| 单词 | 归类 |
| 释义 | 〔range〕To assign to a particular category; classify.分类：归入某一特定范畴；归类〔Banks〕British botanist noted for his circumnavigation of the globe (1768-1771) with James Cook, during which he discovered and cataloged many species of plant and animal life.班克斯，约瑟夫：(1743-1820) 英国植物学家，以其随詹姆斯·库克作环球航行而闻名（1768-1771年），旅行中他发现了许多种植物和动物并将其归类〔pigeonhole〕To classify mentally; categorize.留在记忆中：把…归类贮存于记忆中；把…分类，归档〔nonstandard〕The termnonstandard was introduced by linguists and lexicographers to describe usages and language varieties that had previously been labeled with terms such as vulgar and illiterate. Nonstandardis not simply a euphemism but reflects the empirical discoverythat the varieties used by low-prestige groups have rich and systematic grammatical structuresand that their stigmatization more often reflects a judgment about their speakersrather than any inherent deficiencies in logic or expressive power.Note, however, that the use of nonstandard forms is not necessarily restricted to the communities with which they are associated in the public mind.Many educated speakers freely use forms such ascan't hardly or ain't I to set a popular or informal tone. · Some dictionaries use the termsubstandard to describe forms, such asain't, associated with uneducated speech, while reservingnonstandard for forms such as irregardless, which are common in writingbut are still regarded by many as uneducated.Butsubstandard is itself susceptible of disparaging interpretation, and most linguists and lexicographers now use onlynonstandard, the practice followed in this Dictionary.词条nonstandard 被语言学家和词典编辑人引进用来描述以前已被词条，例如 vulgar 和 illiterate归类的用法和语言种类。 Nonstandand不只是委婉的说法， 而且反映了凭经验得到的发现：被具有权威的群体所用的语种有丰富而且系统的语法结构，而且这些误解被轻蔑描绘更经常地反映了对其说话者的判断，而不是对任何天生的逻辑和表达力的缺乏。然而，要注意，非标准语形式的运用并不必要限制于在公众心目中与其所联系的团体。许多受过教育的说话者自由地用这些形式如can't hardly 或者 ain't I 说流行或非正式的句子。 有些字典用substandard 来描述此类形式， 如ain't， 并与未受教育的言语相联系， 而同时保留nonstandard 用来形容 irregardless 这一类形式， 这些形式普遍用于写作中，但仍被许多人认为是未受教育的用法。但是substandard 本身很容易引起贬低含义的翻译， 大多数语言学家和词典编辑现在只用nonstandard， 在此词典后边有练习〔label〕To identify or designate with a label; describe or classify:把…归类，描述：用标签分别或命名；描绘或归类：〔categorize〕To put into a category or categories; classify.归类：分门别类；归类〔commit〕Some scientists relegate parapsychology to the sphere of quackery. 一些科学家把灵学归类到骗术范围。 〔access〕has access to the restricted area; has access to classified material.有权进入禁区；使用已归类的材料〔Herschel〕Family of British astronomers, including SirWilliam Herschel (1738-1822), who discovered Uranus (1781), was astronomer to George III, and cataloged more than 800 double stars and 2,500 nebulae. His sister Caroline Herschel (1750-1848) assisted in his work and published a star catalog. His son Sir John Frederick William Herschel (1792-1871) augmented William's work with the discovery of 525 nebulae and conducted notable research on light, photography, and astrophysics. 赫歇耳：英国天文学家族，包括发现天王星(1781年）的威廉·赫歇耳 (1738-1822年）爵士，他担任乔治三世的天象观测员并总结归类了800多颗双星和2,500个星云。他的妹妹 凯塞琳·赫歇耳 (1750-1848年），协助他工作并发表了一本星的目录。他的儿子 约翰·弗雷德里克·赫歇耳 爵士(1792-1871年），又发现了525个星云并进行了有关光、摄影和天体物理学的卓有成效的研究，从而扩展了威廉的成就 〔rank〕ranks A body of people classed together; numbers: ranks 群众：归类在一起的人们；成员：〔relegate〕To assign to a particular class or category; classify.See Synonyms at commit 把…归类：划分到一个特定的阶级或类别；分类 参见 commit〔rank〕To give a particular order or position to; classify.分等，分级：给予…特定的次序或位置；归类〔kingdom〕The highest taxonomic classification into which organisms are grouped, based on fundamental similarities and common ancestry. One widely accepted taxonomic system designates five such classifications: animals, plants, fungi, prokaryotes, and protoctists. See table at taxonomy 界：以基本特征相似和共同祖先为基础将生物体归类的最高级别分类的分类方法。一种被广泛采用的分类学系统表示为五大类别，动物、植物、真菌、原生物核和原生物 参见 taxonomy〔inositol〕Any of nine isomeric alcohols, C6H 12O 6·2H 2O, especially one found in plant and animal tissue and classified as a member of the vitamin B complex. 环己六醇，肌醇：一种同分异构乙醇，C6H 12O 6·2H 2O，尤发现于植物和动物组织内部并被归类为维生素B合成物中的一种 〔lovage〕A Mediterranean perennial plant(Levisticum officinale) having small, aromatic, seedlike fruit used as seasoning. 当归类的草本植物：一种地中海长年生植物，（拉维纪草 欧当归属） ，有小的，芳香的，种子状的果实，此果实用作调料 〔distribute〕To separate into categories; classify.分成几类；归类〔subsumption〕Latin subsūmptiō subsūmptiōn- [a subsuming] 拉丁语 subsūmptiō subsūmptiōn- [归类] 〔subsume〕To classify, include, or incorporate in a more comprehensive category or under a general principle:把…归类：把…归入一更大范围更广泛的类型中或归在一普遍原则下：〔choline〕A natural amine, C5H 15NO 2, often classed in the vitamin B complex and a constituent of many other biologically important molecules, such as acetylcholine and lecithin. 胆碱：一种天然的碳氢基氨，C5H 15NO 2，经常归类为维生素B复合体并且是许多其他生物重要分子的组成部分，如乙醯胆素和卵磷脂 〔alga〕Any of various chiefly aquatic, eukaryotic, photosynthetic organisms, ranging in size from single-celled forms to the giant kelp. Algae were once considered to be plants but are now classified separately because they lack true roots, stems, leaves, and embryos.水藻，海藻：一种主要为水生的，有真核细胞并进行光合作用的有机体，形体上从单细胞形式一直到大型巨藻。海藻曾被认为是植物，但因其缺乏真正的根、茎、叶及芽而已被单独归类〔whence〕It is difficult to label as incorrect a construction with such respectable antecedents.Still, it may be observed thatwhence (like thence ) is most often used nowadays to impart an archaic or highly formal tone to a passage, and that this effect is probably better realized if the archaic syntax of the word—withoutfrom —is preserved as well. 由于这样一些值得尊敬的先人，故而将其归类为一个不正确的结构就比较困难。不过，仍然可以注意到whence （如同 thence )在今天最常用来给一段文章赋予一种古体的或极其正式的语调， 并可以注意到如果该调整的古式构词方式（即不带有from 这个词）亦同样保留的话，该古体且高度正式的语调的效果则能更好地体现出来 〔battery〕An array of similar things intended for use together:整理成套,组：把相类似的东西进行归类、整理，以备使用： |
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