| 单词 | 巴黎 |
| 释义 | 〔Orly〕A city of north-central France, a suburb of Paris. Orly Field is a major international airport serving the Paris region. Population, 23,766.奥利：法国中北部城市，位于巴黎郊区。 奥利机场是服务于巴黎地区的一个主要的国际机场。人口23,766〔Franklin〕American public official, writer, scientist, and printer. After the success of hisPoor Richard's Almanac (1732-1757), he entered politics and played a major part in the American Revolution. Franklin negotiated French support for the colonists, signed the Treaty of Paris (1783), and helped draft the Constitution (1787-1789). His numerous scientific and practical innovations include the lightning rod, bifocal spectacles, and a stove. 富兰克林，本杰明：(1706-1790) 美国政府官员、作家、科学家和印刷业者。当他的作品《穷理查的历书》 成功之后（1732-1757年），他进入了政界并在美国革命中起了重要作用。富兰克林通过谈判说服法国支持殖民地、签署了巴黎和约（1783年）并帮助起草了宪法（1787-1789年）。他的众多的科学发明包括避雷针、双焦点的眼镜和暖炉 〔morgue〕from la Morgue [building in Paris used as a morgue] 源自 la Morgue [在巴黎用作停尸房的建筑] 〔Vichy〕A city of central France south-southeast of Paris. A noted spa with hot mineral springs, it was the capital of unoccupied France (under the regime organized by Henri Pétain) from July 1940 until November 1942 during World War II. Population, 30,527.维希：法国中部的一座城市，位于巴黎东南偏南。是著名的温泉疗养地，它在第二次世界大战时，从1940年7月到1942年11月期间是未占法国（亨利·贝当的统治下）的政府所在地。人口30,527〔Stein〕American writer of experimental novels, essays, and plays. In Paris during the 1920's she was a central member of a group of American expatriates, including Ernest Hemingway. Her works includeThree Lives (1908) and The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas (1933). 斯坦因，格特鲁德：(1874-1946) 美国试验小说、散文和戏剧作家。20年代的巴黎她是一群美国移居国外者的核心成员，这些人包括欧内斯特·海明威。她的著作包括《三个生命》 （1908年）和 《艾丽斯·B·托克拉斯自传》 （1933年） 〔Paris〕The capital and largest city of France, in the north-central part of the country on the Seine River. Founded as a fishing village on the Île de la Cité, Paris (then called Lutetia) was captured and fortified by the Romans in 52b.c. Clovis I made it the capital of his kingdom after a.d. 486, and Hugh Capet established it as the capital of France after his accession to the throne in 987. Through the succeeding centuries, Paris grew rapidly as a commercial, cultural, and industrial center. The city was occupied by the Germans in World War II from June 14, 1940, to August 25, 1944. Population, 2,149,900. 巴黎：法国首都和最大城市，位于该国中北部的塞纳河上，作为一个钓鱼村庄建于斯德岛，巴黎（那时叫作鲁提提亚）被罗马人于公元前 52年侵占并加强城防，克维一世于 公元 486年把它订为自己王国的首都，休·卡佩于987年继王位后把它修建为法兰西的首都，在接下来的几个世纪里，作为商业、文化和工业中心，巴黎发展得很迅猛，二战中，该城在1940年6月14日到1944年8月25日期间被德国占领。人口2,149,900 〔Diaghilev〕Russian ballet impresario whose Ballets Russes company, founded in Paris in 1909, featured the extraordinary talents of, among others, the dancers Nijinsky and Pavlova, the choreographers Fokine and Massine, the composers Ravel and Stravinsky, and the artists Léger and Picasso.达基列夫，谢尔盖·巴甫罗维奇：(1872-1929) 俄罗斯芭蕾舞团经理，其芭蕾舞团于1909年在巴黎成立，有许多特别的天才是其特色，其中有舞蹈家尼金斯基和帕瓦洛娃、舞蹈动作指导富基尼和马歇尼、作曲家拉威尔和斯塔维斯基以及美术家莱热和毕加索〔Hunt〕American architect who supervised an addition to the Louvre in Paris and designed an extension of the U.S. Capitol (1855) as well as the base of the Statue of Liberty.亨特，理查德·莫里斯：(1827-1895) 美国建筑学家，督造了巴黎卢浮宫扩建工程，设计了美国国会的扩建工程(1855年），还设计了自由女神像的基座〔bistro〕According to a popular story,bistro came into existence as a French word when Russian soldiers entered Parisian restaurants and cafés after the fall of Napoleon in 1815 shouting "bystro, bystro,” Russian for "quickly, quickly.” Bistros seem to have been named not for this desire for quick servicebut possibly for a commodity to be found in at least some of them,since the French wordbistro may be related to the word bistouille, "raw spirits, rotgut.” Another possibility is that the wordbistro comes from the dialectal word bistraud, "young cowherd.” In Standard French the term may have come to mean "wine merchant's helper" and then "an establishment selling wine.”Although the French wordbistro is first recorded in 1884, evidence for the English wordbistro is not found until the early 1920's. 根据传说，bistro 原是一个法国词而产生的，当1815年拿破仑失败后俄国士兵进入巴黎饭馆和咖啡店，就叫嚷着 "bistro，bistro，” 俄语的意思为“快点，快点”。 “酒馆”似乎是因这种要求快速服务的愿望而得名，但可能是源于在酒馆中至少可以找到的一种商品，因为法国词bistro 可能与另一个意为“生酒，劣等烧酒”的词 bistouille 有关。 另一种可能是bistro 一词来自方言 bistrand， 意为“年轻的放牛娃”。 在标准法语中该词可能指“酒商的助手”，后来指“卖酒的企业。”虽然法语bistro 一词在1884年最先有记载， 但英语bistro 一词直到19世纪20年代初期才有出现的迹象 〔headquarter〕The European correspondent will headquarter in Paris. 欧洲记者将她的总部设在巴黎。 〔Rouen〕A city of northern France on the Seine River west-northwest of Paris. Of pre-Roman origin, it was repeatedly raided by the Norse in the ninth century, became the capital of medieval Normandy in the tenth century, and was held by the English from 1418 to 1449. Joan of Arc was burned at the stake here in 1431. Population, 101,945.卢昂：法国北部塞纳河上一城市，位于巴黎西北以西。该市的历史可追溯到古罗马人统治以前的时期，它在9世纪时不断受到古斯堪的纳维亚人的袭击，10世纪时成为中世纪诺曼底的首都，并从1418年至1449年受英国人统治。圣女贞德于1431年在该市的火刑柱上被烤死。人口101,945〔Vincennes〕[vă’-sĕnʹ] A city of north-central France east of Paris. Its 14th-century castle was once a royal residence and later a state prison. Population, 42,870.[vă’-sĕnʹ] 樊尚：法国中北部一城市，位于巴黎以东，它的14世纪的城堡曾是皇家居住地，后来成为国家监狱。人口42,870〔Courbevoie〕A city of north-central France, an industrial suburb of Paris on the Seine River. Population, 59,830.库贝瓦市：法国中北部城市，是塞纳河上巴黎的工业区。人口59,830〔university〕The universe in the worduniversity is not the universe as we know it, thoughuniversity is derived from the ancestor of our word universe. This ancestor, Latinūniversus, was made up of ūnus, "one,” and versus, "in a specified direction.” Universus thus literally meant "in one specified direction" but actually meant "the whole of, entire,” and "regarded as a whole, regarded as a group.”Universum, the neuter singular of ūniversus, used as a noun, meant "the universe,”as did the derivativeūniversitās, which also meant "a corporate body of persons, community.” During the Middle Ages, when Latin continued to be used in areas such as government, religion, and education,the wordūniversitās was applied to the new corporate bodies of teachers and students, as at Salerno, Paris, and Oxford, that were the ancestors of our universities of today.Our worduniversity, going back to the Latin word, is first recorded around 1300, with reference to this corporate body.University 一词中的"universe"并不是我们所知道的宇宙这个词， 虽然university 是由我们的 universe 这个词的前身派生而来的。 这一前身，即拉丁文中的universus 是由表示“一”的 unus 和表示“沿着某一特定的方向”的 versus 构成的。 Universus 字面上的意思因此就是“沿着一个特定的方向”， 但它实际的意思却是“整个、全部”和“被视为一个整体的，被视为一个群体的”。Universum ，是 universus 的中性单数形式， 用作名词时指“宇宙”，同样派生词universitas 也指“一群个人的联合体，社团”。 在中世纪，拉丁文继续在诸如政府、宗教和教育等领域得到使用，universitas 这个词被用来指由教师和学生所构成的新联合体，比如在萨勒诺、巴黎和牛津出现的这种联合体， 而这类联合体即是我们今天的大学的最初形式。我们今天的university 这个词可以上溯到拉丁词， 它首次被记录下来是在大约1300年，当时就是用来指这种联合体〔fresh〕fashions fresh from Paris.直接来自巴黎的时装〔mix〕"a mix of mean streets and the grandest boulevards—no other place in Paris is as eclectic and eccentric . . . as the 17th"(Jean Rafferty)“简陋的街道与最豪华的巴黎林荫大道共存，巴黎市中没有其它地方能象十七区这样风格多样而奇特”(简·拉夫尔蒂)〔Samothrace〕An island of northeast Greece in the northeast Aegean Sea off the coast of European Turkey. The famedWinged Victory of Samothrace, now at the Louvre in Paris, was sculpted c. 200 b.c. and found on the island in 1863. 萨莫色雷斯：希腊东北部一岛屿，位于土耳其欧洲部分东北爱琴海海岸附近，现在藏于巴黎卢浮宫的著名的《萨莫色雷斯有翅胜利女神像》 于 公元前 3世纪雕刻，1863年在此岛发现 〔Lille〕A city of northern France north-northeast of Paris near the Belgian border. Founded c. 1030, it was the medieval capital of Flanders and is now a commercial, cultural, and manufacturing center. Population, 168,424.里尔：法国北部城市，位于比利时边界附近巴黎东北偏北部。建于1030年，是佛兰德领地中世纪的首都，现今是商业、文化及制造业中心。人口168,424〔different〕How different this seems than Paris suggests that the object of comparison is something like "the way things were in Paris" or "what happened in Paris.” · 这儿与巴黎有何不同？这里比较的对象是“在巴黎的方式”或“在巴黎发生的事情”。 〔Fontainebleau〕A town of northern France southeast of Paris. Its chateau (built by Francis I) was long a royal palace and is now the summer residence of the president of France. The revocation of the Edict of Nantes was signed here in 1685. Population, 15,679.枫丹白露：法国北部一个小城，位于巴黎东南部。其城堡（弗朗西斯一世建造）是个历史悠久的皇宫，现在是法国总统避暑的官邸。1685年南特敕令的废除是在这里宣布的。人口15,679.〔Minnesota〕A state of the northern United States bordering on Lake Superior and on Manitoba and Ontario, Canada. It was admitted as the 32nd state in 1858. First explored by the French in the mid-17th century, the area became part of the United States through the Treaty of Paris (1783) and the Louisiana Purchase (1803). St. Paul is the capital and Minneapolis the largest city. Population, 4,387,029.明尼苏达州：美国北部的一个州，隔苏必利尔湖与加拿大马尼托巴省和安大略省相望。于1858年成为美国的第32个州。在17世纪中期法国人开始探索这一地区，后通过巴黎条约（1783年）和路易斯安那置地（1803年）成为美国的一部分。首府为圣保罗，最大城市为明尼阿波利斯。人口4,387,029〔Maupassant〕French writer whose works, mainly realistic short stories such as "The Necklace,” examine hypocrisy, madness, Parisian society, and peasant life in Normandy.莫泊桑，（亨利·阿尔贝特）盖伊·德：(1850-1893) 法国作家，其作品以现实主义短篇小说为主，如“项链”，考察了巴黎社会的虚伪和疯狂，描绘了诺曼底的农民生活〔osmosis〕learned French by osmosis while residing in Paris for 15 years.居住在巴黎的十五年中已经潜移默化地学习了法语〔corner〕the four corners of the earth; a beautiful little corner of Paris.世界各地；巴黎美丽的一隅〔apache〕A member of the Parisian underworld.强盗，流氓：巴黎黑社会中的成员〔Sarcelles〕A city of north-central France, a residential suburb of Paris. Population, 53,630.塞勒斯：法国中北部一城市，是巴黎的城郊住宅区。人口53,630〔moulage〕The making of such a mold or cast, as with plaster of Paris.制印模：用石膏对这种模型或模子的制作, 如用巴黎的石膏〔Amiens〕A city of northern France on the Somme River north of Paris. Settled in pre-Roman times, it has been a textile center since the Middle Ages. The city's Gothic cathedral is the largest church in France. Population, 131,332.亚眠：法国北部城市，位于巴黎以北索姆河沿岸。其建于罗马以前的时代，中世纪以来一直是纺织中心，城市里的哥特式教堂是法国最大的教堂，人口131,332〔wonder〕saw the wonders of Paris;看见巴黎的奇迹；〔Estienne〕French family of printers, includingHenri (1460?-1520), who established the family business in Paris (c. 1505); his son Robert (1503-1559), who published Latin (1523) and Greek (1550) New Testaments and a Latin dictionary (1532); and his grandson Henri (1528-1598), who published ancient Greek works and his own Greek dictionary (1572). 艾蒂安纳：法国出版商家族，包括亨利 （1460?-1520年），曾于约1505年开始在巴黎创办家族产业；他的儿子 罗伯特 （1503-1559年），曾于1523年出版拉丁文《圣经》，于1550年出版希腊文《新约全书》，于1532年出版《拉丁语词典》；还有他的孙子 亨利 （1528-1598年），曾出版古希腊著作和他自己的《希腊语词典》(1572年） 〔Colombes〕A city of north-central France, an industrial suburb of Paris on the Seine River. Population, 78,777.科伦布：法国中北部一城市，位于塞纳河上，巴黎工业郊区。人口78,777〔Sue〕French writer known for his sensational novels that depict the sordid side of city life, includingThe Mysteries of Paris (1842-1843). 苏，尤金：(1804-1857) 法国作家，以形象地描写城市生活阴暗面的长篇小说著称，作品包括《巴黎的秘密》 （1842-1843年） 〔Flanner〕American journalist who was the Paris correspondent for theNew Yorker (1925-1975) and published several volumes of her collected essays. 弗兰纳，珍尼特：(1892-1978) 美国记者，曾任《纽约人》 （1925-1975年）驻巴黎的通讯员，出版过几卷论文集 〔Troyes〕A city of northeast France on the Seine River east-southeast of Paris. A pre-Roman town, it was a prosperous commercial center in the Middle Ages and was noted for its annual fairs, which set standards of weights and measures for all of Europe. Population, 63,581.特鲁瓦：法国东北部一城市，位于塞纳河畔、巴黎东南偏东。前罗马统治的小镇，在中世纪是一个繁华的商业中心，并以每年一度的集市而闻名，该集市为全欧洲设定了度量衡标准。人口63,581〔swath〕"the surprising 17th Arrondissement, which cuts a generous swath across northwest Paris"(Jean Rafferty)“占据巴黎西北大片地区的令人惊讶的第十七区”(简·拉夫尔蒂)〔Heine〕German writer who lived in Paris after 1831. His romantic poems and social essays are marked by his love for the German land and people and derision for many modern German institutions.海涅，亨利希：(1797-1856) 德国作家，自1831年之后生活在巴黎。他的浪漫主义诗歌及社会论文充满了他对自己祖国土地和人民的热爱，对众多德国现代研究机构的嘲笑〔spend〕spent their vacation in Paris.在巴黎度过他们的假期〔Nadar〕French photographer known for his aerial views of Paris and his portraits of figures in the arts, including Edouard Manet and Charles Baudelaire.纳达：法国摄影家，因其拍摄的巴黎空中照片和艺术人物的肖像，包括爱多艾德·马奈和查尔斯·波德莱尔，而闻名〔Hemingway〕American writer. A World War I ambulance driver, journalist, adventurer, and expatriate in Paris during the 1920's, he wrote short stories and novels, such asThe Sun Also Rises (1926), For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), and The Old Man and the Sea (1952), that concern courageous, lonely characters and are marked by his terse literary style. He won the 1954 Nobel Prize for literature. 海明威，欧内斯特·米勒：(1899-1961) 美国作家。第一次世界大战期间先后做过救护车司机、新闻记者、探险家和被驱逐者，本世纪20年代移居巴黎从事短篇小说和小说的写作，作品有《太阳照样升起》 （1926年）， 《表钟为谁鸣》 （1940年），及 《老人与海》 （1952年）等，作品大都描写英勇无畏而孤独的人物，带有精炼的文学风格。他1954年获诺贝尔文学奖 〔Argenteuil〕A city of northern France, a residential and industrial suburb of Paris on the Seine River. It grew around a convent founded by Charlemagne in the seventh century. Population, 95,347.阿让特伊：法国北部的一座城市，位于塞纳河畔。是巴黎居住及工业区。它围绕着7世纪由查理大帝建立的一座女修道院发展起来。人口95,347 |
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