单词 | 平坦 |
释义 | 〔savanna〕A flat grassland of tropical or subtropical regions.热带大草原:热带或亚热带地区的平坦草原〔tableland〕A flat, elevated region; a plateau or mesa.台地:一块平坦的升高的地区;高原或平顶山〔park〕A broad, fairly level valley between mountain ranges:谷地:两座山脉之间宽阔且平坦的山谷地带:〔tabletop〕The flat surface of a table.桌面:桌子的平坦表面〔equitant〕Overlapping at the base to form a flat, fanlike arrangement in two ranks, as the leaves of some irises.套折的,重叠的:基部互相重叠而构成平坦的扇形两列,如鸢尾花的叶子〔level〕Having a flat, smooth surface.表面平坦的:有一个平坦的、光滑的表面的〔maar〕A flat-bottomed, roughly circular volcanic crater of explosive origin that is often filled with water.小火山口:一种底部平坦、大致呈圆形的火山爆发后形成的盛满水的低洼地〔relief〕"The light brought the white church . . . into relief from the flat ledges"(Willa Cather)“光芒使得白色的教堂凸现于平坦的壁台之上”(威拉·卡瑟)〔multifoil〕A flat object or opening with scalloped edges or ornaments.多叶饰:有扇贝式边缘或装饰的平坦的物体或开口〔level〕A flat, horizontal surface.平坦的,水平的表面〔leukoplakia〕Greek plax plak- [flat area] * see plāk- 1希腊语 plax plak- [平坦的区域] * 参见 plāk- 1〔sartorius〕A flat, narrow thigh muscle, the longest of the human anatomy, crossing the front of the thigh obliquely from the hip to the inner side of the tibia.缝匠肌:一块平坦、狭窄的大腿肌肉,它是人体解剖中最长的肌肉,从臀部经胫骨内侧斜穿到大腿前部〔plank〕from plancus [flat] * see plāk- 1源自 plancus [平坦的] * 参见 plāk- 1〔equal〕from aequus [even, level] 源自 aequus [平坦的,水平的] 〔level〕Even refers to flat surfacesin which no part is higher or lower than another: Even 指的是平坦的表面,没有高高低低的地方: 〔equal〕It has been argued thatequal is an absolute term— two quantities either are or are not equal—and hence cannot be qualified as to degree.Therefore one cannot logically speak ofa more equal allocation of resources among the departments. However, this usage was accepted by 71 percent of the Usage Panel in an earlier survey.What is more, objection to the usage betrays a widespread but questionable assumptionthat it is in mathematics and logic that we find the model of accuracy most appropriate to the everyday use of language,a supposition that also underlies traditional grammatical discussions of words such asunique, parallel, and center. According to this account,the "precise" or "literal" meaning ofequal is realized in the use of the equal sign in an arithmetic expression such as 5 + 2 = 7; and the ordinary-language uses of the term,though they may be permissible,represent "loose" or "imprecise" extensions of that sense.But in fact the mathematical concept of equality is a poor model for using the wordequal to describe relations between things in the world. As applied to such things,statements of equality are always relative to an implicit standard of tolerance.When someone saysThe two boards are of equal length, we assume that the equality is reckoned to some order of approximation determined by the context;if we did not,we would be required always to usenearly equal when speaking of the dimensions of physical objects. What is more,we often want to predicate equality of things that do not admit of quantitative measurement,as when we sayThe college draft was introduced in an effort to make the teams in the National Football League as equal as possible, orThe candidates for the job should all be given equal consideration. In all such cases,equality is naturally a gradient notionand so is amenable to modification in degree.This much is evident from the existence of the wordunequal. The prefixun- attaches only to gradient adjectives: we sayunmanly but not unmale; and the worduneven can be applied to a surface (whose evenness may be a matter of degree) but not to a number (whose evenness is an either-or affair). ·The adverbequally is generally regarded as redundant when used in combination with as, and the following examples employingequally as were termed unacceptable by 63 percent of the Usage Panel in an earlier survey: 单词equal 一向被认为是一个很绝对的词语—— 两个数量要么相同要么不同——这样就不能有程度上的差别。所以,如果有人说在各部门间对资源更公平的分配 ,那么就不合逻辑了。 但是这种用法在早先的用法调查中被百分之七十一用法使用小组的人接受。而且,对这种用法的反对体现出了一种很流行但却值得怀疑的假设,那就是我们从数学和逻辑中得出适用于日常语言准确性的实例,而这种假设也可从我们对一些词,如unique,parallel 和 center 传统的语法讨论中体现出来。 根据这个解释,equal “准确”或“书面”的意思则是由在算术表达式,如5+2=7中所运用的相同的符号而表达清楚的; 而该词在日常语言中的用法,虽然被允许,但却代表了其含意“松散”或“不严谨”的引申。但是实际上用数学概念上的相等来运用equal 这个词描述世上各种事物之间的关系是一个很差劲的例子。 当该词应用于生活中的事物时,相等的观念往往与暗含的容忍相关联。当有人说两块木板同样长 时, 我们会认为由于上下文的关系,相等可以被看作大约近似;如果我们不这样想,那么当我们谈到物体的尺寸时,就要经常使用nearly equal 。 另外,我们常常会预测和数量无关的事物的相同性,比如我们会说,引入大学的要求是为了使全国足球联合会中的各队尽可能平等 , 或者应给予该项工作的应征者同等的考虑 。 在所有这些例子中,相等是个可变化的概念,所以可在程度有所不同。Unequal 这个词的存在就是很好的证明。 un- 这个前缀只附加于有程序变化的形容词, 我们说unmanly 但不说 unmale ; 而uneven 这个词只能用于某物的表面(其平坦可有程度上的差别), 而不能用于数目(数目只能说相等或不相等)。Equally 这一副词在与 as 连用时通常被认为是多余的, 在早先的用法调查中,以下这些使用equally as 的句子遭到百分之六十三使用小组的人反对: 〔planation〕The process of erosion and deposition in which a nearly level surface is produced, as by streams, wind, or ocean currents.均夷作用:象由河流、风或洋流引起近似平坦的表面的侵蚀和沉积过程〔flat〕Level with the ground; horizontally.平坦地:与地面相平地;水平地〔platitude〕from plat [flat] 源自 plat [平坦的] 〔smooth〕To make (something) even, level, or unwrinkled.使平滑:使(某物)平坦、齐平或无皱纹〔taffrail〕The flat upper part of the stern of a vessel, made of wood and often richly carved.艉舷部:一艘船尾平坦的上部,由木头做成,经常有华美的雕刻〔upland〕Land or an area of land of high elevation, especially when level.高地:地势很高的陆地或地区,尤其是当这样的陆地或地区平坦的时候〔platen〕from plat [flat] * see plate 源自 plat [平坦的] * 参见 plate〔mousepad〕A flat pad, as of specially coated foam rubber, designed to provide an optimum surface on which to use a mouse.鼠标垫:尤指以覆有涂料的发泡橡胶制成的平坦垫子,用来提供使用鼠标的最适表面〔flat〕So as to be flat.断然地:为了变为平坦地〔espalier〕A tree or shrub that is trained to grow in a flat plane against a wall, often in a symmetrical pattern.墙树,树篱:在平坦的平地靠着墙对称生长的树或灌木〔even〕To make or become even.使成为平滑、平坦或相等〔surround〕"It was the country, the flat agricultural surround, that so ravished me"(Listener)“正是这乡间、这平坦的农田如此令我陶醉”(听众)〔esplanade〕A flat, open stretch of pavement or grass, especially one designed as a promenade along a shore.休闲地:一片平坦、开阔的广场或草地,尤指海滨供散步用的空地〔tabular〕Having a plane surface; flat.具有一个平面的;平坦的〔terrace〕A raised bank of earth having vertical or sloping sides and a flat top:梯田:侧面垂直或倾斜,顶部平坦的一块高地:〔bolson〕A flat, arid valley surrounded by mountains and draining into a shallow central lake.沙漠盆地,封闭盆地:被山脉包围的平坦干旱的山谷,干涸为一个浅的中央湖〔flush〕Having surfaces in the same plane; even.水平的,同高的:在同一平面上的;平坦的〔plateau〕from plat [flat] * see plate 源自 plat [平坦的] * 参见 plate〔plate〕from Old French [from feminine of] plat [flat] 源自 古法语 源自plat的阴性词 [平坦的] 〔even〕Having a horizontal surface; flat:水平的:具有水平的表面的;平坦的:〔sheet〕A broad, flat, continuous surface or expanse:一大片:宽阔、平坦、连续的表面或区域:〔skimboard〕A thin, flat, round or rectangular board used in skimboarding.滑水板,冲浪板:薄形、平坦、圆形或是长方形的板子,用作冲浪运动〔playa〕A nearly level area at the bottom of an undrained desert basin, sometimes temporarily covered with water.干荒盆地:无法排水的沙漠盆地底部的近似平坦的地区,有时会暂时被水覆盖〔flat〕Having a smooth, even, level surface:平滑的:具有光滑、平坦且水平表面的: |
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