| 单词 | 小伙子 |
| 释义 | 〔whelp〕An impudent young fellow.See Usage Note at adage 可鄙的人：厚颜无耻的年轻小伙子 参见 adage〔chaw〕The use ofchaw for chew , in both the verb and the noun, is remarkably wide in its U.S. distribution,occurring in pronunciations from New England south to the Gulf States,throughout the Midwest,and westward to Colorado and California.Chaw has a wide range of senses in regional expressions. One meaning of the verb is "to bawl someone out": He chawed her good. A Southern sense is "to get the best of someone in a bantering contest" or simply "to embarrass": "That compliment sort of chawed me" (Publication of the American Dialect Society).The nounchaw can mean "a twist of chewing tobacco" or "an attachment or hold (on someone)”; for example, a flirtatious girl in South Midland states is "tryin' to git a chaw on a feller" (Dialect Notes).In areas where Irish immigrants were seeking work at the turn of the century,chaw was a derogatory term for an Irishman. 在名词以及动词形式上以chaw 代替 chew 的用法， 在美国分得尤为普遍，就发音上来说出现在从新英格兰南到海湾各州，整个中西部地区，以及往西直到科罗拉多和加利福尼亚。Chaw 在地区用法上意义范围很广。 动词的一个意义是“痛骂，大声训斥”： 他把她狠狠了骂了一顿。 在南部它指“在互相取笑中占了某人的上风”或者简单地指“使难堪”： “那句称赞让我有些难堪” （美国方言协会出版物）。Chaw 用作名词可以指“一撮咀嚼的烟草”或者“（对某人的）爱慕或占有”； 例如，一个中南部的卖弄风情的女人 “设法让一个小伙子迷上她” （方言笔记）。在本世纪初爱尔兰移民们寻找工作的地区，chaw 是对爱尔兰人的贬称 〔feller〕A man or boy; a fellow.男子或男孩；小伙子〔boy〕a night out with the boys.与小伙子们在外共处的一晚〔helluva〕He's a helluva great guy.他是个非常了不起的小伙子〔youth〕A young person, especially a young male in late adolescence.青年，小伙子：年轻人，尤指处于青少年后期的男性〔boychik〕A boy or young man.男孩，年轻人，小伙子〔cub〕A youth, especially one who is inexperienced, awkward, or ill-mannered.愣头青，毛头小伙子：年轻人，尤指无经验的、笨拙的或举止粗鲁的年轻人〔Hawthorne〕American writer whose novels, such asThe Scarlet Letter (1850) and The House of the Seven Gables (1851), and short stories, including "Young Goodman Brown" (1835), are marked by elegant prose and moralistic and spiritual themes. 霍桑，内森尼尔：(1804-1864) 美国作家，他的小说以优美的文字、道德和精神为主题，如《红字》 （1850年）和 《七个山墙的房子》 （1851年）及“小伙子布朗”(1835年）等短篇小说 〔goatee〕When assessing American contributions to the English language and to fashion,let us not forget thegoatee. Early comments on this style of beard appear first in American writings,making this word an Americanism.Although the style raises few eyebrows now,the early comments were not favorable:"One chap's . . . rigged out like a show monkey, with a little tag of hair hangin down under his chin jest like our old billy goat, that's a leetle too smart for this latitude, I think.”This 1842 description, found in William Tappan Thompson'sMajor Jones's Courtship, also reveals the etymology of the word.The first actual recorded occurrence of the word, found in Daniel Lee and Joseph H. Frost'sTen Years in Oregon, published in 1844,also sounds disapproving:"A few individuals . . . leave what is called, by some of their politer neighbors, a ‘goaty’ under the chin.”当评价美国人对英语和其习惯的影响时，让我们不要忘记goatee 这个词。 关于这种样式胡子的早期评论出现于美国作品，这使这个词具有美国特色。尽管这个样式现在很少有人异议，但早期的评论却是反对的：“一个小伙子…打扮得象一只表演的猴子，留着一簇蓬乱的胡子，象一只大公羊，我认为这有点太滑稽了”。这是1842年威廉·塔潘·汤普森在《乔恩上校的求婚》 中的描写， 它也表明了这个词的词源。关于这个词最初的真实记录见于丹尼尔·李和约瑟夫·H·福斯特的《在俄勒冈的十年》 ， 出版于1844年，它也持反对态度：“一些人…留着一撮被他们礼貌的邻人称作‘山羊胡子’般的胡须”〔sprout〕"a tall blond sprout of a boy"(Anne Tyler)“一个金发碧眼的小伙子”(安妮·泰勒)〔boy〕An immature or inexperienced man, especially a young man.毛头小伙子：一个不成熟或无经验的人，尤指青年人〔bub〕Fellow. Used as a term of familiar address:小兄弟，小伙子：朋友。用于熟人间的称呼：〔bugger〕A fellow; a chap:家伙，小伙子：〔hobbledehoy〕A gawky adolescent boy.笨手笨脚的小伙子：长得高大笨拙的男孩〔lad〕A young man; a youth.年轻人；小伙子 |
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