| 单词 | 布鲁斯 |
| 释义 | 〔gird〕"Men still spoke of peace but girded more sternly for war"(W. Bruce Lincoln)“人类仍然谈论和平但却为战争作了更坚定的准备”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔shambles〕"The economy was in a shambles"(W. Bruce Lincoln)“经济处于混乱状态”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔Catton〕American historian and editor who wrote extensively on the Civil War and edited (1954-1959)American Heritage magazine. 凯通，（查尔斯）布鲁斯：(1899-1978) 美国历史学家及编辑，著有大量关于美国内战的作品，主编（1954-1959年）《美国遗产》 杂志 〔Bobruisk〕A city of west-central European U.S.S.R. southeast of Minsk. It was founded in the 16th century. Population, 223,000.波布鲁斯科：位于欧洲中西部的苏联城市，在明斯克城东南。建于16世纪。人口223,000〔Bannockburn〕A town of central Scotland north-northeast of Glasgow on theBannock River, a tributary of the Forth. It was the site of Robert the Bruce's defeat of the English under Edward II on June 23, 1314. 班诺克本：苏格兰中部一镇，位于格拉斯哥东北偏北的班诺克河畔， 该河为福斯河的一个支流。1314年6月23日，布鲁斯的罗伯特在此打败了爱德华二世领导下的英国军队 〔sneak〕"In the dressing room beforehand, while the NBC technician was making me up, Jesse Jackson snuck up behind me and began playfully powdering my face" (Bruce Babbitt). “在后面的化妆室中，当国家广播电台的技术人员正在为我化妆，杰西·杰克逊悄悄地溜到我身后，开始嬉皮笑脸地给我脸上打粉” （布鲁斯·巴比特）。 〔Ledbetter〕American folk and blues musician. Ledbetter was a traveling musician and laborer until his discovery by the musical archivists John and Alan Lomax, who brought his work to national attention (1934).莱德贝特，胡迪娅：(1885?-1949) 美国民歌及布鲁斯音乐家。莱德贝特原来是一位巡游歌手及体力劳动者，后被音乐制作人约翰和阿伦·隆麦克斯发现，并使他的作品受到全国注意(1934年）〔enormity〕"Beyond that,[Russia's] sheer enormity offered a defense against invaders that no European nation enjoyed" (W. Bruce Lincoln)“除此之外，仅[俄国] 广阔的疆域就为它自己提供了没有哪个欧洲国家能享用的抵制侵略者的防御能力” (W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔Bruce〕American political leader who was the first Black politician to serve a full term in the U.S. Senate (1875-1881).布鲁斯，布兰奇·凯尔索：(1841-1898) 美国政界领袖，第一个在美国参议院任满期的黑人政治家(1875-1881年）〔funk〕A type of popular music combining elements of jazz, blues, and soul and characterized by syncopated rhythm and a heavy, repetitive bass line.乡土音乐：一种综合了爵士乐、布鲁斯歌曲和爵士灵歌特性的流行音乐，以多切分音的节奏和低沉、经常重复的低音线为特征〔inflexible〕"Russia's final hour, it seemed, approached with inexorable certainty" (W. Bruce Lincoln).俄罗斯的最后时刻，好象到了最严峻的时刻 (W·布鲁斯·林肯）。〔Mathias〕American athlete who won two consecutive Olympic gold medals in the decathlon (1948 and 1952).马蒂亚斯，罗伯特·布鲁斯：(生于 1930) 美国运动员，曾连获两届奥运会十项全能冠军(1948和1952年）〔Bruce〕Australian physician and bacteriologist known for his description (1887) of the bacterium that causes undulant fever, or brucellosis.布鲁斯，戴维：(1855-1931) 澳大利亚医生和细菌学家，因解释了引起波型热或布氏杆菌病的细菌(1887年）而闻名〔brink〕"Time and again the monarchs and statesmen of Europe approached the brink of conflict"(W. Bruce Lincoln)See Synonyms at border “欧洲的君主和政治家们一次又一次濒临冲突的边缘”(W.布鲁斯·林肯) 参见 border〔bereft〕"Today's graduates seem keenly aware that the future is bereft of conventional expectations"(Bruce Weber)“现在的毕业生似乎敏锐地认识到了未来缺乏旧有的期望”(布鲁斯·韦伯)〔dark〕"the dark mysteries of Africa and the fabled wonders of the East"(W. Bruce Lincoln)“非洲黑色的神秘和东方的神话般的奇迹”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔Cortelyou〕American public official who served as the first secretary of the Department of Commerce and Labor (1903-1904).科特柳，乔治·布鲁斯：(1862-1940) 美国共和党官员，任劳工部第一任秘书（1903-1904年）〔fracture〕"a sudden and irreparable fracture of the established order"(W. Bruce Lincoln)“本已确立的秩序的突然而无法挽救的破裂”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔pall〕"A pall of depressed indifference hung over Petrograd during February and March 1916"(W. Bruce Lincoln)“沮丧冷漠的氛围笼罩着1916年二、三月的彼得格勒”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔proud〕"On January 1, 1900, Americans and Europeans greeted the twentieth century in the proud and certain belief that the next hundred years would make all things possible"(W. Bruce Lincoln)"1900年1月1日，美国人和欧洲人以一种自豪而坚定的信念迎接20世纪的到来，他们认为下一个一百年将使一切事情都成为可能”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔brucine〕After James Bruce (1730-1794), Scottish explorer 源自詹姆斯 布鲁斯 (1730-1794年），苏格兰探险家 〔funky〕Of or relating to music that has an earthy quality reminiscent of the blues:朴实无华的：有或关于忆起布鲁斯歌曲的土风特点的音乐的：〔Bruce〕Australian politician who was prime minister (1923-1929) and a delegate (1933-1936) to the League of Nations.布鲁斯，斯坦利·墨尔本：(1883-1967) 澳大利亚政治家，曾任总理(1923-1929年）和国际联盟的代表(1933-1936年）〔Smith〕American singer who became a leading jazz and blues singer in the 1920's and recorded with musicians such as Louis Armstrong and Benny Goodman.史密斯，贝西埃：(1894?-1937) 美国歌唱演员，二十年代成为第一流的爵士乐和布鲁斯音乐的歌唱家，曾与其他音乐家如路易斯·阿姆斯特朗和本尼·古德曼一起录制磁带〔happenstance〕"Marriage loomed only as an outgrowth of happenstance; you met a person"(Bruce Weber)“婚姻被看作是一种偶然情况的发展，那就是你遇到了一个人”(布鲁斯·韦伯)〔Rogers〕American book designer and typographer noted for his use of design to reflect a volume's subject matter.罗杰斯，布鲁斯：(1870-1957) 美国图书设计师和活版印刷师，因其使用设计反映一卷书的主题而闻名〔Merrifield〕American biochemist. He won a 1984 Nobel Prize for developing a method of mass-producing complex proteins.梅里菲尔德，罗（伯特）·布鲁斯：(生于 1921) 美国生化学家。他因发展了大批量生产复合蛋白质的方法而在1984年获得诺贝尔奖〔reggae〕Popular music of Jamaican origin having elements of calypso, soul, and rock 'n' roll and characterized by a strongly accentuated offbeat.雷盖：源于牙买加的流行音乐，含有民间音乐，黑人布鲁斯音乐，摇滚乐的成份，带有一个强有力地强调非传统的特点〔Handy〕American musician and composer. He was the first person to recognize the importance of blues as a legitimate musical form and the first to publish a blues composition, "The Memphis Blues" (1911).汉迪，威廉·克里斯托费尔：(1873-1958) 美国音乐家、作曲家。他第一个认识到布鲁斯作为一种正规的音乐形式的重要性的，并且也是他首次出版了一部布鲁斯乐曲“孟斐斯布鲁斯”(1911年）〔titanic〕"a deepening sense that some titanic event lay just beyond the horizon"(W. Bruce Lincoln)“越来越强烈地感觉到一些重大的事件就要发生了”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔apish〕"My own performances were apish imitations of Olivier's stirring cadences"(Robert Brustein)“我自己的表演一味模仿奥利佛鼓舞人心的音调”(罗伯特·布鲁斯坦)〔Lomax〕American folklorist and musicologist. With his sonAlan Lomax (born 1915) he toured the country recording blues and folk musicians for the Library of Congress and various record companies. 洛马克斯，约翰·艾弗里：(1867-1948) 美国民俗学者和音乐研究家。他与儿子阿兰·洛马克斯 （1915年生）一起周游全国，为国会图书馆和各家唱片公司录制布鲁斯音乐和民间音乐 〔zydeco〕Popular music of southern Louisiana that combines French dance melodies, elements of Caribbean music, and the blues, played by small groups featuring the guitar, the accordion, and a washboard. 柴迪科舞曲：南路易斯安那的流行音乐，融合了法国舞曲、加勒比音乐的曲调和布鲁斯，特点是由演唱小组用吉它、手风琴和敲击板演奏〔apocryphal〕"Wildly apocryphal rumors about starvation in Petrograd . . . raced through Russia's trenches"(W. Bruce Lincoln)“彼得格勒饿死人的杜撰谣言…迅速地在俄军阵营流传开来”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔potpourri〕"In the minds of many, the real and imagined causes for Russia's defeats quickly mingled into a potpourri of terrible fears"(W. Bruce Lincoln)“在许多人的脑海里，俄国失败的真正原因及想象出来的原因很快就混合成了可怕的恐惧”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔cohere〕"The movie as a whole failed to cohere"(Robert Brustein)“电影作为一个整体，没能紧密地结合”(罗伯特·布鲁斯坦)〔stark〕"faced with that stark future"(Robert C. McFarlane)“[They] found it hard to accept such a stark portrait of unrelieved failure" (W. Bruce Lincoln)“面对严酷的未来”(罗伯特C.麦克法兰尼)“[他们] 发现要接受这样一个无可挽回的失败图景是很困难的” (W.布鲁斯·林肯)〔funky〕When asked which words in the English language are the most difficult to define precisely,a lexicographer would surely mentionfunky. The meaning offunky seems well captured by Geneva Smitherman in Talkin and Testifyin: The Language of Black America, where she states that funky means “[related to] the blue notes or blue mood created in jazz, blues, and soul music generally, down-to-earth soulfully expressed sounds; by extension [related to] the real nitty-gritty or fundamental essence of life, soul to the max.”Be that as it may,funky is first recorded in 1784 in a reference to musty, old, moldy cheese. Funky then developed the sense "smelling strong or bad,” which could be used to describe body odor.Butfunky was applied to jazz, too—a usage explained in 1959 by one F. Newton inJazz Scene : "Critics are on the search for something a little more like the old, original, passion-laden blues: the trade-name which has been suggested for it is ‘funky’(literally: ‘smelly,’ i.e. symbolizing the return from the upper atmosphere to the physical, down-to-earth reality).” Funky comes from the earlier nounfunk, which meant "a strong smell or stink.” This noun can probably be traced back to the Latin wordfūmus, "smoke.” 当被问及英语中最难准确定义的是哪些词时，词典编纂者肯定会提到funky 这个词。 Funky 的含义似乎被热纳瓦·史密斯曼在 语言和证明： 美国黑人语言一节中解释得很清楚，她认为 funky 指“主要在爵士乐、布鲁斯歌曲、灵乐这些发自灵魂深处的音乐中创造出的音符式的忧郁； 由此延伸为与生命本质精髓有关的，表现美国黑人及其文化特点到极致的。”Funky 最早可能被记录于1784年，用于指发霉的、过期的奶酪。 后来，funky 引申到这层意思“闻起来强烈或有异味的，” 可以用来形容身体的气味。但funky 也用于指爵士乐方面， 这种用法于1959年在一位名叫F·牛顿的人的书爵士舞台 中有所解释： “批评家们正在找一种有些更象原始的、激情洋溢的老布鲁斯歌曲一样的东西：用来表现后的词就是‘有气息的’（字面意义：‘有气味的，’也就是说，从高高在上的格调降回到自然而率直的风格）。” Funky 一词来自较早出现的名词funk， 意为“一种刺鼻的气味或臭味”。 这个词可能可追溯到拉丁词fumus， “烟” 〔tune〕"Nobody tunes in to what anybody else is saying"(Bruce Allen)“没有人注意别的人在说什么”(布鲁斯·艾伦)〔squalid〕"the squalid atmosphere of intrigue, betrayal, and counterbetrayal"(W. Bruce Lincoln)“密谋、叛逆和反叛逆的恶劣气氛”(W.布鲁斯·林肯) |
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