| 单词 | 惯用语 |
| 释义 | 〔Bartlett〕American historian and antiquarian who compiled theDictionary of Americanisms (1848) and served (1850-1853) on the commission that established the boundary between Mexico and the United States. 巴特利特，约翰·罗素：(1805-1886) 美国历史学家和文物工作者，编纂了《美国惯用语辞典》 （1848年），并参与界定了墨西哥和美国之间的界线 〔Celticism〕A Celtic idiom.凯尔特人的惯用语〔ditto〕Ditto, which at first glance seems a handy and insignificant sort of word, actually has a Roman past,for it comes fromdictus, "having been said,” the past participle of the verbdīcere, "to say.” In Italiandīcere became dire anddictus became detto, or in the Tuscan dialect ditto. Italiandetto or ditto meant what said does in English, as in the locution "the said story.”Thus in a construction such asDecember 22 the worddetto or ditto could be used by itself instead of the month nameat the next mention of a date in the same month, for example,26 detto. The first recorded use (1625) ofditto occurs in English in such a construction. The sense "copy" is an English development,first recorded in 1818. Ditto has even become a trademark for a duplicating machine,something that has not happened tosaid yet. Ditto 这个词第一眼看上去好象是一种方便的、无意义的词， 其实它出于过去的罗马，因为该词源自dictus “已说过的”， 是动词dicere “说”的过去分词。 在意大利语中，dicere 变成了 dire ， 而dictus 变成了 detto 或托斯卡纳方言的 ditto。 意大利语中的detto 或 ditto 的意义相当于现在英语中的 said ， 如惯用语"the said story"（该故事，上述故事）。因此在诸如这样的结构December 22 (12月22日）中， 当下面提及同一个月的某一天时，就可用detto 或 ditto 来代替月份， 例如，26 detto (12月26日）。 ditto 一词的最初有记录的用法(1625年）出现在英语的这种结构中。 “复制”这一词义是在英语中发展起来的，最早的记录在1818年， Ditto 甚至成了复印机的商标，而said 还没有 〔Yiddishism〕A linguistic feature of Yiddish, especially a Yiddish idiom or phrasing that appears in another language.意第绪语法：意第绪语的语言特色，尤指意第绪语的惯用语或用其它语言表示的用法〔Japanize〕To make or become Japanese in form, idiom, style, or character.日本化或使日本化：使…在形式、惯用语、风格或个性上趋向于或成为日本式〔formula〕An established form of words or symbols for use in a ceremony or procedure.惯用法：用于典礼、仪式或礼节的惯用语或标志〔where〕Whenwhere is used to refer to a point of origin, the prepositionfrom is required: Where did she come from? When it is used to refer to a point of destination,the prepositionto is generally superfluous: Where is she going? ( preferable toWhere is she going to? ). When it is used to refer to the place at which an event or a situation is located,the use ofat is widely regarded as regional or colloquial: Where is the station? (not Where is the station at? ). The idiomatic phrasewhere it's at, widely used in the 1960's to refer to "the current state of things,” is now largely pass?, except when used for stylistic effect: 当where 被用来指起源方面时， 介词from 就需要用上： 她从哪里来? 当它被用来指目的地时，介词to 就通常是多余的： 她要去哪里? ( 比起她要向哪里去? 更可取）。 当它被用来指事件所发生的场合或一种局面形势所处的地方时，使用at 则被广泛认作是地区性的或口语化的： 车站在哪里? （而不是 车站位于什么地方? )。 惯用语短语where it's at 在20世纪60年代广泛被用来指“事情的当前状态”，现已很大程度上过时了， 除非当我们用它来加强文体效果： 〔Slavism〕A linguistic feature of one or more Slavic languages, especially a Slavic idiom or phrasing that appears in a non-Slavic language.斯拉夫语言特色：斯拉夫语言的一种或多种语言特色，尤其是指斯拉夫惯用语或是出现在非斯拉夫语中的措辞〔follow〕As follows (not as follow ) is the established form of the idiom, no matter whether the noun that precedes it is singular or plural: As follows （不是 as follow ）是惯用语的构成形式， 而不管前面的名词是单数还是复数形式： |
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