| 单词 | 已确立 |
| 释义 | 〔party〕Of, relating to, or participating in an established political organization:政党的，党派的：已确立的政治组织的、与之有关的或参与这种组织的：〔party〕Party is unexceptionable when used to refer to a participant in a social arrangement, as inShe was not named as a party in the conspiracy. It is this sense that underlies the legal use of the term,as when one speaks of theparties to a contract. The legal use has in turn led to the presence of the word in many fixed expressions,such asinjured party and third party. Butparty is also widely used as a general substitute for person, as inWould all parties who left packages at the desk please reclaim their property. This usage has been established for many centuries,but in the Victorian era it came to be associated with the language of the semieducated(theOxford English Dictionary describes it as "shoppy"), and it has been the subject of many later criticisms.This use ofparty may have been reinforced by its modern adoption by telephone operators. In other contexts,when used in earnest,it may be perceived as a superfluous variant forperson. But the jocular use of the term is well established,particular in references such asa wise old party. Party 用作指一项社会活动的参与者是很常见的， 如她不是这一阴谋的参与者。 正是这一意义构成了这一词的法律用法，如人们说及 parties to a contract 。 这种法律用法反过来又使得这一词出现在许多固定的短语中，如injured party 和 third party。 但party 也被广泛地用于对 person 的泛称， 如在所有将包裹放在桌子上的人请来认领他们的东西。 这种用法已确立了许多个世纪，但在维多利亚时代，它开始与受过部分教育的人的语言联系起来（牛津英语词典 把它描述为“三句话不离本行的”）， 并且它已成为后来许多批判家批评的对象。Party 的这一用法由于话务员的经常采用而被强化了。 在其它的上下文中，当用于严肃的场合时，它可以被视作是person 不必要的变体。 但这一词诙谐的用法确立已久，尤其在提及如一个精明的老人 时 〔fracture〕"a sudden and irreparable fracture of the established order"(W. Bruce Lincoln)“本已确立的秩序的突然而无法挽救的破裂”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔Untermeyer〕American writer and editor of poetry anthologies, includingModern American Poetry (first published 1919), which provided a medium for both established and emerging poets. 安特迈耶，路易斯：(1885-1977) 美国作家以及诗歌选集编辑，其编辑的诗集包括《现代美国诗歌》 （首次出版于1919年），该诗集为地位已确立的诗人和其他的诗人提供了一个发表诗作的场所 〔canon〕An established principle:准绳：已确立的原则： |
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