| 单词 | 总书记 |
| 释义 | 〔Ulbricht〕German politician who was general secretary of East Germany's Socialist Unity Party (1953-1971) and chairman of the council of state (1960-1973). He ordered the building of the Berlin Wall (1961).乌布利希，沃尔特：(1893-1973) 德国的政治家，曾任东德社会统一党总书记(1953-1971年）和国务院主席(1960-1973年）。他下令建起了柏林墙(1961年）〔Kosygin〕Soviet premier (1964-1980) who succeeded Nikita Khrushchev but was often overshadowed by party secretary Leonid Brezhnev.柯西金，阿列克塞·尼古拉耶维奇：(1904-1980) 在尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫后出任苏联总理（1964-1980年），但往往因党总书记列奥尼德·勃列日涅夫而显得无足轻重〔Gorbachev〕Soviet politician who served as general secretary of the Communist Party (1985-1991) and became president of the U.S.S.R. in 1989. He won the 1990 Nobel Peace Prize.戈尔巴乔夫，米克海尔·谢尔盖耶维奇：(生于 1931) 苏联政治家，在1985-1991年期间任苏联共产党总书记，1989年成为苏联总统。曾获1990年诺贝尔和平奖〔Stalin〕Soviet politician. The successor of Lenin, he was general secretary of the Communist Party (1922-1953) and premier (1941-1953) of the U.S.S.R. His rule was marked by the exile of Trotsky (1929), a purge of the government and military, the forced collectivization of agriculture, a policy of industrialization, and a victorious but devastating role for the Soviets in World War II.斯大林，约瑟夫：(1879-1953) 苏联政治家列宁的继承人，曾担任苏联共产党的总书记(1922-1953年），苏联总理(1941-1953年），其统治以驱逐托洛茨基(1929年）、肃清政府和军队、强迫农业集体化、工业化政策为特点，他在苏联第二次世界大战期间扮演了一个虽取得胜利却造成破坏的角色〔Brezhnev〕Soviet leader. He served as the chairman of the Presidium (now the Politburo) and secretary of the Communist Party before becoming president of the U.S.S.R. in 1977. In 1968 he enunciated the Brezhnev Doctrine, which asserts that the U.S.S.R. may intervene in any Warsaw Pact country in which the Communist government is threatened. Soviet adherence to this doctrine was evidenced by the invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968) and Afghanistan (1977).勃列日涅夫，利奥尼德·伊奇：(1906-1982) 苏联领导人。1977年成为苏联总统以前，曾任最高苏维埃主席团（即现在的政治局）主席和前苏联共产党总书记。1968年发表勃列日涅夫法则，声称当华沙条约成员国的共产党政府受到威胁时，苏联可以进行干涉。苏联坚持这一原则，入侵捷克斯洛伐克（1968年）和入侵阿富汗（1977年）即是证明〔Andropov〕Soviet politician who was general secretary of the Communist Party from 1982 to 1984.安德罗波夫，尤利：(1914-1984) 苏联政治家，曾在1982年至1984年间任共产党总书记 |
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