| 单词 | 幸运的 |
| 释义 | 〔dismal〕Middle English [unlucky days, unlucky] 中古英语 [不吉利的日子，不幸运的] 〔clover〕Living a carefree life of ease, comfort, or prosperity.生活优裕，生活奢华：过着安逸、舒适或幸运的奢侈生活〔forgetful〕Fortunately for the author, he was soon oblivious of the vitriolic criticism. Sometimes the term implies lack of awareness: 幸运的是，就作者而言，他很快就忘了这些辛辣的评论。 有时这个词含有缺少意识的含义： 〔critter〕Critter, a pronunciation spelling of creature, actually reflects a pronunciation that would have been very familiar to Shakespeare:16th- and 17th-century English had not yet begun to pronounce the-ture suffix with its modern (ch) sound. This archaic pronunciation still exists in regional Americancritter and in Irishcreature, pronounced (krāʹtŭr) and used in the same senses as the American regionalism. The most common meaning ofcritter is "a living creature,” whether wild or domestic; it also can mean "a child" when used as a term of sympathetic endearment,or it can mean "an unfortunate person.”In old-fashioned regional speech,critter and beast denoted a large domestic animal. The more restricted senses "a cow,” "a horse,” or "a mule" are still characteristic of the speech in specific regions of the United States.The use ofcritter among younger speakers almost always carries with it a jocular or informal connotation. Critter 是 creature 这一词的发音拼法， 实际上反映了一种莎士比亚极其通晓的发音法：16和17世纪的英语中还没有开始用现代英语中的(ch)音来发-ture 这一后缀的音。 这一古发音法仍存在于地区性美语critter 中， 而且在爱尔兰语中creature (kra'tur)的发音和用法与地区性美语相同。 critter 这一词的最通用的意思是“生物”，无论是野生的还是家养的； 作为昵称时，它可以作“小孩”解释；它还可以指“一个不幸运的人”。在老式的地区性语言中，critter 和 beast 意指大型的家畜。 它的更狭窄的含义“牛”、“马”或“驴”则仍然是美国某些特定地区的方言中的特有含义。年轻人对于critter 的用法则几乎总认为是带有恢谐或非正式的含义 〔few〕the discerning few; the fortunate few.眼光敏锐的少数人；少数幸运的人〔mascot〕The wordmascot, which usually denotes something or someone that brings good luck, enjoys a positive meaning that is a distinct improvement over the meanings of some of its ancestors. Mascot came into English as a borrowing of the French wordmascotte, meaning "mascot, charm.”The English word is first recorded in 1881 shortly after the French word, itself first recorded in 1867,was popularized by the operaLa Mascotte, performed in December 1880. The French word in turn came from the Modern Provençal wordmascoto, "piece of witchcraft, charm, amulet,”a feminine diminutive ofmasco, "witch.” This word can probably be traced back to Late Latinmasca, "witch, specter.”Perhaps a mascot is as powerful as people think;fortunately, it is now in our corner.mascot 这个词通常指能够带来好运的某物或某人， 与其最早来源的几个词的词意相比，这个词所具有的褒义色彩是明显的进步。 Mascot 是借自法语的mascotte， 意思是“符咒，魔力。”该法语词的记录1867年出现不久，就在1881年有了这个英语词汇的最早记录，因1880年12月演出的一出歌剧La Mascotte 而流传开来。 法语中单词来源于现代普罗旺斯语mascoto ， 意思是“女巫的魔法，魔术，护身符”，一个意为“女巫”的masco 的阴性小词。 这个词可能追溯到后期拉丁语的masca ， 意为“女巫，幻象”。或许吉祥物这个词是指象人们想的一样魔力无边；幸运的是，它被我们记录进来了〔conflict〕"Fortunately analysis is not the only way to resolve inner conflicts.Life itself still remains a very effective therapist" (Karen Horney). “幸运的是分析并不是解决内部冲突的唯一方法，生活本身就是一种非常好的治疗方法” （卡伦·赫尼）。〔well〕Fortunate; good:幸运的；好的：〔hot〕Unusually lucky:异乎寻常的幸运的：〔odds〕"The artist and the self-critic . . . are, with a few felicitous exceptions, forever at odds"(Joyce Carol Oates)“艺术家和自我批评…，除了一些幸运的例外，永远争执不下”(乔伊丝·卡罗尔·奥茨)〔animadvert〕"a man . . . who animadverts on miserly patients, egocentric doctors, psychoanalysis and Lucky Luciano with evenhanded fervor"(Irwin Faust)“一个吝啬、苛刻的病人，自私自利的医生，精神分析学和幸运的卢奇给予公正评价的人”(欧文·福斯特)〔time〕A suitable or opportune moment or season:适当时机：合适或幸运的时机或季节：〔nice〕"For when mine hours/Were nice and lucky, men did ransom lives/Of me for jests"(Shakespeare)“因为当我的时间/是肆意且幸运的时候，人们将我的赎罪生活/视作笑柄”(莎士比亚)〔luckless〕Marked by, suffering, or promising lack of luck; unlucky.See Synonyms at unfortunate 背运的：有缺少运气的特征的，缺乏好运的，或注定没有好运的；不幸运的 参见 unfortunate〔happy〕Characterized by good luck; fortunate.幸运的；幸福的〔fortuitous〕In its best-established sense,fortuitous means "happening by accident or chance,” with no implication as to the desirability of the outcome:a fortuitous meeting may have either fortunate or unfortunate consequences. In this century, however, the word is often used with particular reference to happy accidents,as inThe company's third-quarter profits were enhanced as the result of a fortuitous drop in the cost of RAM chips. This use may have arisenbecausefortuitous resembles both fortunate and felicitous; it is well established in the writing of reputable authors.More controversial is the use offortuitous to mean simply "lucky or fortunate,” as inHe came to the Giants in June as the result of a fortuitous trade that sent two minor-league players to the Reds' organization. This use dates back at least to the 1920's,when H.W. Fowler labeled it a malaproprism.It is still widely regarded as incorrect,and writers who are unwilling to risk censure are advised to avoid it.从最公认的意义上说，fortuitous 的意思是“偶然发生的”， 不暗示结果是否称心：临时会议 可以有好或坏的结果。 然而在本世纪这个词常用于专指好的事件，如内存条价格的意外下降导致了公司第三季度利润的增加。 这种用法可能出现，因为fortuitous 类似于 fortunate 和 felicitous； 它用于有名望的作家的写作中。更有争论的用法是fortuitous 的含义为“幸运的或好运的”时， 如一次幸运的送两名小社团的运动员去红色组织的交易使他在六月去了巨人国。 这种用法至少可追溯到20世纪20年代，当时H.W.弗劳尔把它标作一个可笑的用法错误。现在这种用法仍被广泛地认为是错误的，建议不愿冒险受指责的作者避免使用〔stiff〕a lucky stiff; just an ordinary working stiff.一个幸运的家伙；不过是个平常的蓝领工人〔fortuitous〕Lucky or fortunate.幸运的，好运的〔happy〕a providential recovery. See also Synonyms at fit 1glad 1unhappy 幸运的康复 参见同义词 fit1glad1unhappy〔luck〕Enjoying success; fortunate.幸运的：享受成功的；幸运的〔happy〕from hap [luck] * see hap 源自 hap [幸运的] * 参见 hap〔Amis〕British writer best known for his novels, includingLucky Jim (1954) and Jake's Thing (1978). 艾米斯，金斯利：(生于 1922) 英国著名小说家，其作品包括《幸运的吉姆》 （1954年）和 《杰克的东西》 （1978年） 〔sunbeam〕The period of European history from the 5th to the 11th century,although often called the Dark Ages,in fact did much to preserve and extend the light of civilization.One of the relatively minor contributions of the time, albeit a fortunate one for us, is the addition of the wordsunbeam to the English language. The word is believed to have entered English in the 9th century through the work of the English king Alfred the Great. A scholar as well as a king, Alfred undertook a number of translations of great Latin writings,rendering them into the English of his time, now known as Old English.Among the works translated during Alfred's reign was a store of narratives and information about England's earliest connections with the Church,called theHistoria Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum, or The Ecclesiastical History of the English People, a work composed by the Venerable Bede. Several times in his book Bede uses the Latin phrasecolumna lucis, which we would today translate as "a column of light.”Since the Old English translator did not have the wordcolumn in his vocabulary, he substituted the word beam, which meant "a tree" or "a building post made from a tree.”Columna lucis thus became sunnebeām, or "sun post,” which survives as our sunbeam. Ifsunbeam is perhaps a less stately expression than "column of light,” it has nevertheless served us well. From it the wordbeam alone came to mean "a ray or rays of light"; it subsequently became a verb meaning "to radiate.”It now allows us not only to beam with pride or happinessbut also to beam our broadcasts to other countries and ourselves, as some would have it, through space.Column would never do. 欧洲历史上从5世纪到11世纪这段时期，尽管经常成为黑暗的年代，但为保存和发展文明之光做了很多努力。这个时期相对不太重要的贡献之一，但对我们来说 十分幸运的就是阳光光束 这个单词加进了英语语言中。 人们相信这个词是通过英格兰国王阿尔费雷德大帝的努力于9世纪进入英语的。阿尔费雷德不仅是位国王，他还是位学者，他着手翻译了许多部重要的拉丁文作品，他将它们译成他那个时代的英文，即现在所说的古英语。在阿尔费雷德统治时期翻译的作品中，有一部有关于英格兰与教会的最早联系的丰富叙述和信息，书名是Historia Ecclesiastic Gentis Anglorum 或 The Ecclesiastical History of the English People （英国人民的基督教历史），作者是尊敬的比德。 在这本书中，比德数次使用了拉丁文短语columna hucis ， 今天我们将其译为“一束阳光”。因为古英语翻译家在他所掌握的词汇中还没有column （柱子）这个词，所以他用 beam 这个词代替， 当时的意思是“树”或“用树做成的建筑物的支柱”。Columna lucis 就这样成了 sunnebeam 或“光束”， 它以 sunbeam 的形式存在。 或许sunbeam（阳光光束） 这种表达方法不如“光柱”这么堂皇，但是它很合我们用。 由此，beam 这个词单独也可作“一束光或多束光”讲， 而且它逐渐地变成了动词，意思是“发射，发光”。现在我们不仅可以说因骄傲或幸福而散发光彩，还可以说通过大气向其它国家和我们自己广播，如果他们进行的话。Column 可不行 〔lucky〕Occurring by chance; fortuitous.侥幸的：碰巧发生的，幸运的〔find〕the Rosetta stone, that providential archaeological find.罗塞塔石板，是一项幸运的考古发现〔fortunate〕Having unexpected good fortune; lucky.See Synonyms at happy 侥幸的，幸运的：无意中交了好运的；幸运的 参见 happy〔fortunate〕Bringing something good and unforeseen; auspicious.带来幸运的，吉利的：带来未预料到的好事（物）；幸运的〔schlimazel〕Yiddish shlimázl [bad luck, unlucky person] 意第绪语 shlimázl [恶运，不够幸运的人] |
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