| 单词 | 弗吉尼亚 |
| 释义 | 〔Glasgow〕American writer known for her realistic, historical novels of Virginia, such asIn This Our Life (1941), for which she won a Pulitzer Prize. 格拉斯哥，埃伦·安德逊·古尔逊：(1873?-1945) 美国作家，以其现实的有关弗吉尼亚的历史小说著名，比如《在我们这样的生活里》 （1941年），她因此获得普利策奖 〔Reston〕A community of northeast Virginia, a suburb of the Washington, D.C.-Alexandria, Virginia, area. Population, 48,556.雷斯顿：弗吉尼亚东北部的一社区，是弗吉尼亚地区的华盛顿特区一亚历山大的郊区。人口48,556〔hickory〕Short for Virginia Algonquian pocohiquara [drink made of pressed hickory nuts] 弗吉尼亚的阿尔贡金语 pocohiquara的简写 [山核桃果实榨后制成的饮料] 〔Fairfax〕An independent city of northeast Virginia, a residential suburb of Washington, D.C. Population, 19,622.费尔法克斯：美国弗吉尼亚东北部的自治市，华盛顿特区近郊的住宅区。人口19,622〔pennywort〕A North American plant(Obolaria virginica) having fleshy leaves and small white or purplish flowers. 弗吉尼亚光钱草：一种长有柔嫩多汁的叶子和白紫色小花的北美（弗吉尼亚光叶草） 植物 〔Norfolk〕An independent city of southeast Virginia on Hampton Roads southeast of Richmond. Founded in 1682 and today the largest city of Virginia, it has been a major naval base since the American Revolution. Population, 261,229.诺福克：美国里士满东南汉普顿公路上弗吉尼亚州东南的独立城市。建于1682年，现为弗吉尼亚最大的城市，自从美国革命之后成为主要的海军基地。人口261,229〔we〕"How can we enter the professions and yet remain civilized human beings?”(Virginia Woolf)“我们怎样才能做这一行而仍旧保持文明人?”(弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫)〔staid〕"There is nothing settled, nothing staid in this universe"(Virginia Woolf)“在这个宇宙里没有什么是确定的，没有什么不变的”(弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫)〔Henry〕American Revolutionary leader and orator. A member of the House of Burgesses (1765) and the Continental Congress (1774-1776), he spurred the creation of the Virginia militia with his words "Give me liberty, or give me death" (1775). He also served as governor of Virginia (1776-1790).亨利，帕特里克：(1736-1799) 美国革命领袖，演讲家。曾为弗吉尼亚议会议员(1765年）及大陆会议议员(1774-1776年）。他的宣言“不自由毋宁死”(1775年）推动了弗吉亚民兵的创立。他曾任弗吉尼亚州州长(1776-1790年）〔Richmond〕The capital of Virginia, in the east-central part of the state on the James River north of Petersburg. Settled in the 17th century, it became the capital of Virginia in 1779 and was strategically important in the American Revolution and the Civil War, during which it was the capital of the Confederacy. The evacuation of Richmond by Confederate troops on April 3, 1865, led to Gen. Robert E. Lee's surrender to Gen. Ulysses S. Grant on April 9. Population, 203,056.里士满：弗吉尼亚州首府，位于该州的中东部，彼得斯堡以北的詹姆斯河畔。建于17世纪，1779年成为弗吉尼亚首府，在美国革命及国内战争中具有战略重要性，内战中它是南方联邦的首都。1865年4月3日南联邦军队从里士满的撤退导致了4月9日罗伯特E·李将军向尤利塞斯S·格兰特将军的投降。人口203,056〔pone〕Virginia Algonquian poan, appoans [cornbread] 弗吉尼亚的阿尔贡金语 poan, appoans [玉米面包] 〔pocosin〕In coastal Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, and the Carolinas,a swamp or marsh can be called apocosin or a dismal, the second term illustrated in the name of the Dismal Swamp on the border of North Carolina and Virginia.The wordpocosin possibly comes from Virginia Algonquian. The early settlers usedpocosin as a designation for low, swampy ground, especially a wooded swamp.在大西洋沿岸的弗吉尼亚、马里兰、特拉华和南北卡罗来纳州，一片沼泽或湿地可被称作pocosin 或 dismal， 后一称呼在位于北卡罗莱那和弗吉尼亚边界的迪斯默尔沼泽的名称中得到了说明。Pocosin 可能来自弗吉尼亚的阿尔贡金语。 早期的殖民者们用pocosin 作为低而潮湿的地面的称呼， 尤其是一片长有树木的沼泽〔Dinwiddie〕Scottish-born British colonial administrator in Virginia. As lieutenant governor of the colony (1751-1758) he attempted unsuccessfully to secure the frontier regions against the encroachments of the French.丁威迪，罗伯特：(1693-1770) 出生于苏格兰的英格兰驻弗吉尼亚殖民地行政长官。在担任殖民地代理总督时（1751-1758年），未能成功地抵御法国入侵以保护边境地区安全〔Jefferson〕The third President of the United States (1801-1809). A member of the second Continental Congress, he drafted the Declaration of Independence (1776). His presidency was marked by the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France (1803) and the Tripolitan War (1801-1805). A political philosopher, educator, and architect, Jefferson designed his own estate, Monticello, and buildings for the University of Virginia.杰斐逊，托马斯：(1743-1826) 第三届美国总统(1801-1809年）。他是第二次大陆会议的成员并起草了《独立宣言》(1776年）。他因在总统任职期间从法国购买了路易斯安那地区(1803年）和的黎波里战争(1801-1805年）而著名。他是一位政治理论家、教育家和建筑师，自行设计了蒙提萨罗庄园，并创办了弗吉尼亚大学〔Yeardley〕English colonial administrator who as governor of Virginia (1619-1621 and 1626-1627) convoked the first representative assembly in the New World (1619).耶尔德利，乔治：(1587?-1627) 英国殖民地行政长官，曾任弗吉尼亚总督(1619—1621及1626—1627年），他召集了新大陆的第一次代表会议(1619年）〔Annandale〕A city of northeast Virginia, a suburb of Alexandria and Washington, D.C. Population, 50,975.安南达尔：弗吉尼亚东北部一城市，是亚历山大和华盛顿特区的郊区。人口50,975〔maypop〕[perhaps of Virginia Algonquian origin] [可能源于弗吉尼亚阿尔贡金语] 〔raccoon〕[Of Virginia Algonquian origin] [来源于美国弗吉尼亚阿尔汞金语] 〔Argall〕English colonial administrator who was deputy governor of the Virginia colony (1617-1619).阿戈尔，塞缪尔：(1572?-1626) 英国殖民行政长宫，他是弗吉尼亚殖民地指定代理统治者（1617-1619年）〔Smith〕English colonist, explorer, and writer whose maps and accounts of his explorations in Virginia and New England were invaluable to later explorers and colonists.史密斯，约翰：(1580?-1631) 英国殖民者、探险家和作家，他绘制的弗吉尼亚和新英格兰地区的地图以及关于他在该地探险的描述，对后来的探险家和殖民者有极高的价值〔cowslip〕The Virginia cowslip.弗吉尼亚连香报春花〔pone〕A staple of the early American colonies from New England southward to Virginia waspone, a bread made by Native Americans from flat cakes of cornmeal dough baked in ashes.Derived from an Algonquian word meaning "to roast" or "to bake,”pone is one of several Virginia Algonquian words (including hominy and tomahawk ) borrowed into the English of the Atlantic seaboard. The wordpone, usually in the compound cornpone, is now used mainly in the South,where it means cakes of cornbread baked on a griddle or in hot ashes—as the Native Americans originally cooked it.从新英格兰往南至弗吉尼亚等早期的美洲殖民地人的一种主食玉米面包， 即由土著美洲人制作的一种面包，将扁平的玉米面团放在灰烬中烤制而成。pone 是由阿尔贡金语中一个意为“烤肉”或“烤面包”的词派生而来，它是被大西洋沿岸英语借用的几个弗吉尼亚阿尔贡金语词汇中的一个（还包括 homing牛奶玉米片粥 和 Bomahawk印第安战斧） 。 pone 这个词通常用在 cornpone 这一复合词中， 现在主要在美国南方使用，在那儿它意指在一只圆烤盘或热灰中烤出的玉米面糕——就象当初美洲土著人的那种做法〔Vienna〕A town of northeast Virginia, a residential suburb of Washington, D.C. Population, 15,469.维也纳：美国弗吉尼亚东北部一城镇，华盛顿特区的居住郊区。人口15,469〔rout〕"the flock of starlings which Jasper had routed with his gun"(Virginia Woolf)“贾斯珀用枪吓跑了一群惊鸟”(弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫)〔Woolf〕British writer whose works include fiction written in an experimental stream-of-consciousness style, such asMrs. Dalloway (1925) and To the Lighthouse (1927), and collections of essays, such as A Room of One's Own (1929). 吴尔夫，（阿德琳）弗吉尼亚（斯蒂芬）：(1882-1941) 英国作家，其作品包括以实证的意识流风格而作的小说，像《黛洛维夫人》 （1925年）和 《到灯塔去》 （1927年）和短论全集，如 《一间自己的房间》 （1929年） 〔terrapin〕from Virginia Algonquian 源自 弗吉尼亚的阿尔贡金语 〔puccoon〕[Of Virginia Algonquian origin] [源于弗吉尼亚的阿尔根奇安语] 〔jostle〕"Books written in all languages . . . jostle each other on the shelf"(Virginia Woolf)“各种语言写成的书…紧挨着排在书架上”(弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫)〔Powhatan〕The Algonquian language of the Powhatan, a dialect of Virginia Algonquian.波瓦坦语：波尔坦人的阿尔贡金语，为弗吉尼亚阿尔贡金语的一种方言〔Spotsylvania〕A village of northeast Virginia southwest of Fredericksburg. It was the site of a major but inconclusive Civil War battle (May 8-21, 1864).斯波特塞尔维那：弗莱德瑞克斯佰格西南弗吉尼亚东北部的一个村庄。它是一场重要但又不具决定意义的美国内战战役(1884年5月8至21日）的发生地点〔Danville〕An independent city of southern Virginia on the Dan River near the North Carolina border. Founded in 1793, it was the last capital of the Confederacy in 1865. Population, 53,056.丹维尔：美国弗吉尼亚南部一自治城，位于达恩河畔、邻近北卡罗来纳州边界。建于1793年，它是1865年南部联邦的最后一个首府。人口53,056〔Wister〕American writer known for his novelThe Virginian (1902), often considered the first Western. 威斯特，欧文：(1860-1938) 美国作家，因其小说《弗吉尼亚人》 （1902年）而著名，该小说通常被认为是第一部西部小说 〔other〕"the eyes of others our prisons; their thoughts our cages"(Virginia Woolf)“他人的目光是我们的监狱；他人的思想是我们的牢笼”(弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫)〔Albee〕American playwright. Best known forWho's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1962), he won a Pulitzer Prize in 1967 for A Delicate Balance and in 1975 for Seascape. 阿尔比，爱德华·富兰克林：(生于 1928) 美国剧作家。最著名的作品为《谁怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙》 （1962年），他于1967年和1975年分别以 《优美的平衡》 和 《海景》 两度获普利策奖 〔general〕"subduing all her impressions as a woman, to something more general"(Virginia Woolf)“压抑一切女性的特质，变得像一般人一样”(弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫)〔Dale〕English-born naval commander and colonial administrator noted for his strict rule of Virginia from 1611 to 1616.戴尔，托马斯：(卒于 1619) 英裔海军司令和殖民地总督，因在弗吉尼亚(1611-1616年）的严厉法规而闻名〔venture〕"I would venture to guess that Anon., who wrote so many poems without signing them, was often a woman"(Virginia Woolf)“我冒昧地猜测，那个写下如此多诗歌的无名氏多半是个女人”(弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫)〔Arlington〕A county and unincorporated city of northern Virginia across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. Mainly residential, it is the site ofArlington National Cemetery, where American war dead and other notables, including William Howard Taft and John F. Kennedy, are buried. The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier commemorates members of the Armed Forces who were killed in World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. Population, 170,936. 阿灵顿：弗吉尼亚北部一个县，未经特许的市，与华盛顿市相隔波托马克河。主要是居住区，是阿灵顿国家公墓所在地， 那里葬有美国独立战争阵亡将士和其他包括威廉·霍华德·塔夫特和约翰·F·肯尼迪在内的名人。无名战士墓纪念美国军队中在第一次世界大战，第二次世界大战，朝鲜战争和越南战争中阵亡的将士。人口170,936 〔and〕It is frequently asserted that sentences beginning withand or but express "incomplete thoughts" and are therefore incorrect. But this rule was ridiculed by grammarians like Wilson Follett (who ascribed it to "schoolmarmish rhetoric") and H.W. Fowler (who called it a "superstition"),and the stricture has been ignored by writers from Shakespeare to Virginia Woolf.Members of the Usage Panel were asked whether they paid attention to the rule in their own writing:24 percent answered "always or usually,” 36 percent answered "sometimes,” and 40 percent answered "rarely or never.”See Usage Note at both ,but ,try ,with 通常认为用and 或 but 开始的句子表达“不完整的思想”，因而是不正确的。 但这条规则被一些语法学家所嘲弄，如威尔逊·弗莱特（称之为“古板的修辞”），和H·W福勒（称之为“迷信”），从莎士比亚到弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫之间的作家都忽视了这条规定。当用法专题小组的成员被问到在他们的自己写作中是否也注意到这条规则时：24%的人回答“一直是这样或一般是这样”，36%的人回答“有时这样”，40%的人回答“很少或从来没有” 参见 both,but,try,with〔Culpeper〕English colonial administrator who served as governor of Virginia (1677-1683).卡尔佩珀，托马斯：(1635-1689) 英国殖民统治者，他曾出任弗吉尼亚的总督（1677-1683年） |
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