| 单词 | 帝国 |
| 释义 | 〔Fredericton〕The capital of New Brunswick, Canada, in the south-central part of the province northwest of St. John. It was founded by United Empire Loyalists in 1783 and became provincial capital in 1785. Population, 43,723.弗雷德里克顿：加拿大新不伦瑞克省的省会,位于该省中南部、圣约翰的西北部。1783年被联合帝国的拥护者建立，1785年成为省会。人口43,723〔Erzurum〕A city of eastern Turkey east of Ankara. It was known in the fifth centurya.d. as an important Byzantine frontier post. Population, 190,241. 埃尔斯伦：土耳其东部一城市，位于安卡拉东部。公元 15世纪时作为拜占庭帝国的边境贸易站而闻名。人口190,241 〔Ravenna〕A city of northeast Italy near the Adriatic Sea northeast of Florence. An important naval station in Roman times, it was an Ostrogoth capital in the fifth and sixth centuriesa.d. and the center of Byzantine power in Italy from the late sixth century until c. 750, when it was conquered by the Lombards. Ravenna eventually became part of the papal dominions and was included in the kingdom of Italy in 1860. Population, 101,000. 拉文纳：意大利东北部邻亚德里亚海的一城市，位于佛罗伦萨市东北。罗马时代是一重要海军基地公元 5到6世纪是东哥特人王国的首都，从6世纪末到公元750年是拜占庭帝国在意大利的中心城市，公元750年被伦巴底族人征服。拉文纳最后成为教皇领地，1860年并入意大利王国，人口101,000 〔Angkor〕A major archaeological site in northwest Cambodia and the capital of the Khmer empire from the 9th to the 15th century. The ruins include two important Hindu temple complexes, Angkor Wat (12th century) and Angkor Thom (13th century). The site has been extensively damaged by warfare.吴哥窟：柬埔寨西北的重要考古遗址，曾是9世纪至15世纪高棉帝国的首都。废墟包括两座重要的印度教庙宇建筑，吴哥窟(12世纪）和吴哥寺(13世纪）。该地曾在战乱中被严重地破坏〔Hohenzollern〕German royal family who ruled Brandenburg from 1415 and later extended their control to Prussia (1525). Under Frederick I (ruled 1701-1713) the family's possessions were unified as the kingdom of Prussia. From 1871 to 1918 Hohenzollern monarchs ruled the German Empire.霍恩索伦：自1415年起控制勃兰登堡的皇族，后开始控制普鲁士（1525年）。在弗里德里希一世(1701-1713年在位）期间，这个家族占有的国土统称为普鲁士王国，从1871年到1918年这个皇族的国王统治了德国帝国〔Konya〕A city of southwest-central Turkey south of Ankara. Built on the site of an ancient Phrygian city, Konya was a powerful Seljuk sultanate from the 11th to the 13th century. Population, 329,139.科尼亚：土耳其中部偏西南一城市，位于安卡拉以南。建在一个古代弗里吉亚城市的遗址上，从11世纪到13世纪，科尼亚是一个强大的塞尔柱苏丹帝国。人口329,139〔Qianlong〕Chinese emperor (1735-1796) of the Qing dynasty who subdued the Turkish and Mongolian threats to northern China, expanded the empire, and was a patron of the arts.乾隆：中国清代皇帝(1735-1796年），他平息了土耳其和蒙古对中国北部的威胁，扩大了帝国，并是艺术的支持者〔Byzantine〕A native or inhabitant of Byzantium or the Byzantine Empire.拜占庭人：拜占庭城或拜占庭帝国的本土人、居民〔Byzantine〕Of or relating to the Byzantine Empire.拜占庭帝国的：拜占庭帝国的或与其有关的〔Sliven〕A city of east-central Bulgaria east of Sofia. Contested by Bulgaria and the Byzantine Empire in medieval times and by Russia and Turkey in the 19th century, it is now a textile center with varied industries. Population, 104,000.斯利文：保加利亚中东部一城市，位于索非亚市以东。中世纪时是保加利亚和拜占庭帝国争夺的地方，19世纪俄国和土耳其为之角逐，现在为一纺织业中心，有多种工业。人口104,000〔Bamako〕The capital and largest city of Mali, in the southwest on the Niger River. It was a leading center of Moslem learning under the Mali empire (c. 11th-15th century). Population, 502,000.巴马科：马里的首都和最大城市，位于尼罗河畔的西南部。它是马里帝国（公元11-15世纪）统治下的伊斯兰学的主导中心。人口502,000〔Lucas〕American film director, producer, and screenwriter best known as a pioneer of special effects, especially in hisStar Wars motion-picture series, including Star Wars (1977), The Empire Strikes Back (1980), and The Return of the Jedi (1983). 卢卡斯，乔治：美国电影导演、制片人和编剧，以电影特效先驱著称，尤其是《星际大战》 电影系列，包括 《星际大战》 （1977年）、 《帝国反击》 （1980年）以及 《绝地武士归来》 （1983年） 〔Hapsburg〕A royal German family that supplied rulers to a number of European states from the late Middle Ages until the 20th century. The Hapsburgs reached the height of their power under Charles V of Spain. When Charles abdicated (1558), the empire was divided between the Spanish and Austrian lines. The Spanish branch ceased to rule after 1700 and the Austrian branch after 1918.哈普斯堡皇室：一个德意志皇室家族，其成员曾于中世纪后期到20世纪这一段时期内分别在欧洲各国任统治者，在西班牙国王查理五世统治期间达到其鼎盛时期。查理于1558年退位之后，帝国被西班牙和奥地利瓜分，西班牙的统治结束于1700年，而奥地利于1918年以后停止了统治〔empress〕The woman ruler of an empire.女皇帝：帝国的女统治者〔palatine〕Used as a title for various administrative officials of the late Roman and Byzantine empires.宫廷官吏：用来作为各种各样管理官员的头衔，在罗马和拜占庭帝国后期〔Parthia〕An ancient country of southwest Asia corresponding to modern northeast Iran. It was included in the Assyrian and Persian empires, the Macedonian empire of Alexander the Great, and the Syrian empire. A Parthian kingdom lasted from c. 250b.c. to a.d. 226, reaching the height of its influence and land holdings at the beginning of the first century b.c. Its people, of Scythian stock, were noted as horsemen and archers. 帕提亚：亚洲西南部的一个古国，位于现在的伊朗东北部。它曾被亚述帝国和波斯帝国，亚历山大大帝的马其顿帝国及叙利亚帝国统治。存在于公元前 250年到 公元 226年间的帕提亚王国在 公元前 1世纪初时影响和版图都达到其顶峰。其居民为锡西厄族人，以骑手和射手而著称 〔Reich〕The territory or government of a German state, as the Holy Roman Empire, or First Reich, from the ninth century to 1806; the German Empire, or Second Reich, from 1871 to 1919; the Weimar Republic, from 1919 to 1933; or the Third Reich, from 1933 to 1945.帝国：德国领土或政府，如神圣罗马帝国或9世纪至1806年的第一帝国；德意志帝国或1871年至1919年的第二帝国；1919年至1933年的魏玛共和国；或1933年至1945年的第三共和国〔metropolitan〕Of, relating to, or constituting the home territory of an imperial or colonial state.宗主国的；宗主城市的：属于，关于或构成一个帝国或殖民国家的宗主地区的〔despot〕A Byzantine emperor or prince.君主：一个拜占庭帝国皇帝或王子〔Charlemagne〕King of the Franks (768-814) and founder of the first empire in western Europe after the fall of Rome. His court at Aix-la-Chapelle became the center of a cultural rebirth in Europe, known as the Carolingian Renaissance.查理曼：法兰克国王(768-814年），而且是罗马灭亡后西欧第一个帝国的创始人，他在艾克斯拉沙佩勒的宫廷成为欧洲文化复兴的中心，因加洛林文艺复兴而闻名〔Assyria〕An ancient empire and civilization of western Asia in the upper valley of the Tigris River. In its zenith between the ninth and seventh centuriesb.c. the empire extended from the Mediterranean Sea across Arabia and Armenia. 亚述：亚洲西部底格里河流域北部一帝国和文明古国。公元前 9世纪至7世纪，在它的强盛时期，亚述帝国的疆域从地中海跨越阿拉伯和亚美尼亚地区 〔Frank〕A member of one of the Germanic tribes of the Rhine region in the early Christian era, especially one of the Salian Franks who conquered Gaul abouta.d. 500 and established an extensive empire that reached its greatest power in the ninth century. 法兰克人：公元初莱茵地区的一支日耳曼部落的成员，尤指法兰克萨利人的一支，他们于公元 500年左右征服了高卢并建立了辽阔的帝国，在9世纪达到鼎盛时期 〔Aztec〕Of or relating to the Aztecs or their language, culture, or empire.阿兹特克的：有关阿兹特克人或他们的语言、文化或帝国的〔vizier〕A high officer in a Moslem government, especially in the Ottoman Empire.维齐尔：穆斯林政府高官，尤指前土耳其帝国〔Lombardy〕A region of northern Italy bordering on Switzerland. First inhabited by a Gallic people, it became the center of the kingdom of the Lombards in the sixth centurya.d. and part of Charlemagne's empire in 774. The Lombard League of cities defeated Emperor Frederick I in 1176. 伦巴底：意大利北部的一个地区，与瑞士接壤。最早的居民是高卢人。公元 6世纪成为伦巴底人所建王国的中心，774年成为夏尔马聂帝国的一部分。1176年伦巴底城市联盟击败了弗雷德里克一世皇帝 〔Austria〕A landlocked country of central Europe. A Roman and Carolingian territory, it was later a powerful empire ruled by the Hapsburgs. The empire was broken up in 1918, and the republic of Austria was annexed by Adolf Hitler in 1938. Full sovereignty was restored in 1955. Vienna is the capital and the largest city. Population, 7,555,338.奥地利：欧洲中部的内陆国。曾为古罗马及加洛林王朝疆域，后成为哈布斯堡统治下的强大帝国。于1918年分裂，奥地利共和国于1938年被阿道夫·希特勒吞并。于1955年收回全部主权。维也纳是该国首都及最大的城市。人口7,555,338〔Britannia〕A female personification of Great Britain or the British Empire.大不列颠或不列颠帝国的阴性拟人化称呼〔Nineveh〕An ancient city of Assyria on the Tigris River opposite the site of present-day Mosul, Iraq. As capital of the Assyrian Empire, it enjoyed great influence and prosperity, especially under Sennacherib and Ashurbanipal (seventh centuryb.c. ). The city was captured and destroyed by Babylonia and its allies in 612 b.c. 尼尼微：亚述帝国的一座古城，位于底格里斯河沿岸，与今天伊拉克境内的摩苏尔城相结。曾为亚述帝国的首都，在当时影响极大且极其兴盛，尤其是在西拿基立和阿叔巴尼帕统治时期(公元前 7世纪）。该城在 公元前 612年被巴比伦尼亚及其盟国占领并毁坏 〔Romagna〕A historical region of north-central Italy. It was the center of Byzantine influence in Italy and later came under papal rule. The region now forms part of Emilia-Romagna.罗马涅区：意大利中北部一历史地区，该地区曾是拜占庭帝国在意大利的势力中心，后来受教皇统治，现为艾米利亚-罗马涅区的一部分〔Rome〕The capital and largest city of Italy, in the west-central part of the country on the Tiber River. Traditionally founded by Romulus and Remus, it was ruled first by Etruscans, who were overthrown c. 500b.c. The Roman Republic gradually extended its territory and expanded its influence, giving way to the Roman Empire during the reign of Augustus (27 b.c. - a.d. 14). As capital of the empire, Rome was considered the center of the known world, but the city declined when Constantine transferred his capital to Byzantium (323). Alaric I conquered the city in 410, leading to a lengthy period of devastation by barbarian tribes. In the Middle Ages the city revived as the spiritual and temporal power of the papacy increased. During the 1800's Rome was held at various times by the French until it became the capital of Italy in 1871. Vatican City remains an independent enclave within the confines of Rome. Population, 2,830,569. 罗马：意大利的首都及最大城市，在该国中西部，濒临台伯河。传统上认为罗马由罗穆卢斯和瑞摩斯创建，伊特鲁里亚人最先统治罗马，并于公元前 500年被推翻。罗马共和国逐渐扩展领土和扩大势力，在奥古斯都( 公元前 27年- 公元 14年）统治时期成为罗马帝国。罗马作为帝国的首都，被认为是世界的中心，当康斯坦丁把国都迁往拜占庭后(323年），罗马衰落了。阿拉里克一世于410年征服了罗马从而使野蛮部落给罗马带来长期毁灭性的灾难。中世纪时，随着教皇宗教和世俗权力的上升，罗马又恢复了生机。19世纪期间，罗马不时受到法国人的统治，直至1871成为意大利的首都。梵蒂冈仍为罗马境内独立的外国领地。人口2,830,569 〔Lima〕[lēʹmə] The capital and largest city of Peru, in the west-central part of the country near the Pacific Ocean. Founded by Francisco Pizarro in 1535, it was the capital of Spain's New World empire until the 19th century. The city was largely rebuilt after earthquakes in 1687 and 1746. Population, 371,122.[lēʹmə] 利马：秘鲁首都和最大城市，位于太平洋附近秘鲁中西部。在1535年由弗朗西斯科·皮扎罗建立，在19世纪前一直是西班牙在新大陆的帝国的首都。在1687年及1746年地震后被大规模地重建。人口371,122〔Beaverbrook〕Canadian-born British publisher, financier, and politician. He founded his press empire on theDaily Express (1916) and the Evening Standard (1923), held many cabinet positions during the 1940's, and was a confidant of Winston Churchill. 比弗布鲁克：加拿大裔英籍出版商、金融家和政治家。他在《每日快讯》 （1916年）和 《晚间旗报》 （1923年）上创立了他的报业帝国，在20世纪40年代他掌握了许多内阁席位，是温斯顿·丘吉尔的一个知己 〔Yamagata〕Japanese soldier and politician who was largely responsible for transforming Japan into a military power in the 20th century.山县，有朋：(1838-1922) 日本军人和政治家，对于把日本变为20世纪的军事帝国，他负有主要的责任〔Akbar〕Mongol emperor of India (1556-1605) who conquered most of northern India and exercised religious tolerance.阿克巴：印度莫卧儿帝国皇帝（1556-1605年），征服了印度北部大部分地区并推行宗教宽容政策〔exarch〕The ruler of a province in the Byzantine Empire.总督：拜占庭帝国一个省的统治者〔Aksum〕A town of northern Ethiopia. From the first to the eighth centurya.d. it was the capital of an empire that controlled much of northern Ethiopia. According to tradition, the Ark of the Covenant was brought here from Jerusalem and placed in the Church of Saint Mary of Zion, where the rulers of Ethiopia were crowned. 阿克苏姆：埃塞俄比亚北部一城镇。公元 1世纪到8世纪，该城是控制埃塞俄比亚北部大部地区的帝国首都。据传说，约柜被从耶路撒冷带到此地后放到锡安山的圣玛丽教堂，在那里埃塞俄比亚的统治者被加冕 〔Hearst〕American newspaper and magazine publisher. Beginning with theSan Francisco Examiner in 1887, he built the world's largest publishing empire, comprising 28 major newspapers. A passionate collector, he displayed many of his acquisitions in San Simeon, his ornate California estate. 赫斯特，威廉·伦道夫：(1863-1951) 美国报刊和杂志出版商，1887年创办《旧金山考察人报》 ，他建立了世界上最大的出版业帝国，由28家主要报纸组成，他是一个狂热的收集家，在圣西蒙（他在美国加利福尼亚富丽堂皇的庄园）曾展出过许多他收藏的古董 〔Tokyo〕The capital and largest city of Japan, in east-central Honshu onTokyo Bay, an inlet of the Pacific Ocean. Founded in the 12th century as Edo, Tokyo became the imperial capital in 1868. Much of the city was destroyed by an earthquake in 1923 and by bombing raids during World War II. Population, 8,353,674. 东京，江户：日本首都和最大城市，位于本州岛中东部，临太平洋的一个海湾。东京湾 建立于12世纪，当时叫做江户，1868年东京成为帝国首都，1923年的地震和二次世界大战期间的空袭曾使该城的大部分被摧毁。人口8,353,674 〔Numidia〕An ancient country of northwest Africa corresponding roughly to present-day Algeria. It was part of the Carthaginian empire before the Punic Wars and became a separate kingdom after 201b.c. Conquered by Rome in 46 b.c. and invaded by the Vandals in the fifth century a.d. , Numidia was overrun by the Arabs in the eighth century. 努米底亚：非洲西北部的一个古国，大致在今天的阿尔及利亚。在古迦太基战争前是迦太基帝国的一部分，公元前 20年成为独立王国， 公元前 46年被罗马征服， 公元后 5世纪被汪达尔人侵略，8世纪大批阿拉伯人来到努米底亚 〔Sichuan〕A province of south-central China. Settled by non-Chinese peoples, it was incorporated into the empire (c. third centurya.d. ) by the Qin dynasty. Chengdu is the capital. Population, 101,800,000. 四川省：中国中南部一省份，最初由非汉族民族定居，秦朝时被并入帝国（公元 3世纪）成都是其省会。人口101,800,000 |
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