| 单词 | 尽量 |
| 释义 | 〔hike〕To sit facing the sail and lean far backward and over the side of a small boat in order to keep the craft flat in the water.为保持小船在水中平稳，面向船帆而坐，身体尽量后仰，至船舷以外〔squeeze〕To manage to find time or space for.设法腾出，设法找出：尽量抽出时间或空间〔scrummage〕A Rugby formation in which the two sets of forwards mass together around the ball and, with their heads down, try to shoulder their opponents off the ball and kick it to their own team.扭夺：橄榄球运动中的一种阵式，有两列人围在球的周围，低着头，尽量把他们的对手撞开不让他们得到球并把球踢给自己的球队〔football〕A game played by two teams of 11 players each on a rectangular, 100-yard-long field with goal lines and goal posts at either end, the object being to gain possession of the ball and advance it in running or passing plays across the opponent's goal line or kick it through the air between the opponent's goal posts.橄榄球，足球：一种在由11位球员组成的两个队之间进行的运动，每队在两端带有球门线和球门柱的100码长的场地上占据一个长方形，目的是尽量控制球并带球前进或将球传过对方球门线或将球射入对门的二球门柱之间〔gruff〕Try to cultivate a less brusque manner.尽量去培养不那么粗暴的举止。〔Scottish〕Scottish is the full, original form of the adjective. Scots is an old Scottish variant of the form; Scotch is an English contraction of Scottish that at one time also came into use in Scotland ( as in Burns's"O thou, my Muse! guid auld Scotch drink!” ) but subsequently fell into disfavor.To some extent these facts can serve as a guide in choosing among the many variant forms of related words,such asScot, Scotsman or Scotswoman, or Scotchman or Scotchwoman, for one of the people of Scotland; Scots, (the) Scotch, or, rarely, (the) Scottish for the people of Scotland; andScots, Scotch, or Scottish for the dialect of English spoken in Scotland. The forms based onScotch are English and disfavored in Scotland, while those involving the full formScottish tend to be more formal. In the interest of civility, forms involvingScotch are best avoided in reference to people. But there is no sure rule for referring to things,since the history of variation in the use of these words has also left many expressions in which the choice is fixed,such asScotch broth, Scotch whisky, Scottish rite, and Scots Guards. Scottish 是这个形容词最完整，最原始的形式。 Scots 是这种形式的一种古老的苏格兰英语变体； Scotch 是苏格兰语的一个英语缩写形式并且苏格兰人曾用过( 例如波恩斯写过“喔你，我的灵感!最古代的苏格兰饮料!” )， 但后来就不令人喜欢了。在某种意义上讲这些事实可以帮助我们在那些有联系的各种变体中选择，例如Scot, Scotsman 或者 Scotswoman, 或者 Scotchman 或者 Scotchwoman, 来指定一个苏格兰的人； Scots, (the)Scotch, 或者，很少见的 (the) Scottish 来指定一个苏格兰人； 以及Scots, Scotch, 或者 Scottish 来指示在苏格兰讲的英语方言， 以Scotch 为基础的形式是英语在苏格兰不受欢迎， 但是包括完整形式Scottish 的那些形式趋向于更正式。 考虑到礼数时，带Scotch 的形式在指人时会被尽量回避的。 不过并没有一个固定的规则来指示事物，因为由于在使用这些字时不同变体的历史已经使许多表述方式固定下来了，例如苏格兰浓汤，苏格兰威士忌，苏格兰仪式 和 苏格兰卫兵 〔reach〕To try to grasp or touch something:伸手碰到，伸手去抓：尽量抓到或触到某物：〔all〕Being the utmost possible of:极度的，尽量的：尽…最大可能的：〔Hussein〕King of Jordan (since 1952). Since he lost control of western Jordan in the Arab-Israeli War (1967), Hussein has attempted to remain neutral in Arab-Israeli conflicts.侯赛因：约旦国王(1952年后）。自从1967年在阿拉伯-以色列战争中丧失对西约旦的控制权后，他在阿以冲突中一直尽量保持中立〔level〕I did my level best in math class.数学课上我尽量做得最好〔thusly〕Thusly was introduced in the 19th century as an alternative for thus in sentences such asHold it thus or He put it thus. The increasingly literary character of such uses ofthus may have facilitated coinage of the new adverbthusly, particularly by poorly educated speakers who were straining for a stylish effect.Early citations for the word indicate clear association with rustic or illiterate speech,and though the word has subsequently gained some currency in educated usage,it is still widely regarded as incorrect.In an earlier surveythe use of the word was judged unacceptable by a large majority of the Usage Panel.In formal writingthus can still be used as in the examples above; in other styles,expressions such asthis way and like this are more natural. Thusly 在19世纪时被作为 thus 的替代语使用， 如用在 Hold it thus 或 He put it thus 等句中。 thus 这些用法日益具有书面语的特点， 这可能促成了一个新的副词thusly 的产生， 这对那些受教育程度不高但又尽量追求文采的人尤其有用。这个词的早期引用清楚地表明了它与乡村或文盲语言的联系，尽管后来它在受教育的人中得以一定传播，但仍被普便认为是一种不正确的用法。早期进行的一次调查中，用法委员会小组绝大多数都认为这个词的使用是不能接受的。在正式的文字中，thus 这个词仍然能用于上面所举的例子； 在其它风格的作品中，this way 和 like this 等表达方式更为普遍 〔judgmental〕a marriage counselor who tries not to be judgmental.尽量不发表个人观点的婚姻问题咨询指导〔igg〕Igg, a shortened form of ignore, seems to have come into American speech from jive, the special jargon of Black jazz musicians in the 1930's. Its use has spread from the musicians' exclusive jargon into the Black communities of Northern U.S. cities. The reduction of a word to its initial syllable is a common source of slang or informal words, especially among groups of speakers who for reasons of exclusivity like to remain avant garde in their speech. Often such words come into general use, as in mike for microphone. Igg 一词作为 ignore 一词的简略语，可能是从20世纪30年代黑人爵士乐乐师的专业术语中进入美国语言的。该词从乐师独有的术语传入美国北部城市的黑人聚居区。将一个字缩短到它开头的几个字母是俚语和非正式用语的一个主要来源，有些语言圈的人为保持其独特性而尽量在语言上保持特殊，他们就常用这种方法。这种词语在生活中 经常使用，就象用 mike 代表 microphone 这个词 〔intention〕The executor tried to comply with the intent of the testator.执行人尽量遵照立遗嘱之人的意图。〔Sanforized〕A trademark used for fabric preshrunk by a patented mechanical process so as to minimize later shrinkage.桑佛瑞兹：一种用于纤维的商标，该织物用专利机械程序进行预缩整理以尽量减小以后织物的收缩程度〔know〕Please try to be, you know, a little quieter. How were we supposed to make camp in a storm like that, you know?请你尽量安静一点。你知道，我们在那样的暴风雨中怎么扎营呢?〔scene〕tried not to make a scene.尽量别当众吵闹〔overcome〕tried to overcome the obstacles of poverty.尽量克服贫穷的障碍〔snob〕Snobs look down at their inferiors,but at one timesnobs looked up at their betters.The wordsnob, the ultimate origins of which are uncertain, is first found in 1781in the sense "shoemaker, cobbler,”a regional and informal usage.The word is recorded around 1796in a slang usage particular to Cambridge University, "a townsman as opposed to a gownsman.”Both senses may have fed into the sense first found in 1831, "a member of the ordinary or lower classes.”Along with this sense went another (1838), "a person without proper breeding or taste.”From these two senses arose the sense first recorded in 1848, "a person who looks up to his or her social betters and tries to copy or associate with them.”We can see how this sense could blend into the other familiar sense,"one who looks down on those considered inferior" (1911).势利小人们都瞧不起不如他们的人，但有一段时间，势利小人只是羡慕地位比他们高的人。Snob 这个词最远的起源还不清楚， 它第一次出现于1781年，意为“鞋匠，补鞋人”，这只是一种方言和非正式用法。1796年左右的记录显示，这个词有一个专用于剑桥大学的俚语意思，“与贵族相对应的普通市民”。这两个意思都进入了它第一次出现于1831年的“普通或低下阶层中的一员”这个意思。这个意思与另一个意思平行(1838年）：“没有良好教养和品味的人”。从这两个意思发展来了“羡慕地位高于他（她）的人并尽量与之进行联系的人”这个意思，第一次记录于1848年。然后，我们就能发现怎样又从这个意思中派生出了其它我们熟悉的意思，即“瞧不起被认为地位比自己低者的人”(1911年）〔neat〕"We'll try to make this barn a little more shipshape" (Rudyard Kipling).“我们将尽量使这个船只更加井然有序” （鲁德亚德·吉普林）。〔square〕He tried to square himself with his parents.他尽量使他与父母关系融洽〔contract〕trying to compress my thoughts into a few words. Toconstrict is to make smaller or narrower, usually by binding or compression: 尽量把我的想法压缩成几句话。 Consitrict 指通常通过捆绑或压紧而变得更小或更窄： |
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