| 单词 | 废墟 |
| 释义 | 〔waste〕A devastated or destroyed region, town, or building; a ruin.废墟：遭到毁坏或破坏之地区、市镇或建筑物；废墟〔reliquiae〕Latin [remains] * see relic 拉丁语 [化石，废墟] * 参见 relic〔Kenilworth〕An urban district of central England southeast of Birmingham. It is famous for the ruins of Kenilworth Castle, founded c. 1120 and celebrated in Sir Walter Scott's novelKenilworth (1821). Queen Elizabeth I gave the castle to her favorite, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. Population, 19,315. 凯尼尔沃思：英格兰中部的一个乡村地区，在伯明翰东南。因有凯尼尔沃思城堡的废墟而著名，这个城堡建于公元1120年，在沃尔特·司各特爵士的小说《凯尼尔沃思》 （1821年）中被提及，伊利莎白女王一世将这个城堡给了她的宠臣莱斯特伯爵罗伯特·都德利。人口19,315 〔Piranesi〕Italian architect and artist. His etchings of Rome and its ruins contributed to the revival of neoclassicism.皮拉内西，吉安巴蒂斯塔：(1720-1778) 意大利建筑师、艺术家，他的罗马及其废墟的版画为新古典主义复兴做出贡献〔Tula〕A town of central Mexico north of Mexico City. Impressive Toltec ruins have been discovered on the site. Population, 10,720.图拉：墨西哥中部一城镇，位于墨西哥城以北，令人难忘的托尔铁克废墟便发现于此。人口10,720〔ruinate〕from Latin ruīna [ruin] * see ruin 源自 拉丁语 ruīna [废墟] * 参见 ruin〔eyesore〕Something, such as a distressed building, that is unpleasant or offensive to view.刺眼的东西：视野中令人不愉快或发怒的东西，如废墟〔enormous〕colossal crumbling ruins of an ancient temple;古代神殿巨大的崩溃废墟；〔Pompeii〕An ancient city of southern Italy southeast of Naples. Founded in the sixth or early fifth centuryb.c. , it was a Roman colony by 80 b.c. and became a prosperous port and resort with many noted villas, temples, theaters, and baths. Pompeii was destroyed by an eruption of Mount Vesuvius in a.d. 79. The incredibly well-preserved ruins were rediscovered in 1748 and have been extensively excavated. 庞培：意大利南部的一座古城，位于那不勒斯东南。建立于公元前 6世纪或5世纪早期，直到 公元前 八十年，它一直是古罗马的殖民地，因有许多著名的别墅、庙宇、剧院和浴池而成为一个繁荣的港口和度假胜地。 公元 79年，庞培在维苏威火山的一次喷发中被摧毁。1748年，它难以置信地发现其完好保存的废墟被重新，而后大量地被挖掘 〔desolation〕The state of being desolate.废墟：处于荒芜的状态〔Petra〕An ancient ruined city of Edom in present-day southwest Jordan. It flourished as a trade center from the 4th centuryb.c. until its capture by the Romans in a.d. 106. The city was taken by Moslems in the 7th century and by Crusaders in the 12th century. The ruins of the "rose-red city" were discovered in 1812. 佩特拉：埃多姆王国的一个古代城市废墟，位于现在的约旦西南。从公元前 4世纪直到 公元 106年被罗马人占领，它一直是一个繁华的贸易中心。7世纪被穆斯林人统治，12世纪又被十字军统治。这座“紫红色的城市”的废墟于1812年被发现 〔detritus〕Accumulated material; debris:堆积物；废墟：〔Tikal〕A ruined Mayan city of northern Guatemala. It was the largest of the Mayan cities and may also be the oldest. Excavation and restoration of the ruins began in 1956.蒂卡尔：危地马拉北部的一座玛雅废城，曾是玛雅城市中最大也可能最古老的一座。挖掘和修复该废墟的工作始于1956年〔Sligo〕A municipal borough of northern Ireland onSligo Bay, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean. There are megalithic ruins nearby. Population, 17,232. 斯莱戈：爱尔兰北部一自治城市，濒临斯莱戈湾 ，为大西洋上的一个小港。附近有许多巨石废墟。人口17,232 〔Cuzco〕A city of southern Peru in the Andes east-southeast of Lima. It was built on the plundered site of an ancient city supposedly founded in the 11th century by Manco Capac, the first ruler of the Incas. As the capital of a vast and prosperous empire, it was known as "the City of the Sun.” Population, 89,563.库斯科：秘鲁南部的一个城市，位于利马东南偏东的安第斯山脉中。它建在一个古城的废墟上，据推测该古城是由印加族的第一位统治者曼科·卡帕克于11世纪建立的。作为一个地域广阔、繁荣强大的帝国的首都，它被誉为“太阳城”。人口89,563〔Angkor〕A major archaeological site in northwest Cambodia and the capital of the Khmer empire from the 9th to the 15th century. The ruins include two important Hindu temple complexes, Angkor Wat (12th century) and Angkor Thom (13th century). The site has been extensively damaged by warfare.吴哥窟：柬埔寨西北的重要考古遗址，曾是9世纪至15世纪高棉帝国的首都。废墟包括两座重要的印度教庙宇建筑，吴哥窟(12世纪）和吴哥寺(13世纪）。该地曾在战乱中被严重地破坏〔tell〕A mound, especially in the Middle East, made up of the remains of a succession of previous settlements.土堆：一系列先前定居地的废墟组成的大土丘，尤其是在中东〔Anuradhapura〕A town of north-central Sri Lanka north-northeast of Colombo. The ancient capital of Singhalese kings of Ceylon, it has extensive ruins and is a Buddhist pilgrimage center. Population, 36,000.阿努拉达普拉：斯里兰卡中北部科伦坡东北偏北的一座城镇。是锡兰岛锡兰族国王的古都，有大片的废墟并且是佛教朝圣中心。人口36,000〔waster〕One that lays waste; a destroyer:毁坏者：留下废墟的人；毁坏者：〔tomato〕It has been said that the real contributions to world civilization were made by the unknown inhabitants of the Americas who domesticated plants such as the potato and squash and not by the great pre-Columbian civilizations, including that of the Aztecs.The tomato was another contribution,its name coming ultimately from the Nahuatl language spoken by the Aztecs as well as by other groups in Mexico and Central America.The Spanish, who conquered the area, brought back the tomato to Spain and,borrowing the Nahuatl wordtomatl for it, named ittomate, a form shared in French, Portuguese, and early Modern English.Tomate, first recorded in 1604, gave way totomato, a form created in English either because it was assumed to be Spanish or under the influence of the wordpotato. In any case,as is well known,people resisted eating this New World food at first because its membership in the Nightshade family made it suspect,but it is now eaten throughout the worldwhile Aztec civilization is memorialized by ruins.据说对世界文明真正作出贡献的并非是包括阿兹特克文明在内的哥伦布到达前的美洲文明，而是那些家庭种植土豆、南瓜等的不知名的美洲居民。西红柿是其中的另一贡献，它的名字最终的来源是阿兹特克人和其他墨西哥和中美洲居民使用的纳瓦特尔语。征服了该地区的西班牙人把西红柿带回了西班牙，并且借用了纳瓦特尔语的单词tomatl ， 把它称作tomate ， 这个形式为法语、葡萄牙语和早期现代英语所通用。Tomate ，最早记录于1604年， 后来被英语中诞生的一个形式tomato 所取代。 取代的原因可能是因为形式上更象西班牙语或是因为受单词potato 的影响。 不管怎么样，就像我们知道的，由于它属于茄科使它受到怀疑，人们起初拒绝吃它，不过现在全世界的人们都在吃西红柿，而阿兹特克文明都只存在于废墟之中了〔Troy〕Also Il.i.on [ĭlʹē-ən, -ŏn'] or Il.i.um [-ē-əm] An ancient city of northwest Asia Minor near the Dardanelles River. Originally a Phrygian city dating from the Bronze Age, it is the legendary site of the Trojan War and was captured and destroyed by Greek forces c. 1200b.c. The ruins of Troy were discovered by Heinrich Schliemann in 1871. 也作 Il.i.on [ĭlʹē-ən, -ŏn'] 或 Il.i.um [-ē-əm] 特洛伊：小亚细亚西北一古城，位于达达尼尔河附近。从青铜器时代起便是一座弗里吉亚城市，传说为特洛伊战争所在地，大约在公元前 1200年被希腊军队侵占并毁灭。特洛伊城废墟于1871年由海因里希·希里曼发现 〔clear〕clear the table; clear the road of debris.收拾桌子；清理路上的废墟〔ruinous〕Falling to ruin; dilapidated or decayed.破败的；废墟的或破败的〔ruin〕Often ruins The remains of something destroyed, disintegrated, or decayed: 常作 ruins 废墟，遗迹：被毁坏、瓦解或腐烂的某物的遗迹：〔ruin〕 demolish, to pull down or break to pieces,and the more generaldestroy, to tear down, can all imply reduction to ruins or even complete obliteration: demolish 指推倒或粉碎，destroy 的意义更广泛，指拆毁，拆卸。 这三个词都可指使变为废墟或彻底消失： 〔Persepolis〕An ancient city of Persia northeast of modern Shiraz in southwest Iran. It was the ceremonial capital of Darius I and his successors. Its ruins include the palaces of Darius and Xerxes and a citadel that contained the treasury looted by Alexander the Great.波斯波利斯：波斯一古城，位于伊朗的西南部、今天的设拉子东北。它是大流士一世和他的胜利者们举行庆典的首都。其废墟包括大流士和色雷斯的宫殿及亚历山大大帝藏宝的城堡〔Bonampak〕A ruined Mayan city near present-day Tuxtla Gutiérrez in southern Mexico. The ruins, with temples and well-preserved frescoes, were discovered in 1946.波拿蒙派克：今墨西哥南部的图斯特拉-古铁雷斯附近的一座遭毁坏的玛雅城市。其废墟连同寺庙和保存完好的壁画，于1946年被发现〔Ahvaz〕A city of southwest Iran north-northeast of Basra, Iraq. Modern Ahvaz was built on extensive ruins of an ancient Persian city. Population, 471,000.阿瓦士：伊朗西南部城市，位于伊拉克巴斯拉市的东北部偏北。现代的阿瓦士是在一座古代波斯城的大片废墟上建立起来的。人口471,000 |
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