| 单词 | 当年 |
| 释义 | 〔Liaoyang〕A city of northeast China south-southwest of Shenyang. It is one of the oldest cities in Manchuria. Population, 275,000.辽阳：中国东北部的一个城市，位于沈阳西南偏南。是当年满洲最古老的城市之一。人口275,000〔Capernaum〕A city of ancient Palestine on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee. It was Jesus's home for much of his ministry and the site of many events in the New Testament. A nearby elevation is said to have been the setting for the Sermon on the Mount.迦百农：古巴勒斯坦一城市，位于加利利海的西北海岸。该城是耶稣从事其大部分传教活动时所住的地方，同时也是新约上所讲述的许多事件的发生地。城市附近一高地据说就是当年耶稣登山训示的所在地〔yearbook〕A usually bound publication compiled by the graduating class of a school or college, recording the year's events and typically containing photographs of students and faculty.年刊：由中学或大学的毕业班编辑并装订成册的刊物，纪录当年的事件，一般还包括学生们和全体教师的照片〔Maris〕American baseball player who spent most of his career with the New York Yankees (1960-1967). In 1961 he surpassed Babe Ruth's single-season record of 60 home runs and was named the American League's most valuable player for the second year in a row.马里斯，罗杰：美国棒球选手，大部分职业生涯都为纽约扬基队效力（1960年-1967年）。1961年他超过巴比·鲁思创下的单赛季60支全垒打的记录，并在当年和第二年蝉联美国棒球联盟最有价值球员〔yesteryear〕The year before the present year.去年：当年之前的一年〔Wiesel〕Romanian-born writer and lecturer. A survivor of Nazi concentration camps, he is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Holocaust. He won the 1986 Nobel Peace Prize.韦瑟尔，伊利：罗马尼亚裔作家和演讲者。作为纳粹集中营的幸存者，他致力于令后人铭记当年的大屠杀。他获得1986年诺贝尔和平奖〔Hood〕American Confederate soldier who commanded the Atlanta Campaign (1864) and was defeated at Nashville later that year.胡德，约翰·贝尔：(1831-1879) 美国南部邦联战士，指挥亚特兰大战役(1864年），并于当年晚些时候在纳什维尔战败〔trace〕"long lines of edifices, vestiges of whose ruins may still be found" (William Hickling Prescott); “现在仍可以找到当年鳞次栉比的大厦的遗迹” （威廉·希克林·普雷斯科特）； 〔hall〕Thehalls of academe and city hall remind us that what we commonly mean by the wordhall, "a passageway, an entrance room,” represents a shrunken version of whathall once commonly designated. Going back to the Indo-European rootkel- 1, "to cover,” the Old English wordheall, ancestor of our hall, referred to "a large place covered by a roof, whether a royal residence, an official building, or a large private residence, or a large room in a residencewhere the public life of the household is carried on.”These senses and related ones are still in use,as is attested bytown hall and halls of academe. Our common use of the termhall for a vestibule or a corridor harks back to medieval times when the hall was the main public room of a residenceand people lived much less privately than now.As private rooms in houses took on the importance they have today,the hall lost its function.Hall also had come to mean any large room, and the vestibule was at one time one of the main sitting rooms in a house,but this sort of room has largely disappeared also,andhall has become the designation for the small vestibule of today as well as for an entrance passage or any passageway.halls of academe 以及 city hall 提醒我们注意： 我们通常把hall 这个词定义为“走廊，门厅”， 反映出hall 这词当初设定时的通常含义的种种痕迹。 追溯到该词的印欧语词根kel- 1， 意思是“去覆盖”， 我们hall 这个词的来源是古英语中 heall 这个词， 它指的是“一个有屋顶覆盖的大地方或者属于皇室住宅、政府建筑或是一座大的私人府第或者是一所住宅中的大房子，主人在其中进行社交活动”。这些概念或与之相关的意思直到今天还有，比如说town hall 和 halls of academe 。 我们现在一般所用的，把hall 当作门厅或走廊的用法可以追溯到中世纪， 那时大厅是居住者的最主要的起居室，人们生活还没有今天这么隐私化，于今日个人房间在生活中占主要地位，大厅失去了它当年的功用。Hall 还曾意味着大房间， 而门厅在过去一段时间内曾是房屋中主要的一处起居室，但这样的房子大部分也都消失了，而hall 的意思已经变成指那些当今小的走廊， 或者是进出口处的走廊，或者是随便哪个走廊〔taboo〕Among the many discoveries of Capt. James Cook was a linguistic one, the termtaboo. Cook used this word in his journal of 1777while he was in the Friendly Islands (now Tonga).Hence, even though similar words occur in other Polynesian languages,the formtaboo from Tongan tabu is the form we have borrowed. The Tongans usedtabu as an adjective; they spoke of persons or things that weretabu, that is, "under prohibition, forbidden, or set apart. ”Cook, besides borrowing the word into English,also made it into a noun referring to the prohibition itselfand a verb meaning "to make someone or something taboo.”From its origins in Polynesian society the wordtaboo has spread throughout the English-speaking world and has been applied in ways that never occurred to the people from whom Cook originally borrowed it.詹姆士·库克船长的许多发现中有一个是语言上的，即taboo 这个词。 库克在他1777年的航海日志中使用了这个词，当时他在弗兰德里群岛（现在的汤加）。因此，虽然相似的词也曾出现在其它的波利尼亚语言中，但是从汤加语的tabu 发展而来的 taboo 这一形式就成了我们所借用的形式。 汤加人将tabu 用作一个形容词； 他们谈论某人或某事是tabu 的， 即意味着它们是“处于禁令下的、被禁止的或和别人分开对待的”。库克除了把这个词借用到英语中，还把它变成了一名词，表示禁止，也把它用作一个动词，意为“使其人或某事成为禁忌”。起源于波利尼西亚社会的taboo 这一词已在说英语的世界中被广为使用， 而它的一些用法是库克当年向其借用该词的人们所从未想到的 |
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