| 单词 | 微生物 |
| 释义 | 〔stromatolite〕A widely distributed sedimentary structure consisting of laminated carbonate or silicate rocks, produced over geologic time by the trapping, binding, or precipitating of sediment by groups of microorganisms, primarily cyanobacteria.叠层：分布广泛的叠层结构，由碳酸盐和硅酸盐的岩石叠层组成，经过地理年代由微生物群，最初为藻青菌，沉淀物的分离，结合或沉降形成〔killed〕Of, relating to, or containing microorganisms or infectious agents that have been inactivated so as to be incapable of causing infection:被消灭的；功能丧失的：包含已经停止活动并无法造成感染的微生物或与其相关的：〔syntrophism〕A biological relationship in which microorganisms of two different species or strains are mutually dependent on one another for nutritional requirements.互养，共同生长：生物间的一种关系，即两种不同物种或品质的微生物体互相依靠，从彼此的身上获取所需的营养〔bedsonia〕Any of a group of microorganisms of the genusChlamydia that are obligate intracellular parasites and include the causative agents of trachoma, psittacosis, and lymphogranuloma venereum. 衣原体属微生物，贝宗（氏）体属微生物：一种衣原体 属微生物群，是一种专性细胞内的寄生虫，包括颗粒性结膜炎、鹦鹉病、淋巴肉芽肿的病原体 〔infection〕Invasion by and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms in a bodily part or tissue, which may produce subsequent tissue injury and progress to overt disease through a variety of cellular or toxic mechanisms.传染：致病微生物侵入人体的某部分或组织，并且不断繁殖，接着造成组织损坏，最后通过一系列细胞或中毒机制发展为显性症状〔polyvalent〕Acting against or interacting with more than one kind of antigen, antibody, toxin, or microorganism.多价的：与一种以上的抗原、抗体、有毒物质或微生物反应或相互作用的〔buttermilk〕A cultured sour milk made by adding certain microorganisms to sweet milk.酸奶：在甜牛奶中加入某种微生物制得的发酵的酸味牛奶〔subculture〕One culture of microorganisms derived from another.次培养（菌）：从另一培养菌中得到的微生物培养〔rifamycin〕Any of a group of antibiotics originally isolated from a strain of the soil microorganismStreptomyces mediterranei, used in the treatment of leprosy, tuberculosis, and other bacterial diseases. 利福霉素：一种抗生素，最初是从一种土壤微生物地中海链霉菌 系中提取，用于治疗麻风病、结核病和其他细菌引起的疾病中 〔axenic〕Not contaminated by or associated with any other living organisms. Usually used in reference to pure cultures of microorganisms that are completely free of the presence of other organisms.无外来污染的，无生物污染的：没有被污染或和其它活的生物体发生联系的。经常用来指微生物的纯粹培养，这些微生物完全自由地游离于其它生物体的存在之外〔microbe〕A minute life form; a microorganism, especially a bacterium that causes disease. Not in technical use.微生物；细菌：一种极小的生命形式，一种微生物，尤指引起疾病的细菌，不用于技术用语〔microorganism〕An organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size, especially a bacterium or protozoan.微生物：一个微观或亚微观的有机体，尤指一个细菌或原生动物〔animalcule〕A microscopic or minute organism, such as an amoeba or a paramecium, usually considered to be an animal.微动物：通常被认为是动物的微生物或小生物，如阿米巴或草履虫〔germicide〕An agent that kills germs, especially pathogenic microorganisms; a disinfectant.杀菌剂：一种杀死细菌的药剂，尤指致病的微生物；杀虫剂〔actinomycete〕Any of various filamentous or rod-shaped, often pathogenic microorganisms of the order Actinomycetales that are found in soil and resemble bacteria and fungi.放线菌：属于放线菌目的丝状或杆状的，通常是发现于土壤中，与细菌和真菌相似的致病微生物〔eosinophil〕A microorganism, cell, or histological element easily stained by eosin or other acid dyes.嗜曙红白血球：容易被曙红或其它酸性染料染色的微生物、细胞或组织成分〔sterilize〕To make free from live bacteria or other microorganisms.消毒，使无菌：消除活细菌或其它微生物〔germ〕A microorganism, especially a pathogen.一种微生物，尤指病原体〔pyemia〕Septicemia caused by pyogenic microorganisms in the blood, often resulting in the formation of multiple abscesses.脓毒病、脓血病：由血液中的化脓的微生物引起的败血症，经常导致复合式脓肿的形成〔bioprocess〕A technique that produces a biological material, such as a genetically engineered microbial strain, for commercial use.生物工艺：生产商用生物学材料的技术，如基因工程微生物菌株〔chemotherapy〕The treatment of disease using chemical agents or drugs that are selectively toxic to the causative agent of the disease, such as a virus, bacterium, or other microorganism.化学疗法：使用对导致疾病的因素如病毒、细菌或其它微生物具有危害性的化学试剂或药品来治疗疾病的方法〔pacifarin〕Any of various bacterial products that, introduced in small amounts, protect an organism from an infection or a disease without killing the infectious agent.抑菌剂：任一种细菌产物，数量较小，在不杀死传染作用物的情况下保护微生物不受传染或疾病侵扰〔pasteurization〕The act or process of heating a beverage or other food, such as milk or beer, to a specific temperature for a specific period of time in order to kill microorganisms that could cause disease, spoilage, or undesired fermentation.巴氏杀菌法：对饮料或其它食物，如牛奶或啤酒，加热到一定温度并持续一段时间以杀死可能导致疾病、变质或不必要的发酵的微生物的行为过程〔sterile〕Free from live bacteria or other microorganisms:无菌的：没有活菌或其它微生物的：〔monovalent〕Containing antigens from a single strain of a microorganism:单抗原的：含有从单一微生物中取得的抗原的：〔pneumonia〕An acute or chronic disease marked by inflammation of the lungs and caused by viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms and sometimes by physical and chemical irritants.肺炎：一种急性或慢性疾病，特征是肺部发炎，由病毒、细菌或其它微生物引起，有时由物理和化学的刺激物引起〔fermentation〕Any of a group of chemical reactions induced by living or nonliving ferments that split complex organic compounds into relatively simple substances, especially the anaerobic conversion of sugar to carbon dioxide and alcohol by yeast.发酵：由将复杂的有机化合物分解为相对简单的物质的生物酶，或非生物酶引起的任何一组化学反应，尤其是由酵母菌引起的从糖到二氧化碳和氢氧化物的厌氧微生物转化〔serotype〕A group of closely related microorganisms distinguished by a characteristic set of antigens.血清型：一组按抗原特征区分的紧密相关的微生物〔pasteurization〕The act or process of destroying most microorganisms in certain foods, such as fish or clam meat, by irradiating them with gamma rays or other radiation to prevent spoilage.射线杀菌法：破坏某种食品，如鱼或蚌肉内的大部分微生物的行为或过程，通过γ射线或其它放射线辐射的防止变质〔thermoduric〕Capable of surviving high temperatures, especially those of pasteurization. Used of a microorganism.耐高温的：可在高温下存活的，尤指高温消毒中，用于微生物〔aerobiology〕The study of the sources, dispersion, and effects of airborne biological materials, such as pollen, spores, and microorganisms.空气生物学：关于空气传播的生物物质，例如花粉、孢子和微生物之起源、分散以及影响的学科〔infectious〕Caused by a pathogenic microorganism or agent.传染病的：由致病微生物或媒介导致的〔antisepsis〕Destruction of disease-causing microorganisms to prevent infection.抗菌法：消灭致病微生物防止传染〔pathogen〕An agent that causes disease, especially a living microorganism such as a bacterium or fungus.病原体：引起疾病的某一原因，尤指活的微生物有机体，如细菌或病毒〔tyrocidine〕A polypeptide antibiotic, produced by the soil microorganismBacillus brevis, that is a major constituent of tyrothricin. 短杆菌酪素：一种多肽抗生素，由土壤中的微生物土壤杆菌 产生，是混合短杆肽菌的重要组成部分 〔phagocyte〕A cell, such as a white blood cell, that engulfs and absorbs waste material, harmful microorganisms, or other foreign bodies in the bloodstream and tissues.吞噬细胞：一种细胞，如白血球，吞食和消化血液和组织中的废物、有害微生物或其它异物〔selenosis〕Poisoning, especially of livestock, caused by ingesting selenium found in some plants, in the soil, or in some microorganisms.硒中毒：因摄入某些植物、土壤或在某些微生物中发现的硒而引起的中毒，尤指家畜的中毒〔microbiology〕The branch of biology that deals with microorganisms and their effects on other living organisms.微生物学：生物学的一个分支，研究微生物及它们对于其它生物的作用〔fermenter〕An organism that causes fermentation.发酵物质，酵素：一种能引起发酵的微生物〔periplast〕An outer layer surrounding the cell membrane of certain microorganisms, such as a spirochete.质膜：某些微生物，如螺旋体，包围细胞壁的外层膜 |
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