| 单词 | 工厂 |
| 释义 | 〔field〕An area or a setting of practical activity or application outside an office, a school, a factory, or a laboratory:实地，野外：办公室、学校、工厂或实验室以外的实践活动或应用地区或范围：〔loft〕A large, usually unpartitioned floor over a factory, warehouse, or other commercial or industrial space.（仓库，工厂的）楼上：工厂、仓库或其它商业或工业建筑物上层大的，通常未间隔开的楼层〔noise〕The din in the factory ends abruptly when the noon whistle sounds.当中午的笛声响起时，工厂里的嘈杂声顿时停止了。〔disparity〕"narrow the economic disparities among regions and industries"(Courtenay Slater)“缩小地区间和工厂间的经济差距”(考特尼·斯莱特)〔plant〕A building or group of buildings for the manufacture of a product; a factory.工厂：制造某一种产品的一座或一群建筑；工厂〔furlough〕A usually temporary layoff from work.暂时裁员：通常暂时的工厂裁员〔produce〕factories that produce cars and trucks.生产汽车和卡车的工厂〔minimal〕Under the strict interpretation ofminimal, this sentence should mean only "Alcohol has an unpleasant effect when I have eaten nothing.”If the looser interpretation is allowed, however,the sentence can also mean “ . . . when I have eaten a bit.”Presented with the sentence, 29 percent of the Usage Panel said that it could have only the "eaten nothing" (that is, the strict) interpretation;34 percent said that it could have only the "eaten a bit" (that is, the looser) interpretation;and 37 percent said that it could have either meaning.Thus the looser sense ofminimal is accepted by 71 percent of the Panel and must be considered acceptable in nontechnical use. · In an analogous shift,the verbminimize is often used to mean "to reduce,” an extension of its strict etymological sense of "to reduce to the smallest possible level.”This looser usage is the result of the imprecision that usually attaches to the use of the verb in most nontechnical contexts.When a manager announces thatThe company wants to minimize the risk of accidents to line workers, we naturally interpret the manager as meaning that the risk is to be reduced to the smallest level consistent with considerations of efficiency and cost,not that risks are to be reduced to the lowest level logically possible.Even when used with allowable imprecision, however, the verbminimize should carry some implication that the relevant quantity is reduced as much as could reasonably be expected in the circumstances.Thusminimize retains at least an approximately superlative sense and so is inconsistent with modification by adverbs such asgreatly or considerably, which imply that the verb is being used as a simple synonym forlessen or reduce. 若句中的minimal 的意思比较严格， 那么这一句就只能理解为“当我什么没吃时喝酒会搞得我很难受。”但是如果比较宽泛的词义得到承认，那么这一句同时也有“…当我吃过一点东西时”这层意思。百分之二十九的用法专题使用小组成员认为这一词只能当“什么都不吃”（即严格意义上的词义）来讲；百分之三十四的成员说它只有“吃过一点”（即宽泛一些的）词义；百分之三十七的成员说两种含义都可适用。所以minimal 宽泛的含义被用法专题使用小组的百分之七十一的成员接受。 与其相类似的是，动词minimize 经常被用来指“减少”， 是其“减少到最可能小的水平”的严格意义上的延伸。这一较宽泛的含义是非技术性文章使用这一动词的不精确性而带来的结果。当一个经理宣称公司试图将生产线上工人面临出事故的风险降至最低， 我们自然会认为经理的意思是工厂的事故风险将被降至一个同时又考虑效率和成本的最小程度，而不是逻辑上可以达到的最低程度。即使在可以允许不精确的程度内使用时，动词mininize 也应有一层隐含的意思， 即其相对数量已被减少到了情况所期望的合理的程度。这样，minimize 至少仍然保留着一种大致为最高级的意思， 因而它与这些副词如greatly 或 considerably 不能搭配使用， 因为这些副词暗示着这一动词被当成了lessen 或 reduce 简单同义词而使用 〔trolley〕A small truck or car operating on a track and used in a mine, quarry, or factory for conveying materials.小矿车，小贷车：在轨道上运行的小型卡车，且用在矿场、码差别或工厂运送物品材料〔cease〕The factory ceased production.See Synonyms at stop 工厂停产 参见 stop〔Krupp〕German family of steel and munitions manufacturers, includingFriedrich (1787-1826), who founded the Krupp Works in Essen (1811), and his son Alfred (1812-1887), who there began the production of ordnance (c. 1847). Alfred's granddaughter Bertha (1886-1957) and her husband Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach (1870-1950) were important in the secret rearming of Germany after World War I. 克鲁伯：德国的钢铁和军火生产家族，包括弗利德里希 （1787-1826年），他在埃森建立克鲁伯工厂（1811年），他的儿子 阿尔弗雷德 （1812-1887年），在那开始了军火生产（1847年）。阿尔弗雷德的外孙女 伯莎 （1886-1957年）和她的丈夫 古斯塔夫·克鲁伯·冯·波伦·哈尔巴赫 （1870-1950年），他们对于一战后在德国秘密地重新武装起了重要作用 〔burden〕The burden of economic sacrifice rests on the workers of the plant.经济上做出牺牲的负担落到工厂的工人们身上〔Raurkela〕A town of eastern India west of Calcutta. It has important iron and steel plants. Population, 206,821.罗尔克拉：位于印度东部的一城镇，在加尔各答的西部，有重要的钢铁工厂。人口206,821〔cogeneration〕A process in which an industrial facility uses its waste energy to produce heat or electricity.利用废能发电：工厂使用废能产生热或电的过程〔Bhopal〕A city of central India north-northwest of Nagpur. Founded in the early 18th century, it is an industrial and trade center. In 1984 a toxic gas leak at an insecticide plant killed more than 2,000 people. Population, 671,018.博帕尔：印度中部一城市，位于那格浦尔西北偏北。建于18世纪初期，是工业和贸易中心。1984年，一家杀虫剂工厂的毒气泄露导致二千多人死亡。人口671,018〔Friedrichshafen〕A city of southern Germany on the Lake of Constance. The Zeppelin aircraft works were located here during World War I. Population, 51,094.腓特烈港：德国南部一城市，临近康斯坦茨湖。一战期间齐柏林飞艇工厂位于此地。人口51,094〔Whitney〕American inventor and manufacturer whose invention of the cotton gin (1793) revolutionized the cotton industry. He also established the first factory to assemble muskets with interchangeable parts, marking the advent of modern mass production.惠特尼，埃利：(1765-1825) 美国发明家和制造商。他发明的轧花机(1793年）引起棉花工业的革命。他也建立了第一个用互换零件装配步枪的工厂，这标志着现代大生产的到来〔downtime〕The period of time when something, such as a factory or a piece of machinery, is not in operation, especially as the result of a malfunction.停工期：某事物，如工厂或机器等，不能正常运作的期间，尤指由发生故障造成的〔factory〕A building or group of buildings in which goods are manufactured; a plant.制造厂，工厂：生产商品的工厂或集团；工厂〔casual〕casual employment at a factory; a casual correspondence with a former teacher.工厂的临时雇佣人员；与先前老师的不定期通信〔maquiladora〕An assembly plant in Mexico, especially one along the border between the United States and Mexico, to which foreign materials and parts are shipped and from which the finished product is returned to the original market.组装工厂：墨西哥的一种组装厂，尤指那些位于美国和墨西哥交界地区的工厂。国外的材料和零部件用船运到这里，而制成成品后再返回原市场〔cripple〕a strike that crippled the factory.罢工使工厂陷于瘫痪〔alarm〕factory whistles sounding a forest-fire warning.. See also Synonyms at fear ,frighten 传达森林起火警报的工厂哨声 参见同义词 fear,frighten〔drudgework〕"This account . . . of decades of drudgework amid others' possessions is drudgework for the reader as well"(New Yorker)“读这篇叙述在别人工厂所做的数十年苦工的文章对读者来说也是份苦差事”(纽约人)〔mill〕A process, an agency, or an institution that operates in a routine way or turns out products in the manner of a factory:制造处，大规模出产品的部门：以例行公事的方式运作或如工厂般制造产品的机构或办事部门：〔smokeless〕smokeless factory stacks.工厂不冒烟的烟囱〔capacity〕factories operating below capacity.未满负荷运转的工厂〔operative〕A skilled worker, especially in industry.熟练工人：熟练工人，尤指工厂技工〔tool〕To provide an industry or a factory with machinery and tools suitable for a particular job.提供装备：为企业或工厂提供适合于某项具体工作的工具和装备〔effluent〕A discharge of liquid waste, as from a factory or nuclear plant.废物：废水的排出，尤指从工厂或核电站排出的〔Kelley〕American social worker whose investigations into Chicago factory conditions and child labor prompted legislative action against unsafe and unfair labor practices. She was a founder of the NAACP (1909).凯利，弗洛伦斯：(1859-1932) 美国社会工作者，她调查了芝加哥工厂的状况和童工劳动，促成了对不安全和不公平的劳工状况采取法律程序。她是NAACP（1909年）的创建者之一〔stem〕new industries springing up. 蓬勃兴起的新工厂 〔Greenfield〕A town of northwest Massachusetts north of Northampton. The first cutlery factory in America was established here in the early 1800's. Population, 18,666.格林菲尔德：美国马萨诸塞州西北的一个城镇，位于北安普敦的北部。19世纪早期，美国的第一家刀剪业工厂建立于这里。人口18,666〔Nathan〕American reformer who was a founder and director (1898-1917) of the National Consumer's League, which pressured industry by the threat of consumer boycotts to institute better working conditions.纳森，莫德：(1862-1946) 美国改革家，全国消费者联盟的创建者和领导者（1898-1917年），通过消费者抵制的威胁迫使工厂改善工作条件〔creamery〕An establishment where dairy products are prepared or sold.牛奶制品工厂；牛奶制品售货店：制作或出售牛奶制品的地方〔operation〕a factory in operation.正在运转中的工厂〔sawmill〕A plant where timber is sawed into boards.锯木厂：将木头锯成木板的工厂〔gasworks〕A factory where gas for heating and lighting is produced. Also called gashouse 煤气制造厂：一个用来取暖或照明的煤气生产的工厂 也作 gashouse〔retrofit〕To provide (a jet, an automobile, a computer, or a factory, for example) with parts, devices, or equipment not in existence or available at the time of original manufacture.以改进型设备装备：为（例如喷气机，汽车，计算机或工厂）提供在初始制造阶段不存在或不能得到的部件、设备或装备〔automate〕automate a factory.使工厂自动操作 |
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