| 单词 | 心智 |
| 释义 | 〔emotion〕A state of mental agitation or disturbance:激动：心智激动或不稳定的状态：〔pellagra〕A disease caused by a deficiency of niacin and protein in the diet and characterized by skin eruptions, digestive and nervous system disturbances, and eventual mental deterioration.糙皮病：一种由于食用缺乏烟碱酸和蛋白质的食物而引起的疾病，症状为皮肤出疹子、消化和神经系统紊乱及最终心智退化〔Jung〕Swiss psychiatrist who founded analytical psychology. Among his contributions to the understanding of the human mind are the concepts of extraversion and introversion and the notion of the collective unconscious. Jung's works includeThe Psychology of the Unconscious (1912) and Psychological Types (1921). 荣格，卡尔·古斯塔夫：(1875-1961) 瑞士精神病学家，创建了分析心理学。在了解人类心智方面做出的贡献是提出了外倾型和内倾型的概念以及集体无意识的概念。其著作包括《无意识心理学》 （1912年）和 《心理类型》 （1921年） 〔Beers〕American mental-health pioneer who as a patient discovered abysmal conditions in asylums. On his release he wrote an autobiography,A Mind That Found Itself (1908), and thereafter worked for international mental-health reforms. 比尔斯，克利福德·惠延厄姆：(1876-1943) 美国心理卫生学的先驱。作为一个病人，他发现了精神病院极端恶劣的条件。刚一出院他就写了一本自传《发现本体的心智》 （1908年），从此以后致力于国际精神卫生的改革工作 〔fancy〕The mental faculty through which whims, visions, and fantasies are summoned up; imagination, especially of a whimsical or fantastic nature.See Synonyms at imagination 想象力：心智机能，能产生想法、幻想、想象；想象，尤指有异想天开或空想的特性的 参见 imagination〔enlighten〕"Enlighten the people generally, and tyranny and oppression of body and mind will vanish like evil spirits at the dawn of day"(Thomas Jefferson)“普遍启迪人民群众，暴君和压迫阶级的主体和心智就会象魔鬼在黎明时分一样消逝”(托马斯·杰斐逊)〔insanity〕Unsoundness of mind sufficient in the judgment of a civil court to render a person unfit to maintain a contractual or other legal relationship or to warrant commitment to a mental health facility.精神失常：为民事法庭所判定的心智不健全状态，处于此状态下的个人被认为不适于维持合同或其他法律关系或应送交精神健康机构〔shrewd〕 Shrewd suggests a sharp intelligence, hardheadness, and often an intuitive grasp of practical considerations: shrewd 暗示一种机敏的心智，精明以及通常对实际事务的直觉把握： 〔mind〕A healthy mental state; sanity:健全的心智；正常的神志：〔exercise〕Activity that requires physical or mental exertion, especially when performed to develop or maintain fitness:锻炼身体：为发展或保持身体健康而采取的运用心智或体力的运动：〔preoccupation〕The state of being preoccupied; absorption of the attention or intellect.入神：全神贯注的状态；注意力或心智的专注〔father〕The verbfather has come to be used widely to mean specifically to "perform the child-rearing functions of a father,”particularly in the gerundfathering, as inFathering a step-child takes considerable tact and understanding. This usage reflects the same social changes that have led to the analogous use of the verbparent and has met with the same kinds of critical resistance.In the most recent surveythe example cited was rejected by 64 percent of the Usage Panel.A problem particular to this use offather is that it may occasion opportunities for humorous misconstruction,since it is in direct competition with the older sense of "beget.” ·It is notablethat the analogous use ofmother as a verb meaning specifically "to perform the child-rearing functions of a mother" is encountered only rarely.It is likely that the discrepancy in the frequency of these new uses ofmother and father reflects the fact that recent writers on family life have tended to place more emphasis on a reconceptualization of the traditional paternal role in child-rearing.See Usage Note at parent 动词father 被广泛应用， 尤指“履行一个父亲养育孩子的职责”，特别是动名词fathering， 如在抚育养子得花费巨大的心智和理解 。 这种用法反应了引起动词parent 相似用法的同样社会变化， 并遭到了同样的批评反对。在最近的调查中，引用的例子被用法专题使用小组64%的成员反对。特别对于father 这种用法的一个问题是， 它可能会引起幽默的误解，因为它直接与旧观念的“生育”冲突。值得注意的是，mother 作为动词的相似用法意思特指“履行一个母亲生养孩子的职责”， 这种用法很少见。看起来mother 和 father 这些新用法出现频率的不一致反映了一个事实， 那就是近期家庭生活题材的作者们倾向于将更多的重点放在重新定义父母在抚养孩子上所充任的传统角色 参见 parent〔insight〕The capacity to discern the true nature of a situation; penetration.洞察力，穿透力：辨明某种情况真正性质的能力；心智的敏锐〔noesis〕from nous [mind] 源自 nous [心智] 〔sharp〕Women with keen intelligent minds are making inroads in formerly male-dominated occupations.具有敏锐心智的女子正在进入以前男性占绝对优势的职业中。〔mind〕The collective conscious and unconscious processes in a sentient organism that direct and influence mental and physical behavior.心智，意识：感觉器官指挥和影响心理或生理行为的有意识和无意识的全过程〔conceptualism〕A school of abstract art or an artistic doctrine that is concerned with the intellectual engagement of the viewer through conveyance of an idea and negation of the importance of the art object itself.概念主义：一种抽象艺术或艺术学说的学派，通过否定艺术品本身的重要性和传送一种思想使观众进行心智间的交流〔health〕Soundness, especially of body or mind; freedom from disease or abnormality.健康：尤指身体或心智的健康；免受疾病或反常影响的〔lamp〕Something that illumines the mind or soul.灵光：照亮心智或灵魂的东西〔mold〕a teacher who helps to mold the minds of his students.影响学生心智成长的老师 |
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