃利瓦·巴克纳 (1886-1945年），在第二次世界大战中率美军在阿拉斯加和太平洋战区作战，在冲绳岛战役中阵亡 〔Lee〕British-born American Revolutionary general whose performance at the Battle of Monmouth (1778) brought about his court-martial and dismissal.李，查尔斯：(1731-1782) 英裔美国革命将领。因其在蒙默思战役(1778年）中的表现而被送上军事法庭，并被解职〔Conway〕Irish-born American Revolutionary general known for his role in the Conway Cabal, a conspiracy to remove George Washington from command of the Continental Army.康威，托马斯：(1735?-1800) 爱尔兰裔的美国独立革命将领，因参与策划剥夺乔治·华盛顿对大陆军统帅权的康威阴谋而著名〔Johnston〕American Confederate general in the Civil War. He was defeated by Ulysses S. Grant at Shiloh (1862).约翰斯顿，阿尔贝特·西德尼：(1803-1862) 美国南北战争时期的邦联军将领。他在希洛战役中(1862年）被尤利西斯·S·格兰特打败〔Beauregard〕American Confederate general known for his flamboyant personal style and dashing but not always successful strategic campaigns. He ordered the bombardment of Fort Sumter in April 1861.博勒加德，皮尔·古斯塔夫·图坦特：(1818-1893) 美国邦联将领，以其浮夸的个人风格和勇猛但并非百战百胜的战略运动而闻名。1861年4月他指挥炮轰萨姆特堡〔banner〕A piece of cloth attached to a staff and used as a standard by a monarch, military commander, or knight.旗，旗帜：君主、将领或骑士当做旗帜绑于旗杆上的一块布〔Freyberg〕British-born general and politician who led New Zealand forces in World War II and was governor-general of New Zealand (1946-1952).弗赖伯格，伯纳德·西里尔：(1889-1963) 生于英国的将领及政治家，他在二战中统帅新西兰军队，曾任新西兰总司令（1946-1952年）〔Crook〕American general who defeated the Sioux (1876) and subdued Geronimo (1883).克鲁克，乔治：(1829-1890) 美国将领，打败了苏族印第安人(1876年）并使杰罗尼莫投降(1883年）〔Byng〕British general in World War I and governor-general of Canada (1921-1926).宾，朱利安·赫德沃斯·乔治：(1862-1935) 第一次世界大战中英国将领和加拿大总督（1921-1926年）〔Eisenhower〕American general and the 34th President of the United States (1953-1961). As supreme commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (1943-1945) he launched the invasion of Normandy (June 6, 1944) and oversaw the final defeat of Germany (1945). His presidency was marked by an end to the Korean War (1953), domestic racial problems, cold war with the Soviet Union, and a break in diplomatic relations with Cuba (1961).艾森豪威尔，德怀特·戴维：(1890-1969) 美国将领，第34任美国总统（1953-1961年）。任盟军远征军最高司令时（1943-1945年）发动了诺曼底登陆（1944年6月6日），最终打败了德国（1945年）。任总统期间突出的事件是，终止了朝鲜战争（1953年），国内种族问题，与前苏联的冷战，中断与古巴的外交关系（1961年）〔Herkimer〕American Revolutionary general who led reinforcements toward the beseiged Fort Stanwix, New York (1777), but was ambushed and mortally wounded in the ensuing fight.赫基默，尼古拉：(1728-1777) 美国革命将领，他领导了对被围困的纽约斯坦维克斯要塞（1777年）的增援行动，但在随后的战斗中遭伏击，身受重伤而死〔Hampton〕American Confederate general in the Civil War who later served as governor (1876-1879) and U.S. senator (1879-1891) for South Carolina.汉普顿，韦德：(1818-1902) 美国南北战争期间南方邦联的将领，后来于1876-1879年担任总督， 于1879-1891年代表南卡罗来纳任美国参议员〔Caxias〕Brazilian general and statesman who commanded the Brazilian army that drove the Argentine dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas from Buenos Aires (1851).卡西亚斯公爵：巴西军队将领和政治家，1851年指挥巴西军队将阿根廷独裁者罗萨斯·胡安·曼奴埃尔赶出布宜诺斯艾利斯〔Hill〕American Confederate officer active in the Seven Days' Battle, the Second Battle of Bull Run, and the Battle of Antietam (all 1862). His charge began the Battle of Gettysburg (1863).希尔，安布罗斯·鲍威尔：(1825-1865) 美国内部时期南方联盟将领，曾参加“七天战役”、第二次布尔兰战役以及安提塔姆战役（都发生在1862年）。1863年他率部猛攻拉开了葛底斯堡战役的帷幕〔Wayne〕American Revolutionary general who was involved in numerous campaigns, including the Battles of Brandywine (1777) and Monmouth (1778). His seizure of Stony Point, a British defense post (1779), displayed the tactical audacity that gave rise to his nickname.韦恩，安东尼：(1745-1796) 美国独立战争将领，参加了很多战役，包括布兰迪万河战役(1777年）和蒙茅斯战役(1778年）。他对在英军防守地斯托尼波因特的夺取中(1779年）表现了战术上的大胆，也由此博得了他的绰号〔imperator〕Used as a form of address and salutation by soldiers to a victorious Roman general.凯旋将军：士兵对凯旋的罗马将领的称谓和问候形式〔Grant〕The 18th President of the United States (1869-1877) and a Civil War general. After his victorious Vicksburg campaign (1862-1863), he was made commander in chief of the Union Army (1864) and accepted the surrender of Gen. Robert E. Lee at Appomattox (1865). Grant's two-term presidency was marred by widespread graft and corruption.格兰特，尤利西斯·辛普森：(1822-1885) 美国第十八任总统（1869-1877年）和内战时期的将领。 在威克斯堡战役（ 1862-1863年）中获胜后，他被任命为联邦军队总司令（1864年）并接受了罗伯特·李将军在阿波马托克斯的投降（1865年）。其两届总统任期因普遍的贪污和腐化而遭到非议〔Longstreet〕American Confederate general. His delay in carrying out Gen. Robert E. Lee's orders contributed to the Confederate defeat at Gettysburg (1863).朗斯特里特，詹姆斯：(1821-1904) 美国邦联军将领。他因延误执行罗伯特·E·李将军的命令而导致邦联军队在葛底斯堡的失败（1863年）〔Estaing〕French naval commander who was sent to aid American forces in the Revolutionary War (1778). A royalist, he was tried and guillotined during the French Revolution.伊斯坦，查尔斯·赫克托耳·德：(1729-1794) 法国海军将领，在1778年美国独立战争时率舰队支援北美殖民地人民，在法国大革命时因涉嫌保皇而被斩首〔Scott〕American general. A hero of the War of 1812, he captured Veracruz, defeated Santa Anna, and captured Chapultepec during the Mexican War (1846-1848).斯科特，温菲尔德：( 1786-1866) 美国将领。1812年战争英雄，他在墨西哥战争(1846-1848年）中捉住了威尔科兹，打败了圣安纳，并擒住了盖普特皮克〔Egmont〕Flemish general and politician who refused to join William of Orange in a plan to overthrow Philip II of Spain but was beheaded nonetheless, precipitating a Flemish revolt against Spanish rule.埃格蒙特，拉莫尔德：(1522-1568) 佛兰德将领，政治家。因他拒绝参加奥兰治的威廉推翻西班牙腓力二世的计划被杀，但这件事加速了法兰德斯反抗西班牙统治的起义〔Johnston〕American Confederate general in the Civil War who surrendered to William Tecumseh Sherman in 1865.约翰斯顿，约瑟夫·埃格尔斯顿：(1807-1891) 美国南北战争时期邦联军将领，1865年向威廉·特康姆赛谢尔曼投降〔Arnold〕American Revolutionary general and traitor whose plan to surrender West Point to the British for 20,000 pounds was foiled when his accomplice John André was captured (1780). Arnold fled to New York and then to England (1781).阿诺德，本尼狄克：(1741-1801) 美国独立战争时的将领和叛徒，他（妄图）以20,000英镑将西点要塞出卖给英方的计划，遭到挫败时他与共犯约翰·安德烈被俘（1780年）。阿诺德逃往纽约接着逃亡英国（1781年）〔Caxias〕Brazilian general and statesman who commanded the Brazilian army that drove the Argentine dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas from Buenos Aires (1851).凯克西亚斯：巴西将领及政治家，曾指挥巴西军队把阿根廷独裁者朱安·曼纽·德罗萨斯赶出了布宜诺斯艾利斯（1851年）〔Schuyler〕American Revolutionary general of American forces in New York State who was relieved of his command after the British capture of Fort Ticonderoga (1777). He later served as a U.S. senator from New York (1789-1791 and 1797-1798).斯凯勒，菲利普·约翰：(1733-1804) 美国独立战争时纽约州军队的将领，在英军攻陷泰孔德罗加要塞后被解除职务(1777年）。他后来成为纽约州选出的美国参议员(1789-1791年及1797-1798年） |
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