| 单词 | 很快 |
| 释义 | 〔quick〕quick to find fault.很快就找出错误〔honeymoon〕[Perhaps from a comparison of the moon, which wanes as soon as it is full, to the affections of a newly married couple, which are most tender right after marriage] [可能来自于月亮和新婚夫妻间爱情的对比，月圆之后很快便缺损，而新婚夫妻的感情在刚结婚后是最温柔的] 〔Ugarit〕An ancient city of western Syria on the Mediterranean Sea. It flourished as a trade center from c. 1450 to 1195b.c. but was destroyed soon after by an earthquake. Excavation of the ruins (beginning in 1929) have unearthed important cuneiform tablets. 乌加里特城：地中海边上叙利亚西部的一个古城。从公元前 1450年到1195年是一个繁荣的贸易中心，但很快毁于一次地震。对挖掘遗迹 （开始于1929年）出土重要的楔形文字碑文 〔gallop〕Summer was galloping by.夏天很快就过去了〔play〕It's your play. The runner was thrown out in a close play.该由你走了。赛跑者很快被封杀出局〔taxi〕"Taxi" is much easier to yell into the traffic thantaximeter cabriolet, the form from which taxi has ultimately been shortened. Taximeter comes from the French word taximètre, ultimately derived from Medieval Latintaxāre, "to tax,” and the French combining form -metre. Taximètre originally meant, as did its English companion, "a device for measuring distance traveled,” but this device was soon adapted to measure waiting time and compute and indicate the fare as well.Taximeter, first recorded in English in 1898 (an earlier form, taxameter, borrowed through French from German, was recorded in 1894), joined forces withcab, a shortening (1827) of cabriolet, "a two-wheeled, one-horse carriage.” This word, first found in English in 1766,came from Frenchcabriolet, of the same meaning, which in turn was derived fromcabriole, "caper,” because the vehicle moves along with a springing motion.Cab, the shortened form, was applied to other vehicles as well, including eventually public conveyances.Fitted with a taximeter, such a vehicle,first horse-drawn and then motorized,was known as ataxameter cab (1899), a taximeter cab (1907), and a taxicab (1907), among other names, includingtaxi (1907), a shortening of eithertaximeter or taxicab. Interestingly enough,the fullest form possible,taximeter cabriolet, is not recorded until 1959."Taxi"比taximeter cabriolet （最终缩写成 taxi 的形式）更容易在交通中叫出。 Taximeter 来源于法语 taximètre ， 它最早来自中世纪拉丁文taxare （“征税”）和法语复合形式 -metre。 Taximètre（与它的英语同伴一样，最初意为“测量行驶距离的设备”）， 这一设备很快适合于测量等待时间并计算和显示车费。Taximeter 在英语中首次记载于1898年（更早的形式 taxameter 是从德语通过法语借来的，记载于1894年）， 同cabriolet （“一种双轮双马马车”）的缩写形式(1827年） cab 结合。 这一单词最早于1766年在英语中发现，来源于具有同一种意思的法语cabriolet ， 它依次来源于cabride （“跳跃”）， 因为这种车辆移动时有跳跃的运动；缩写形式cab 还可以适用于其它的车辆， 包括最终的公共运输工具；被安装了自动计费器的车辆，开始是马拉的，后来装上马达，被称作taxameter cab (1899年）、 taximeter cab (1907年）和 taxicab (1901年）。 在其它的名称中包括taxi (1907年）， 它是taximeter 或 taxicab 的缩写形式。 非常有趣的是，可能是最全的形式的taximeter cabriolet ， 直到1959年才有记载〔Montreal〕A city of southern Quebec, Canada, onMontreal Island in the St. Lawrence River. Named after Mount Royal, a hill at its center, it was founded by the French as Ville Marie de Montréal in 1642 and grew rapidly as a fur-trading center and starting point for western exploration. The English captured the city in 1760. Today Montreal is Canada's largest city, a major port, and a cultural, commercial, and industrial hub. Population, 980,354. 蒙特利尔：加拿大魁北克省南部的一个城市，位于圣劳伦斯河上的蒙特利尔岛 由位于市中心的罗伊尔山而得名。1642年由法国人建立，取名为蒙特利尔玛丽城，它很快成为皮毛贸易中心和西部开发的起点。英国1760年占领城市。现在蒙特利尔是加拿大最大城市和主要港口以及文化、商业和工业中心。人口980,354 〔boycott〕Charles C. Boycott seems to have been forced by his strong sense of duty into becoming a household word.Boycott was the estate agent of the Earl of Erne in County Mayo, Ireland.The earl was one of the absentee landowners who as a group held most of the land in Ireland.Boycott was chosen in the fall of 1880 to be the test case for a new policy advocated by Charles Parnell, an Irish politician who wanted land reform.Any landlord who would not charge lower rents or any tenant who took over the farm of an evicted tenant would be given the complete cold shoulder by Parnell's supporters.Boycott, a former British soldier, refused to charge lower rents and ejected his tenants.At this point members of Parnell's Irish Land League stepped in,and Boycott and his family found themselves isolated—without servants, farmhands, service in stores, or mail delivery.Boycott's name was quickly adopted as the term for this treatment,not just in English but in other languages such as French, Dutch, German, and Russian.查理斯·C·博伊考特看来是因为其强烈的责任感而成为一个家喻户晓的词。博伊考特是爱尔兰麦奥县俄内伯爵的房地产经纪人。俄内是占有爱尔兰大部分土地的不在地主集团中的一员。博伊考特于1880年秋季被选为一项新政策的试点，此项政策是由一个企图进行土地改革的爱尔兰政治家──查理斯·帕内尔提出的。那些不愿降低地租的地主或接管被驱逐佃户土地的佃农都被帕内尔的支持者疏远。作为原英军士兵的博伊考特，拒绝收取低地租并且驱逐佃户。此时帕内尔爱尔兰土地联盟成员插手了，博伊考特及其家人发现他们被孤立了──没有仆人，农业工人，得不到商店服务，也没有人送信。博伊考特的名字很快就被用作这种对待方法的专有名词，不仅用于在英语中，而且也用于如法语、荷兰语、德语和俄语的其他语言中〔impact〕The power of making a strong, immediate impression:影响力：产生很快的、很深印象的力量：〔conk〕To fall asleep, especially suddenly or heavily:睡去：入睡，尤指很快很深地入睡：〔bog〕We worried that the heavy rain across the prairie would soon bog our car. Don't bog me down in this mass of detail.我们担心平原上的大雨将很快使我们的汽车陷入淤泥。不要让我陷入这些难缠的琐事中〔gun〕To proceed or perform with great speed, skill, or success.全速进行，大获成功：以很快的速度、高超的技巧或巨大的成功从事或完成〔Thessaly〕A region of east-central Greece between the Pindus Mountains and the Aegean Sea. Settled before 1000b.c. , it reached the height of its power in the sixth century b.c. but soon declined because of internal conflicts. 塞萨利：希腊中东部一地区，位于屏达思山和爱琴海之间。建于公元前 1000年之前，于 公元前 6世纪势力达到鼎盛但很快就因内乱而衰败 〔transpire〕Transpire has been used since the mid-18th century in the sense "leak out, become publicly known,” as inDespite efforts to hush the matter up, it soon transpired that the colonels had met with the rebel leaders. This usage was objected to as a Gallicism when it was first introducedbut has long been standard.The more common use oftranspire to mean "occur" or "happen" has had a more troubled history.Though it dates at least to the beginning of the 19th century,it has been the object of critical opprobrium for more than a hundred years,charged with being both pretentious and unetymological.There is some signthat resistance to this sense oftranspire is abating, however. In a 1969 survey the usagewas acceptable only to 38 percent of the Usage Panel;in the most recent surveyit was acceptable to 58 percent in the sentenceAll of these events transpired after last week's announcement (though many of the Panelists who accepted the usage also remarked that it was pretentious or pompous).Transpire 这个词从18世纪中叶开始一直有“泄漏，为公众所知”的意思， 如尽管竭力掩盖事实真相，但人们很快就得知军官们已经与反叛者的领导人会晤。 当这种用法一开始出现时，有人把它当作法国式用法而提出异议，但现在它早已成为标准用法。Transpire 更为普通的用法是“发生”或“碰巧发生”的意思， 这个用法的历史更为复杂。尽管这种用法至少可以追溯到19世纪初期，但一百多年以来它一直遭到批评反对，人们认为这个用法不仅矫饰而且在词源上毫无根据。但是有迹象表明，对transpire 的这个词义的异议正在消失。 在一次1969年进行的调查中，用法委员会成员中只有38%的人接受这种用法。在最近进行的一次调查中，有58%的人认为象在所有这些事件都发生在上个星期的宣告之后 这样的句子中，这个词的用法是可以接受的 （许多接受这种用法的使用者也指出这种用法很矫柔造作）〔dayflower〕Any of various plants of the genusCommelina having blue or purplish flowers that wilt quickly. 鸭跖草属植物：一种跖草属 植物，开有很快就枯萎的蓝色或微紫色花 〔polish〕To finish or dispose of quickly and easily.迅速地完成：很快且轻易地做完或抛掉〔bounce〕The patient bounced back to good health.病人很快痊愈了〔conjecture〕She quickly inferred from what I said that I had not heard the news. 她从我说的话中很快推断出我还没有得知这一消息 〔millrace〕The fast-moving stream of water that drives a mill wheel.水流：推动磨坊水轮的流速很快的水流〔regret〕He had hoped that our policy of not dealing with terrorists would be an example to other countries but soon realized, to his regret, that we didn't practice what we preached.他曾经希望我们不和恐怖分子打交道的政策能成为其他国家的榜样，但是很快就遗憾地认识到我们并不实施我们所宣扬的政策。〔mind〕Wit stresses quickness of intelligence or facility of comprehension: Wit 强调应变迅速或理解得很快： 〔knock〕To make or assemble quickly or carelessly.仓促完成：很快或粗粗地制作或拼凑〔what〕They soon repaired what damage had been done.他们很快修复了所受到的一切损坏〔pat〕They've got the system down pat. He has the lesson pat.他们开始认真考虑这种制度。他对这课学得很快〔identify〕In the sense "to associate or affiliate (oneself) closely with a person or group,”identify has developed two distinct subsenses. In one, the verb suggests a psychological empathy with the feelings or experiences of another person,as inMost young readers readily identify (or identify themselves ) with Holden Caulfield. This usage derives originally from psychoanalytic writing,where it has a specific technical sense,but like other terms from that field,it was widely regarded as jargon when introduced into the wider discourse.In particular,critics seized on the fact that in this sense the verb was often used intransitively,with no reflexive pronoun.As Wilson Follett wrote in 1966,"The critic . . . could help restore the true notion in these words if he would give upidentifying at large and resume identifying himself with Ivan Karamazov, Don Quixote, Mary Poppins, or whomever.” In recent years, however, this use ofidentify with without the reflexive has become a standard locution. Eighty-two percent of the Usage Panel accepts the sentenceI find it hard to identify with any of his characters; whereas only 63 percent now accepts this same usage when the reflexive pronoun is used,as inI find it hard to identify myself with any of his characters. · Omission of the reflexive with this use ofidentify serves among other things to distinguish it from use of the verb to mean "to associate (oneself) with the goals, interests, or principles of a group.” This use of the verb can be traced back to the 18th century,but it is now somewhat less acceptable to the Panel than the first sense under discussion:58 percent of the Panel accepts the sentenceShe identified herself with the campaign against drug abuse, and only 40 percent acceptsShe identified with the campaign against drug abuse, where no reflexive pronoun is used. 在“使（自己）密切联系或依附于别人”这一意思中的。identify 一词又有两种不同的含义。 第一，这个动词表现了对其他人的感情或经历在心理上的认同，例如大多数青年读者很快认同了 （或 identify themselves ) 霍尔顿·科尔菲德。 这种用法来源于有关心理分析的著作，在这些著作中，这个词具有特殊的科技含义，不过就象从该领域引入的其它词语一样，这个词在日常生活使用中还带有专业术语的痕迹。特别指出的是，批评家们在发现这个词常常作为不及物动词来用，后面不带反身代词。正如威尔逊·福勒特1966年写到的，“如果评论家们很早就全面放弃identifying 而重新使用 identifying himself with 伊万·卡拉玛佐夫、堂吉诃德、玛丽·波普斯等人物，那就会有助于探询出这些词的真实含意。” 不过，近年来使用identify with 中间不加反身代词已成为一种标准搭配。 用法专题小组中82%的成员认为我觉得很难认同于他小说中的人物 一句是正确的； 而现在只有63%的成员接受使用反身代词来表达同一意思的句子，即I find it hard to identify myself with any of his characters。 省略反身代词以及其它一些方法，使identify 这种用法区别于它作为动词在“与某个集团的目标、利益或原则相联系”一句中的意思。 它作为动词的用法可追溯到18世纪，不过对于用法专题小组来说它没有第一种解释那样被易于接受：58%的小组成员接受她支持反对滥用药物的运动 这一说法， 只有40%的成员接受不要反身代词的She identified with the campaign against drug abuse 这一说法 〔time〕With a quickly approaching time limit:争分夺秒地，尽快地：时限很快就要到了地：〔tire〕soon wearied of their constant bickering.很快他们对这种持续不断的争吵感到厌倦了。〔shade〕"The shades of night are falling fast"(Henry Wadsworth Longfellow)“夜幕很快降临”(亨利·瓦斯沃斯·朗费罗)〔apprehend〕"Intelligence is quickness to apprehend" (Alfred North Whitehead). Both “情报很快会捕获的” （阿尔弗雷德·诺思·怀特黑德）。〔tycoon〕Business tycoons may consider themselves captains or even princes of industry,but by virtue of being calledtycoons, they have already achieved princely status,at least from an etymological point of view.Tycoon came into English from Japanese, which had borrowed the title, meaning "great prince,” from Chinese.Use of the word was intended to make the shogun,the commander in chief of the Japanese army, more impressive to foreigners (his official titleshōgun merely meant "general"). In fact, the shogun actually ruled Japan,although he was supposedly acting for the emperor.When Matthew C. Perry opened Japan to the West in 1854,he negotiated with the shogun, thinking him to be the emperor.The shogun's title,taikun, was brought back to the United States after Perry's visit.Abraham Lincoln's cabinet members usedtycoon as an affectionate nickname for the President. The word soon came to be used for business and industry leaders—perhaps at times for those who had as much right to such an impressive title as did the shogun.The word itself now has an old-fashioned sound,but when we encounter it,we should think back to the days of Commodore Perry and President Lincoln,both of whom were real tycoons in their own ways.商界大亨可能把他们自己当成是工业界的长官或甚至王子，但是因为被叫做tycoon ， 他们早已达到了王子般的地位，至少从词源学的观点来说是这样。Tycoon 由日语进入英语， 而日语的这个头衔是从汉语借来的，意思是“大王”。使用这个词是为了使幕府将军，日本军队的总指挥官给外国人以深刻的印象（他的官方头衔shogun 的意思仅仅是“将军”）。 实际上，是幕府将军统治着日本，尽管他被认为是为天皇办事。当马修·C·佩里1854年使日本向西方开放时，他和幕府将军进行了谈判，以为他就是日本天皇。幕府将军的头衔taikun ， 在佩里访问美国后带到了美国。亚伯拉罕·林肯的内阁成员把tycoon 用作总统的充满感情的绰号。 这个词很快也被用于商界和工界的领导人，也许有时这些人象幕府将军那样有权以致给人深刻的印象。这个词本身听起来有点老派，但是当我们遇到它时，我们应该回想起佩里海军准将和林肯总统的时代，他们两人以各自的方式成为真正的巨头〔stroke〕My favorite stroke is butterfly. She had a very rapid stroke.我最喜欢的姿势是蝶泳，她频率很快〔twirl〕The act of twirling or the condition of being twirled; a quick spinning or twisting.很快的旋转：旋转的动作或者被旋转的状态；很快的旋转或转圈〔Orphism〕An ancient Greek mystery religion arising in the sixth centuryb.c. from a synthesis of pre-Hellenic beliefs with the Thracian cult of Zagreus and soon becoming mingled with the Eleusinian mysteries and the doctrines of Pythagoras. 俄耳甫斯教：起源于公元前 6世纪的古希腊神秘宗教，它综合了前希腊信仰和扎格列欧斯的色雷斯教并且很快与衣洛西斯奥义和毕达哥拉斯教义相混合 〔wag〕To move rapidly in talking. Used of the tongue.饶舌：说话时舌头动得很快。用于舌头〔erelong〕Before long; soon.不久以后；很快〔wave〕A maneuver in which fans at a sports event simulate an ocean wave by rising quickly in sequence with arms upraised and then quickly sitting down again in a continuous rolling motion.人浪：运动赛事的观众模仿海浪的操演，快速连续站起来、举起手、然后又以连续滚动的运动很快坐下〔blow〕The storm blew over quickly. The scandal will soon blow over.风暴迅速减退。丑闻将很快销声匿迹〔Leningrad〕A city of northwest European U.S.S.R. on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland. Founded by Peter the Great in 1703 as St. Petersburg, it soon flourished as his "window on Europe" and became the capital of Russia in 1712. Noted for its fine architecture and cultural achievements, the city was called Petrograd from 1914 to 1924. Moscow replaced it as capital in 1918. Population, 4,329,000.列宁格勒，圣彼得堡：苏联西北欧部分一城市，位于涅瓦河沿岸，芬兰湾的顶端。1703年由彼得大帝创建，被命名为圣彼得堡，很快就作为“欧洲之窗”繁荣起来，1712年成为俄国的首都。以其优美的建筑和文化成就闻名于世，从1914年到1924年期间，该市一度被称为彼得格勒。1918年莫斯科取而代之而成为首都。人口4,329,000〔upcoming〕Occurring soon; forthcoming.很快会出现的；即将到来的〔moment〕It took him a moment to answer.他很快就回答上了。 |
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