| 单词 | 意外 |
| 释义 | 〔godsend〕Something wanted or needed that comes or happens unexpectedly.飞来鸿运，意外得来之物：想要或需要的东西意外的到来或发生〔accidental〕These adjectives apply to what comes about without design or intent.这些形容词指某些事物意外或突然发生，〔serendipity〕We are indebted to the English author Horace Walpole for coining the wordserendipity. In one of his 3,000 or more letters, on which his literary reputation primarily rests,and specifically in a letter of January 28, 1754,Walpole says that "this discovery, indeed, is almost of that kind which I call Serendipity, a very expressive word.”Perhaps the word itself came to him by serendipity.Walpole formed the word on an old name for Sri Lanka,Serendip. He explained that this name was part of the title of "a silly fairy tale, calledThe Three Princes of Serendip : as their highnesses traveled, they were always making discoveries, by accidents and sagacity, of things which they were not in quest of . . . One of the most remarkable instances of thisaccidental sagacity ( for you must observe thatno discovery of a thing you are looking for, comes under this description) was of my Lord Shaftsbury [Anthony Ashley Cooper],who happening to dine at Lord Chancellor Clarendon's [Edward Hyde],found out the marriage of the Duke of York [later James II] and Mrs. Hyde [Anne Hyde, Clarendon's daughter], by the respect with which her mother [Frances Aylesbury Hyde] treated her at table.”我们非常感激英国作家霍勒斯·沃尔浦尔创造了单词serendipity。 他文学上的声誉主要依靠他的三千封或更多的信件中的一封，尤其是写于1754年一月二十八日的信中，沃尔浦尔说道“这一发现，实际上几乎是我称作意外发现珍奇事物的本领，一个非常有意味的词。”可能他得到这个单词也是靠意外发现珍奇事物的本领。沃尔浦尔创造这个词源自斯里兰卡的旧称Serendip 。 他解释说这个名字是“一个朴素的神话故事，称作The Three Princes of Serendip （斯里兰卡的三个王子）的童话”的名字的一部分： 当这些殿下旅行时，他们总是通过意外和精明地发现他们并没有寻求的东西…这种accidental sagacity（意外的聪慧） 的最著名的实例( 你必须注意到根据这种描述你没有 发现你 正在 寻找的东西） 是我的沙夫茨伯里老爷，偶然在钱塞勒·克拉伦登老爷处用餐时，发现了约克的杜克同海德夫人的婚事是根据她的母亲在吃饭款待她时发现的”〔encounter〕To meet, especially unexpectedly; come upon:不期而遇：相遇，尤指意外遇到；偶然遇见：〔jerk〕To move in sudden abrupt motions; jolt:迅速移动：以突然的意外动作而产生运动；使颠簸前进：〔jerk〕To throw or toss with a quick abrupt motion.急投：以一个快速的意外动作扔或投〔manna〕Something of value that a person receives unexpectedly.意外收获：一个人意外得到的有价值的东西〔run〕To encounter unexpectedly; run into.偶然撞见：意外遇见；与…偶然碰见〔alert〕Watchful and prepared for danger, emergency, or opportunity:警戒着，防备着：注意着且防备着危险、意外或机会：〔safeguard〕A mechanical device designed to prevent accidents.预防措施：为防止意外而设计的机械装置〔run〕A series of unexpected and urgent demands, as by depositors or customers:争购，挤兑：存款人或顾客等的令人意外且紧急的提款要求：〔wreck〕Accidental destruction of a ship; a shipwreck.海难、遇难船：船舶意外毁坏；船的失事〔jerk〕A sudden abrupt motion, such as a yank or twist.突然的意外动作，如猛拉或扭曲〔slip〕An accident or a mishap, especially a falling down.失足：事故或意外，尤指坠落〔fortuitous〕In its best-established sense,fortuitous means "happening by accident or chance,” with no implication as to the desirability of the outcome:a fortuitous meeting may have either fortunate or unfortunate consequences. In this century, however, the word is often used with particular reference to happy accidents,as inThe company's third-quarter profits were enhanced as the result of a fortuitous drop in the cost of RAM chips. This use may have arisenbecausefortuitous resembles both fortunate and felicitous; it is well established in the writing of reputable authors.More controversial is the use offortuitous to mean simply "lucky or fortunate,” as inHe came to the Giants in June as the result of a fortuitous trade that sent two minor-league players to the Reds' organization. This use dates back at least to the 1920's,when H.W. Fowler labeled it a malaproprism.It is still widely regarded as incorrect,and writers who are unwilling to risk censure are advised to avoid it.从最公认的意义上说，fortuitous 的意思是“偶然发生的”， 不暗示结果是否称心：临时会议 可以有好或坏的结果。 然而在本世纪这个词常用于专指好的事件，如内存条价格的意外下降导致了公司第三季度利润的增加。 这种用法可能出现，因为fortuitous 类似于 fortunate 和 felicitous； 它用于有名望的作家的写作中。更有争论的用法是fortuitous 的含义为“幸运的或好运的”时， 如一次幸运的送两名小社团的运动员去红色组织的交易使他在六月去了巨人国。 这种用法至少可追溯到20世纪20年代，当时H.W.弗劳尔把它标作一个可笑的用法错误。现在这种用法仍被广泛地认为是错误的，建议不愿冒险受指责的作者避免使用〔accident〕An unforeseen incident:意外：未曾想到事：〔difference〕 discrepancy is a difference between things that should correspond or match, as a conflict in two accounts of an incident: Discrenpancy 是指本应一致或匹配的事物，因意外条件而不一致，造成了事物间的差异： 〔safety〕A device designed to prevent accidents, as a lock on a firearm preventing accidental firing.安全设施：为防止意外而设计的装置，如为避免走火而在火器上装的保险栓〔accidental〕 Adventitious applies to what is not inherent in something but is added extrinsically, sometimes by accident or chance: Adventitious 指某些事物中非本质的，有时是由于意外或偶然而附加上去的外部的东西： 〔spontaneous〕Offering to help the accident victims seems as instinctive as breathing.对意外受难者的帮助就象呼吸一样出于本能。〔accidental〕 Fortuitous stresses chance or accident even more strongly and inferentially minimizes relation or cause: Fortuitous 甚至更强调意外或偶然并且推论性地减小关系和原因： 〔hazard〕A chance of being injured or harmed; danger:意外，危险：受伤或受损的可能性；危险：〔lose〕To come to be deprived of the ownership, care, or control of (something one has had), as by negligence, accident, or theft:（因疏忽，意外而）失去：由于疏忽、意外或盗窃而被剥夺（某人所拥有的某物）的所有权、管理权或控制权：〔turn〕Something turned up and I was unable to go.发生了一点意外，我不能离开〔accidental〕 Contingent in this context describes what is possible but uncertain because of chance or unforeseen or uncontrollable factors: Contingent 被用来描述可能但因意外或不能预料或不能控制的因素而不能确定的事物： 〔contretemps〕An unforeseen event that disrupts the normal course of things; an inopportune occurrence.意外：扰乱事物正常进程的意外事件；不凑巧发生之事〔reinsure〕To insure again, especially by transferring in whole or in part a risk or contingent liability already covered under an existing contract.分保：再次保险，特别是在已存在的合同中已经受到保险的风险或意外责任全部或部分地转移出去 |
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