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| 释义 | 〔Schenectady〕A city of eastern New York on the Mohawk River northwest of Albany. First settled in 1661, it prospered after the opening of the Erie Canal and the coming of the railroad in the early 19th century. Its electrical industry dates to the 1880's. Population, 65,566.斯卡奈塔第：美国纽约州东部的一座城市，位于奥尔巴尼西北部莫霍克河岸。建立于1661年，在伊利运河开通及19世纪早期铁路开通后开始繁荣。电子工业可追溯到19世纪80年代。人口65,566〔Dzungaria〕A vast historical region of northwest China. It was a Mongol kingdom from the 11th to the 14th century and was conquered by the Chinese in the 1750's.准噶尔：中国西北部一片广阔的古代地区。在11世纪到14世纪它是一个蒙古王国，在18世纪50年代被中国人征服〔Ogden〕A city of northern Utah north of Salt Lake City. Settled by Mormons in the 1840's, it is a railroad junction with aerospace and other varied industries. Population, 63,909.奥格登：美国犹他州北部一城市，位于盐湖城北部。19世纪40年代，摩门教徒在此居住。它是航天工业和其他各种工业联接的铁路交叉点。人口63,909〔Manitowoc〕A city of eastern Wisconsin on Lake Michigan north of Sheboygan. Its shipbuilding industry dates from the 1840's. Population, 32,520.马尼托沃克：美国威斯康星州东部一城市，位于希伯伊根以北密歇根湖湖畔，其造船工业可追溯至19世纪40年代。人口32,520〔doughboy〕Sense 2, [perhaps from the large buttons on American uniforms of the 1860's, said to resemble doughboys (sense 1)] 释义2， [或许是由于19世纪60年代美国军服上的大扣子得名，据说象油炸面团] 〔Choctaw〕A Native American people inhabiting central and southern Mississippi and southwest Alabama, with present-day populations in Mississippi and southeast Oklahoma. The Choctaw were removed to Indian Territory in the 1830's.乔克托部落：居住在美国密西西比州中部和南部以及亚拉巴马州西南部的一支美洲土著部落，现在分布在密西西比州以及俄克拉荷马州东南部。乔克托人在19世纪30年代曾被迁至印第安纳地区〔Managua〕The capital and largest city of Nicaragua, in the western part of the country on the southern shore ofLake Managua. The city, designated as the capital in the 1850's, has frequently been damaged by earthquakes. Population, 644,588. 马那瓜：尼加拉瓜的首都和最大城市，位于这个国家的西部，马那瓜湖 的南岸。在19世纪50年代，这个城市被定为该国的首都，曾历经地震的毁坏。人口644,588 〔Bede〕Anglo-Saxon theologian and historian whose major work,Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation (731), written in Latin, remains an important source of ancient English history. He introduced the method of dating events from the birth of Christ. 比德：盎格鲁-撒克逊神学家和历史学家，他以拉丁文写的主要著作《英格兰民族教会的历史》 （731年），一直是英国古代历史的一个重要原始资料。他引进了以基督诞生之日来确定历史事件年代的方法 〔Vaduz〕The capital of Liechtenstein, in the western part of the country on the Rhine River. Destroyed during a conflict between Switzerland and the Holy Roman Empire (1499), it was rebuilt in the 1520's and is now a tourist center. Population, 4,927.瓦杜兹：列支敦士登首都，位于该国西部，莱茵河畔，在瑞士与神圣罗马帝国之间的一次冲突中(1499年）被毁，并于16世纪20年代重建，现在成为旅游中心。人口4,927〔Cowley〕American writer, editor, and critic whose works include studies of American expatriate writers of the 1920's and commentaries on William Faulkner.考利，马尔科姆：(1898-1989) 美国作家、编辑和评论家，他的作品包括对美国20世纪20年代的流亡作家的研究和对威廉·福克纳的评论〔medieval〕Latin aevum [age] * see aiw- 拉丁语 aevum [时代，年代] * 参见 aiw- 〔Mississippian〕Of, belonging to, or being the geologic time, system of rocks, and sedimentary deposits of the fifth period of the Paleozoic Era, characterized by the submergence of extensive land areas under shallow seas. See table at geologic time 密西西比的：属于或处于古生代第五世的地质年代的、或该年代的岩石系统的或沉积物的，这一地质时代以大量陆地沉入浅海为特征 参见 geologic time〔Miami〕A city of southeast Florida on Biscayne Bay south of Fort Lauderdale. Settled in the 1870's near the site of a fort built in 1836, it expanded greatly during the land boom of the 1920's and again after World War II. Today it is an important resort and cruise center for the Caribbean. Population, 358,548.迈阿密：佛罗里达州东南部的一座城市，濒临比斯开湾，位于劳德代尔堡南部，19世纪70年代在靠近一个1836年所建的海港附近建立该城，在20世纪20年代和二次世界大战后的土地繁荣期得到极大扩张，今天是加勒比地区重要的旅游胜地和航游中心。人口358,548〔Hines〕American musician. A prominent jazz pianist for 50 years, he first gained wide recognition for his recordings with Louis Armstrong in the 1920's.海因斯，厄尔：(1905-1983) 美国音乐家50年一直是显要的爵士乐钢琴家，20世纪20年代与路易斯·阿姆斯特朗联合灌制的唱片使他名声大噪〔vintage〕A year or period of origin:制造年份：开始存在的年代或时期：〔Hilo〕A city of Hawaii on the eastern coast of Hawaii Island onHilo Bay, an inlet of the Pacific Ocean. Settled in the 1820's by American missionaries, the city is a trade and shipping center whose economy depends heavily on sugar exports and tourism. Population, 37,808. 希罗：夏威夷东岸、夏威夷岛一城市，位于希罗湾 （太平洋水湾）边。于19世纪20年代由美国传教士始建，该市是贸易和运输中心，经济主要依赖于出口白糖和旅游业。人口37,808 〔lodge〕This cabinet lodges our oldest wines.这个柜子里收藏着我们年代最长的酒〔Harlem〕A section of New York City in northern Manhattan bordering on the Harlem and East rivers. Peter Stuyvesant established the Dutch settlement of Nieuw Haarlem here in 1658. A rapid influx of Black people beginning c. 1910 made it one of the largest Black communities in the United States. In the 1920's a flowering of Black art and literature was known as the Harlem Renaissance. After World War II many Hispanics settled in East (or Spanish) Harlem.哈莱姆区：纽约市一地区，位于曼哈顿北部，傍倚哈莱姆河和东河。1658年彼得·斯图佛逊在此建立起荷兰人寄居地——新哈莱姆区。自1910年以来，迅速增大的黑人居民使该地成为美国最大的黑人聚居地，20世纪20年代黑人艺术及文学的兴起被称为哈莱姆文艺复兴，二次大战后，许多西班牙人定居在东（或西班牙）哈莱姆区〔opossum〕The wordopossum takes us back to the earliest days of the United States. The settlement of Jamestown, Virginia, was founded in 1607 by the London Company, chartered for the planting of colonies.Even though the first years were difficult,promotional literature was glowing.In one such piece,A True Declaration of the Estate of the Colonie in Virginia, published in 1610, we find this passage: "There are . . . Apossouns, in shape like to pigges.”This is the first recorded use ofopossum, although in a spelling that differs from the one later settled on to reproduce the sound of the Virginia Algonquian word from which our word came.The wordopossum and its shortened form possum, first recorded in 1613 in more promotional literature, remind us of a time when the New World was still very new, settlers were few,and the inhabitants for whom the New World was not new were plentiful.词语opossum 把我们带回到了早期的美国社会。 伦敦公司，作为开拓殖民地的委托者，在1607年建立了弗吉尼亚詹姆斯敦的居民点。即使在最初的年代里很困难，激进文学也开始抬头。在其中有一篇于1610年出版的弗吉尼亚殖民地的真实宣言 ， 其中有一段“一种形似猪的动物”，就是最早的关于opossum 的记录， 虽然它的拼写和现在我们所使用的弗吉尼亚阿尔贡金语的拼写有所不同。词语opossum 和其缩写形式 possum 最初于1613年记录在更加激进的文学作品中， 让我们回想起当新大陆还很陌生而且只有很少的居住者时，已有许多对于新大陆并不陌生的土著居民〔Blumenau〕A town of southern Brazil southwest of São Paulo. It was founded by German immigrants in the 1850's. Population, 144,785.布鲁墨蓝：巴西南部城镇，位于圣保罗西南，为德国殖民者于19世纪50年代建立。人口144,785〔Seeger〕American folk singer who was largely responsible for the revival of American folk music in the 1950's and 1960's. His songs, many of which have social or political themes, include "Where Have All the Flowers Gone" and "If I Had a Hammer.”西格，彼得：(生于 1919) 美国民歌手，曾大力推动了20世纪50年代和60年代美国民间音乐的复苏。他的许多歌曲以社会或政治为主题，主要作品有“花儿落向何方”和“假如我有铁锤”〔Dallas〕A city of northeast Texas on the Trinity River east of Fort Worth. It was founded by French settlers in 1841 and became a cotton market in the 1870's. Population, 1,006,877.达拉斯：美国得克萨斯州东北部一城市，位于特里尼地河沿岸、沃斯堡以东。1841年由法国殖民者建立，19世纪70年代成为一个棉花市场。人口1,006,877〔Faneuil〕American merchant who built Faneuil Hall in Boston (1742) and donated it to the city. The building was a meeting place for patriots during the Revolutionary period.法纳尔，彼得：(1700-1743) 美国商人，在波士顿建造了法纳尔大厅(1742年）并捐给该城。这座建筑物是革命年代爱国者们聚会的地方〔Coolidge〕The 30th President of the United States (1923-1929), who took office after the death of Warren G. Harding. A strong supporter of business, he encouraged speculation that led to a stock market boom in the 1920's, followed by economic collapse.柯立芝，（约翰）卡尔文：(1872-1933) 美国第30任总统，1923年至1929年在位，沃伦·G·哈定总统死后就职。他极力保护工商业并鼓励投机买卖，造成了20世纪20年代股票市场的繁荣，但随之发生了经济崩溃〔runic〕Runic The Germanic language of the oldest runic inscriptions from northern Europe, dating to between the third and sixth centuriesa.d., and considered by some to be close to or identical with the putative common ancestor of the North and West Germanic languages. Runic 北欧古字碑文：北欧最早古碑文上的日耳曼语，年代在公元 三世纪和六世纪之间，其被某些人认为与北部和西部日耳曼语的推定起源相近或相同 〔Soweto〕A city of northeast South Africa southwest of Johannesburg. Comprised of a number of townships inhabited by Black South Africans, it has been a center of racial strife since the late 1970's. Population, 868,580.索赤托：南非东北部一城市，位于约翰内斯堡的西南部。该市由若干南非黑人居住的城镇组成，20世纪70年代末以来，一直是种族冲突的中心。人口868,580〔Parsons〕American artist and arts patron whose New York gallery was a center of the abstract expressionist movement in the late 1940's.帕森斯，贝蒂：(生于 1900) 美国艺术家和艺术赞助人，其纽约画廊是20世纪40年代晚期抽象表现主义运动的中心〔byword〕"Polyester got its déclassé reputation in the 1970s after cheap, poorly made double-knit leisure suits became a byword for bad taste"(Fortune)"20世纪70年代，在经过粗制滥造的双面针织休闲服后，涤纶地位下降，变成低品味的代名词”(财富)〔Grosz〕German-born American artist. Associated with the Berlin Dada movement, he is best known for his biting antimilitaristic caricatures of the 1920's.格罗希，乔治：(1893-1959) 德裔美国画家。他与柏林达达主义运动有密切联系，并以其19世纪20年代辛辣讽刺军国主义的漫画而闻名〔Delphi〕An ancient town of central Greece near Mount Parnassus. Dating to at least the seventh centuryb.c. , it was the seat of a famous oracle of Apollo. 特尔斐城：位于希腊中部靠近帕拿苏斯山的一座古城，其年代至少可追溯到公元前 17世纪。它曾是著名的阿波罗先知所在地 〔bund〕Often Bund A pro-Nazi German-American organization of the 1930's. 常作 Bund 美国19世纪30年代的亲纳粹的德美协会〔unsettled〕these unsettled times.这些动荡不安的年代〔Paramount〕A city of southern California southeast of Los Angeles. Originally a dairy center, it became industrialized after the 1950's. Population, 47,669.帕拉蒙特：美国加利福尼亚州南部一城市，位于洛杉矶东南。开始是个乳品业中心，20世纪50年代后成为一个工业化的城市。人口47,669〔historian〕One who writes or compiles a chronological record of events; a chronicler:编史家：按照年代编写历史的人；编史家：〔Lausanne〕A city of western Switzerland on the northern shore of Lake Geneva. Originally a Celtic settlement, Lausanne became a center of Calvinism after the 1530's and was home to Voltaire, Gibbon, and Rousseau in the 18th century. Population, 126,200.洛桑：瑞士西部一城市，位于日内瓦湖北岸。最初是一个凯尔特人的住宅区。16世纪30年代后成为一个加尔文教中心。18世纪时伏尔泰、吉朋和卢梭均住于此地。人口126,200〔Burlington〕A city of southeast Iowa on hills overlooking the Mississippi River. Settled in the 1830's, it was the temporary capital of Iowa Territory (1838-1840). Population, 27,208.伯灵顿：美国衣阿华州东南部一个城市，位于密西西比河畔的山上。建于19世纪30年代，曾是衣阿华地区的临时首府(1838-1840年）。人口27,208〔Hooverville〕A crudely built camp put up usually on the edge of a town to house the dispossessed and destitute during the depression of the 1930's.胡佛村：20世纪30年代大萧条时期为破产者和赤贫者，在城市边缘建造的简陋的帐篷〔see〕"Her long reign saw the heyday of verbal humor"(Richard Kain)"The 1930s saw the development of sulfa drugs and penicillin"(Gregg Easterbrook)“她长时间统治期间为口语幽默的全盛期”(理查德·凯恩)"20世纪30年代是磺胺剂和盘尼西林研制开发完成的阶段”(格雷格·伊斯特布鲁克)〔Manchester〕The largest city of New Hampshire, in the southeast part of the state on the Merrimack River north of Nashua. Incorporated as Derryfield in 1751 and renamed in 1810, it was an important textile center from the mid-1800's until the 1930's. Population, 99,567.曼彻斯特市：美国新罕布什尔州最大的城市，位于纳什阿的北面，该州东南部的梅里马克河沿岸。1751年建城时命名为德里菲尔德。1810年改为此名。从19世纪中期直到20世纪30年代，它都是个重要的纺织中心。人口99,567〔trashed〕Expressions for intoxication are among those that best showcase the creativity of slang. The boundless inventiveness in expressing the ordinary in not-so-ordinary ways led Walt Whitman to describe slang as"an attempt of common humanity to escape from bald literalism, and express itself illimitably.” Colloquial and slang expressions meaning "intoxicated" can fill several pages in slang thesauruses. Most fall into a few general groups. Common are expressions that originally meant "damaged, badly affected by something,” such as trashed, smashed, crocked, blitzed, hammered, wasted, messed up, and blasted. Cooking terms are also common, such as baked, fried, and boiled (said to have been coined at Princeton University in the 1920s). Terms relating to liquids or being filled are a natural source of metaphors for filling oneself up with drink or drugs: sloshed, oiled, tanked, and loaded are but a few. Some terms are not easily classified or have origins that are not fully clear, such as tight (first appearing in the 1830s), plastered (first appearing around 1912), blotto (perhaps from blot, first appearing in 1917), and stoned (apparently taken from such expressions as stone-drunk, stone-cold, and first appearing as stone in 1945). Most current terms for "intoxicated" are not very old, as one expects of slang terms generally; of those in the lists above, blotto, crocked, fried, loaded, plastered, tanked, tight, and oiled are recorded in the first half of the 20th century, and of these only tight and oiled are known to have existed before then. 表示喝醉的词语充分体现了俚语的创造性。用非同寻常的方式创造极为寻常的俚语，其间蕴藏了无限创造空间，华尔特·惠特曼将俚语描述为“让平常心从文字束缚中逃离，并随性表达出来” 。表示“喝醉的，酒醉的”的口语以及俚语的表达方式，可以填满俚语同义词的数页空间。大多数俚语可归入几个分类。许多常见俚语的原意为“被破坏的，受某物负面影响”，如 trashed、smashed、crocked、blitzed、hammered、wasted、messed up 以及 blasted 。烹饪词汇也很普遍，如 baked、fried 和 boiled （据说由普林斯顿大学于20世纪20年代创造）。与液体或注入有关的词语是隐喻表示过多饮酒或吸毒而形成的自然来源： sloshed、oiled、tanked 和 loaded 只是其中少数例子。有些词语不易界定其类别或其原意较不清楚，如 tight （首次出现于19世纪30年代）、 plastered （首次出现于1912年）、 blotto （可能源自 blot ，首次出现于1917年）以及 stoned （显然来自词语 stone-drunk和stone-cold ，并于1945年首次以 stone 的形式出现）。正如大家对俚语的普遍看法，大多数表示“喝醉的，酒醉的”的现行词语都较新；在如上所列词汇中， blotto、crocked、fried、loaded、plastered、tanked、tight 和 oiled 首次见载于19世纪中叶，只有 tight 和 oiled 是所知早于那个时期 |
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英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。