| 单词 | 开端 |
| 释义 | 〔preliminary〕Something that precedes, prepares for, or introduces the main matter, action, or business.开端，初步：先于、准备或介绍主要事件、行动或业务的事〔beginning〕The act or process of bringing or being brought into being; a start.开始：使某事物开始存在或成为现实的动作或过程；开端〔smart〕a smart suit; a smart restaurant; the smart set.See Synonyms at fashionable 时髦的套装；雅致的餐馆；良好的开端 参见 fashionable〔low〕Ranked near the beginning of an ascending series or scale:位置低的：排在接近上升系列或等级的开端的：〔preamble〕An introductory occurrence or fact; a preliminary.开端：预兆性事件或事实；开端〔offset〕The start or initial stage; the outset.开始，开端：开始或初始阶段〔threshold〕The place or point of beginning; the outset.起点：开始的地方或地点；开端〔preface〕An informal brunch served as a preface to the three-day conference.以一顿非正式的早午餐做为三天会议的开端〔inception〕The beginning of something, such as an undertaking; a commencement.See Synonyms at origin 起头，开端：某事的开始，比如一项任务；开端 参见 origin〔prelude〕An introductory performance, event, or action preceding a more important one; a preliminary or preface.序幕：先于较重要部分的介绍性表演，事件或行动；开端或序〔start〕A beginning; a commencement.开始：开始；开端〔preface〕Something introductory; a preliminary:序幕：开头的事物；开端：〔wedge〕Something that forces an opening or a beginning:引起开端或开始的东西：〔protolithic〕Of, relating to, or characteristic of the very beginning of the Stone Age; Eolithic.原石器时代的：石器时代开端的，与其有关的或有其特征的；始石器时代的〔setout〕A start or beginning; an outset.开始或开端；开端〔genesis〕The coming into being of something; the origin.See Synonyms at beginning 开端，起源：某物的形成；起源 参见 beginning〔base〕Groundwork is most often applied figuratively, in the sense of a necessary preliminary: Groundwork 最常用作比喻，表示必需的开端： 〔initiative〕A beginning or introductory step; an opening move:率先，开端：开始的、初级的阶段；公开的行动：〔seed〕A source or beginning; a germ.萌芽，开端；起因〔favorable〕The project had an auspicious beginning.这个计划有一个良好的开端。〔season〕One of the four natural divisions of the year, spring, summer, fall, and winter, in the North and South Temperate zones. Each season, beginning astronomically at an equinox or a solstice, is characterized by specific meteorological or climatic conditions.季节：在北温带和南温带中一年的四个自然分段：春、夏、秋、冬。每一个季节都以天文上的一个平分点或至日为开端，特点是有特定的气象或气候状况〔principle〕Despite generations of spelling lessons,the wordsprinciple and principal are still commonly confused. Perhaps an understanding of their history will help in keeping them straight.Both words go back to the same Latin word,prīnceps, meaning "first, as in time, position, or authority.”The split that has caused all the trouble occurred in the next stage of development.Fromprīnceps were derived the noun prīncipium, "start, origin, guiding principle,” the adjectiveprīncipālis, "first in importance or esteem,” and the noun prīncipālis, "a leading citizen.” Clearly the latter two words with theā between the p and the l have given us the adjectiveprincipal (first recorded around 1300) and the noun principal (also first recorded in a work composed around 1300).Perhaps it should not be mentioned that one Middle English spelling for the noun wasprinciple. On the other hand,the Latin wordprīncipium and its Old French descendant principe were involved in the creation of the word principle in Middle English, first recorded in a work written around 1380.Words likemanciple and participle influenced the spelling of this new word, but again perhaps we should keep silent about the fact that we also find the word spelledprincipal and prinsipal in Middle English. A key point to remember about these seemingly aberrant Middle English spellings isthat in Middle English spelling was not nearly as fixed as it usually is today,a development that was much furthered by the invention of printing.When we interchange spellings forprinciple and principal, we are doing something that would have been less of a fault in the days before the conformity imposed on us by this marvelous invention. 尽管在拼写课上反复强调，principle 和 principal 还是被人们搞混。 或许了解一下这两个词的历史有助于我们弄清楚它们的拼写。两个词都可追溯到同一个拉丁词princeps， 意为“在时间，地位或权威上第一的”。引起所有麻烦的分裂出现在发展过程的下一个阶段。从princeps 派生出了名词 principium， 意为“开端，根源，指导性原则，” 形容词principalis “最重要的或最受尊敬的”及名词 principalis 意为“处于领导地位的公民”。 显然，后两个词在p 和 l 之间带有 ā， 这就使我们有了形容词principal （最早记录于1300年左右）和名词 principal （最早记录也是在大约1300年左右创作的作品中）。或许我们不应提到这个名词在中古英语中的一种拼法是principle 。 另一方面，拉丁词principium 和其古法词的派生词 principe 共同作用创造了中古英语单词 principle， 最早记录于写于约1380年的一部作品。象manciple 和 participle 这样的单词都影响了这个新单词的拼写， 但是或许我们应该再一次对于这个单词也曾在中古英语中被拼写成principal 和 prinsipal 这一事实保持沉默。 记住这些在中古英语中貌似反常的拼写的关键在于，在中古英语中的拼写方式几乎不象今天这么固定，因为当时还没有发明印刷术。当这项神奇的发明把拼写一致的原则加到我们头上之前，我们把principle 和 principal 的拼写互相交换，也算不上什么大错 〔eternity〕Time without beginning or end; infinite time.永恒：无开端或结尾的时间；无限的时间〔continual〕Eternal refers to what is everlasting, especially to what is seemingly without temporal beginning or end: Eternal 指永久性的，尤指那些看上去似乎在时间上没有开端和结束的事物： 〔preliminary〕Latin līmen līmin- [threshold] 拉丁语 līmen līmin- [入口，开端] 〔menarche〕Greek arkhē [beginning] from arkhein [to begin] 希腊语 arkhē [开端] 源自 arkhein [开始] 〔beginning〕The front matter is at the beginning of the book.前言在书的开端〔endarch〕Greek arkhē [beginning] from arkhein [to begin, rule] 希腊语 arkhē [开始，开端] 源自 arkhein [开始，统治] 〔prelude〕To serve as a prelude or an introduction.作为序幕或开端〔cut〕To learn or do as a beginner or at the start of one's career.初学乍练：作为初学者或在某人职业的开端学着做〔dawn〕A first appearance; a beginning:最先出现；开端：〔debut〕The beginning of a course of action:出台：一件事的开端：〔preparative〕Something that prepares for or acts as a preliminary to something following.预备：为随后的事作准备或作为其开端的事物〔derivation〕The form or source from which something is derived; an origin.起源：导出某物的形式或源泉；开端〔fill〕To stop or plug up (an opening, for example).塞住：停止或阻塞（比如一个开端）〔incipit〕The beginning or opening words of the text of a medieval manuscript or early printed book.起始为：中世纪的手本或早期印刷书籍的开端或前言 |
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