| 单词 | 屈折变化 |
| 释义 | 〔primitive〕Serving as the basis for derived or inflected forms:根词的：作为派生或屈折变化形式的基础的：〔ergative〕An ergative inflection.动者格屈折变化〔absolutive〕An absolutive inflection.主动格屈折变化〔case〕The form of such an inflected word.变形词：这样一个词形发生屈折变化的词的形式〔case〕A pattern of inflection of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives to express different syntactic functions in a sentence.词形变化形式：名词、代词和形容词在一个句子中表示不同的句法功能的词形屈折变化的形式〔inflect〕To give all of the inflected forms of a word; to provide a paradigm.词形变化形式：给出一个单词所有的屈折变化形式；提供词形变化表〔stalactite〕The wordsstalagmite and stalactite have confused many a person. A look into the history of the Greek sources of these two words may help.Both words can be traced back to the wordstalassein, "to drip,” which is appropriatesince both words denote deposits in caves formed by the dripping of mineral-rich water.The Greek base from whichstalassein was formed was stalak- and to this base were added several endings that concern us,specifically-ma, a noun suffix most frequently denoting the result of an action, -mo-, a suffix denoting the action of a verb as well as a result, and -to-, an adjective suffix forming verbal adjectives. With these suffixes and the addition of the inflectional endings, as well as a sound change from (k) to (g) before (m),we getstalagma, "that which drops, a drop,” stalagmos, "dropping, dripping of stalactites,” and stalaktos, "dropping, dripping.” Using these Greek words,Olaus Wormius formed the Modern Latin wordstalactītēs, the stalac- part meaning "dripping" and the-ītēs part being commonly used to name fossils and minerals when preceded by a form expressing a physical characteristic, in this case "dripping.” Wormius also used the termstalagmītēs, the stalag- portion expressing the notion of what drops, taken either fromstalagma, "that which drops, a drop,” or stalagmos, "dropping of stalactites.” Stalactītēs and stalagmītēs, of course, are the sources of our English words stalactite (first recorded in 1677), the formation on the tops of caves, and stalagmite (first recorded in 1681), the formation on the bottoms of caves. They have been causing trouble ever since.单词stalagmite 和 stalactite 令许多人混淆。 对这两个词的希腊起源历史进行研究可能会帮助理解。这两个字都能追溯到单词stalassein （“滴下”）， 这是很恰当的，因为两个字都表示洞里由富含矿物的水下滴而形成的沉积。形成stalassein 的希腊根源是 stalak- ， 在这个根源上加上几个与我们有关的词尾，特别是-ma （往往用来表示动作结果的名词后缀）， -mo- （用来表示动词的动作和结果的后缀）和 -to- （形成动词性形容词的形容词后缀）。 通过这些后缀和屈折变化词尾的添加以及在(m)前面由(k)到(g)的变音，我们得到了stalagma （“滴下的东西，一滴”）、 stalagmos “滴，滴下钟乳石”和 stalaktos （“落下，滴下的”）。 利用这些希腊字，奥罗斯·沃米斯组成了现代拉丁单词stalactites ， stalac- 意指“滴”。 而-ites 当由一个表示物理特征的形式开头时，通常用来表示化石和矿物，指“滴下”。 沃米斯也使用stalagmites ， stalag- 表示滴下的东西的概念， 源于stalagma （“滴下的东西，一滴”）或 stalagmos （“滴下的钟乳石”）。 stalacitites 和 stalagmites ，当然是我们的英语单词 stalactite （首次出现于1677年）即洞穴顶部的形成物和 stalagmite （最早记载于1681年）即洞穴底部的形成物的源头。 自那以后它们就常造成一些麻烦〔infix〕An inflectional or derivational element appearing in the body of a word. In the Tagalog wordsinulat, "written,” the infix -in- appears as the marker of a passive form that contrasts with the active form sulat, "write.” 中缀，中加成分：一个单词中表示屈折变化或派生关系的成分。在他加禄语中，sinulat 一词表示“书面的”，中缀成分 -in- 表示被动的形式，与主动形式的动词 sulat “书写”相对 〔desinence〕A grammatical ending; an inflection.词尾，后缀：语法的结尾；屈折变化〔formative〕A derivational or inflectional affix.构词成分：派生的或有屈折变化的词缀〔inflection〕A pattern of forming paradigms, such as noun inflection or verb inflection.词形变化的规则：形成词形变化的种类，如名词屈折变化、动词屈折变化 |
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