| 单词 | 工程 |
| 释义 | 〔Roebling〕German-born American engineer who designed and began the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge, a project completed (1883) by his sonWashington Augustus Roebling (1837-1926). 罗布林，约翰·奥古斯都：(1806-1869) 德裔美国工程师，设计并创建布鲁克林索道桥，整个工程由其子华盛顿·奥古斯都·罗布林 (1837-1926年）完成(1883年） 〔consideration〕an honorarium given in consideration of her contributions to the project.为她在这项工程中作出的贡献而颁发给她的酬金〔Groves〕American army officer and military director of the atomic bomb project (1942-1947).格罗夫斯，莱斯利·理查：(1896-1970) 美国陆军军官，原子弹工程（1942-1947年）的军方指挥〔away〕toiled away at the project for more than a year.这项工程持续了一年多〔hang〕Budget problems hung up the project for months.预算问题使得该工程推迟了几个月〔NIMBY〕One who objects to the establishment in one's neighborhood of projects, such as incinerators, prisons, or shelters for the homeless, that are believed to be dangerous, unsightly, or otherwise undesirable.反对在临区建筑的人：反对在居民区周围建大规模工程的人，如发电厂、监狱或者贫民窟这些被视作危险的、不雅观的或者令人不快的工程〔want〕To wish to leave a project, a business, or other undertaking.想要出去：希望离开某项工程、业务或其他事情〔outline〕A preliminary draft or plan, as of a project or proposal.草案：初步的草案或计划，如工程或建议的草案〔kludge〕The wordkludge is not "etymologist-friendly,” having many possible origins,none of which can be definitively established.This term, found frequently in the jargon of the engineering and computer professions,denotes a usually workable but makeshift system, modification, solution, or repair.Kludge has had a relatively short life (first recorded in 1962 although it is said to have been used as early as 1944 or 1945) for a word with so many possible origins. The proposed sources of the word, Germanklug, kluge, "intelligent, clever,” or a blend ofklutz and nudge or klutz and refudge, do not contain all the necessary sounds to give us the word,correctly pronounced at least.The notions thatkludge may have been coined by a computer technician or that it might be the last name of a designer of graphics hardware seem belied by the possibility that it is older than such origins would allow.It seems most likely that the wordkludge originally was formed during the course of a specific situation in which such a device was called for.The makers of the word,if still alive,are no doubt unaware that etymologists need informationso they can stop trying to "kludge" an etymology together.单词kludge 不是“词源学家的朋友”， 有很多可能的来源，每一个都不能准确成立。这个词，经常在工程和电脑业的行话中找到，表示一个通常能工作但是临时凑合的系统、修改、解答或修理。作为一个有这么多可能的来源的词，kludge 却有一个相对小的年纪（1962年第一次有记载，尽管据说早到1944年或1945年就已经使用）。 该词被推荐的来源是德文klug, kluge “聪明的，灵巧的”， 或者klutz 和 nudge 的混合或 klutz 和 refudge 的混合， 没有包含能向我们给出这个词的所有必需的声音，至少是正确的发音。kludge 可能是由电脑技术人员杜撰的或者它可能是图形显示硬件的一名设计者的姓， 这些看法由于它比这些来源能允许的时间要早的可能性而被误解。看起来最可能的是单词kludge ， 最早是在需要这样的设备的特定环境中形成的。这一单词的制造者，如果还健在的话，毫无疑问意识不到词源学家需要此类信息，这样他们才能终止“临时搭配”成一个词源的努力〔Condon〕American physicist who participated in the Manhattan Engineering District atomic bomb project (1943-1945). During the 1950's he directed Air Force investigations of unidentified flying objects.康顿，爱德华·乌勒：(1902-1974) 美国物理学家，他参予了曼哈顿工程区原子弹工程(1943-1945年）。19世纪50年代期间他曾负责过空军对不明飞行物的调查〔engineer〕One who is trained or professionally engaged in a branch of engineering.工程师：受过某一工程分支职业训练的人〔bulwark〕werc [work] from Old High German * see werg- werc [工事，工程] 源自 古高地德语 * 参见 werg- 〔want〕To wish to join a project, business, or other undertaking.需要：希望加入某项工程、业务或其它事情〔apart〕funds set apart for the project.为这项工程拨出的资金〔anywhere〕The project isn't anywhere near completion.这项工程根本没有接近完工〔Newark〕A city of central Ohio east of Columbus. It is an industrial and processing center in an area marked by notable earthworks erected by the Mound Builders. Population, 44,389.纽华克：美国俄亥俄州中部的城市，位于哥伦布东部，是工业和加工业中心，所在地区有早期印第安人修的著名的“车部工程”。人口44,389〔Latrobe〕British-born American engineer and the first professional American architect. His works include the Baltimore Cathedral (1805-1818) and the chambers of the U.S. Congress and Supreme Court.拉特罗布，本杰明·亨利：(1764-1820) 英裔美国工程师和第一个美国专业建筑师。他的工程包括巴尔的摩大教堂(1805-1818年）和美国国会及最高法院的会议厅〔indispensable〕funds essential to the completion of the project;完成这项工程所必需的资金；〔stand〕The success of the project stands on management's support of it.这顶工程的成功依赖于管理部门的支持〔matter〕The construction will last a matter of years.这项工程将会持续一年左右〔Kennewick〕A city of southern Washington on the Columbia River west-northwest of Walla Walla. The Hanford Works, a nuclear plant built during World War II, is nearby. Population, 42,155.肯纳威克：美国哥伦比亚河上华盛顿州南部城市，在瓦诺瓦诺西北偏西方向。二战中建的核工厂汉福德工程在其附近。人口42,155〔profession〕the professions of law, medicine, and engineering.法律、医学、工程的职业〔work〕works Engineering structures, such as bridges or dams. works 工程筑构：工程结构，如桥或坝〔Kariba〕A lake of south-central Africa on the Zambia-Zimbabwe border. It is formed by theKariba Dam (completed 1958) on the Zambezi River, which supplies electricity to the copper mining region of north-central Zambia and to parts of Zimbabwe. The creation of the lake forced the relocation of about 50,000 people. 卡里巴湖：非洲中南部湖泊，位于赞比亚-津巴布韦的交界处。三比西河上的卡里巴水坝 （1958年完工）形成卡里巴湖，卡里巴湖向赞比亚中北部的采铜区以及津巴布韦的部分地区输送电力。卡里巴湖工程使得大约五万人迁居 〔Burnham〕American architect and city planner. He did his major work in Chicago, including the general design for the Columbian Exposition (1893) and several early skyscrapers.伯纳姆，丹尼尔·哈得孙：(1846-1912) 美国建筑师和城市规划大师。其作品主要在芝加哥，包括哥伦比亚博览会工程(1893年）和几个早期摩天大楼的设计〔gait〕The project went forward at a steady gait.工程正稳步进行着〔wash〕Don't worry: this project will come out in the wash.不要着急：这项工程会有好结果的〔Watson〕American telephone pioneer who assisted Alexander Graham Bell in his experiments and was the leader of research and engineering for Bell Telephone Company (1877-1881).沃森，托马斯·奥古斯都：(1854-1934) 美国电话先驱，在实验中辅助亚历山大·格拉海姆·贝尔并担任贝尔电话公司工程研究的领导者(1877-1881年）〔Field〕American merchant and financier who planned and oversaw the laying of the transatlantic telegraph cable (completed 1866).菲尔德，赛勒斯·韦斯特：(1819-1892) 美国商人及金融家，他设计并监督了横贯大西洋的电缆铺设工程（于1866年完成）〔then〕This project will take all our skill and then some.这个工程将采用我们所有的技术，而且远不止此〔bioengineering〕The application of engineering principles to the fields of biology and medicine, as in the development of aids or replacements for defective or missing body organs. Also called biomedical engineering 生物工程：工程原理对生物与医学领域的应用，如在发展对功能障碍或残缺器官的辅助和替代方面的应用 也作 biomedical engineering〔conspire〕factors that conspired to delay the project.凑在一起造成工程延误的因素〔laborious〕spent many laborious hours on the project.这项工程耗费了长期的艰辛劳动〔scuzzy〕"ran a scuzzy operation"(Myra MacPherson)“经营一个低劣的项目工程”(米拉·麦克菲尔森)〔line〕got a line on the computer project.得到关于计算机工程的信息〔legwork〕Work, such as collecting information or doing research in preparation for a project, that involves much walking or traveling about.外出收集情况的工作，外勤，跑腿活儿：一种需要走很多路或到处旅行的工作，如在某项工程的准备期间收集信息或调查研究〔Szilard〕Hungarian-born American physicist and biologist. A member of the Manhattan Engineering Project, he helped develop the first atomic bomb. Szilard was later opposed to the construction and use of all nuclear weapons and devoted himself to studying molecular biology.西拉特，利奥：(1898-1964) 匈牙利裔美国物理学家和生物学家。作为曼哈顿工程计划的一员，他帮助研制出第一枚原子弹。西特拉后来反对研制与使用所有核武器并致力于研究分子生物学〔Lesseps〕French diplomat and engineer who supervised the construction of the Suez Canal (1859-1869). He directed the company that began the Panama Canal (1878) but abandoned the project because of bankruptcy (1888).雷赛布，费迪南德·玛丽·德：(1805-1894) 法国外交官和工程师，曾监管苏伊士运河工程的营造(1859-1869年）。他组织成立了承建巴拿马运河工程的公司(1878年），后因破产而被迫放弃了该项目(1888年）〔Sheetrock〕A trademark used for plasterboard. This trademark often occurs in print in lowercase:"The instrument has three scales of sensitivity calibrated for detection of moisture in most building materials such as . . . sheetrock" (Mechanical Engineering). “ [It] is excellent for installing lights, installing ceiling tile, taping sheetrock . . . and other jobs" (Engineering News-Record). It also occurs as a verb: 石膏板：一种用于塑料板的标记，这个标记通常以小写印刷体出现：“该设备具有标定的三个级别的灵敏度，能探测出大多数建筑材料，例如…石膏板中的湿度” （机械工程）。 “ ［它］ 非常适于安装灯具、天花板瓦、固定石膏板…及其它工作” （工程新闻记录）。它 也作为动词出现： 〔hard〕a project that required years of hard work.一项需要多年艰苦劳动的工程 |
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