| 单词 | 意志 |
| 释义 | 〔automatic〕The wordsautomatic pilot or automatic transmission bring to mind mechanical devices that operate with minimal human intervention. Yet the wordautomatic, which goes back to the Greek word automatos, "acting of one's own will, self-acting, of itself,” made up of two parts,auto-, "self,” and -matos, "willing,” is first recorded in English in 1748 with reference to motions of the body, such as the peristaltic action of the intestines: "The Motions are called automatic from their Resemblance to the Motions of Automata, or Machines, whose Principle of Motion is within themselves.”Although the writer had machines in mind,automatic could be used of living things, a use we still have, although not the primary one. The association ofautomatic chiefly with machinery may represent one instance of many in which we have come to see the world in mechanical terms. 这些单词automatic pilot 或 automatic transmission 带给我们只需最小人力介入即可操作的机械装置的意识。 但这个词automatic， 追溯至希腊单词 automatos， “以个人自身的意志行动，自我行动，” 由两部分组成，auto-， “自我的，”和 -matos， “意愿，” 以作为身体运动的含义于1748年首次记录于英语，如体内的肠蠕动： “这些运动被称为身体内自动的运动，是与机器运动的相似性得出的，其运动原理在于其自身内部。”虽然作者头脑中有机器印象，automatic 可以被用于生物，这种用法虽然不是基本的，但我们仍在使用。 主要将automatic 与机器相联系可能反映了我们眼中的世界越加机械化的情况 〔meaningless〕Mindless applies to that which lacks the will and thinking capacity characteristic of a conscious being: Mindless 用于指缺乏思考能力和意志的： 〔reason〕"At twenty years of age, the will reigns;at thirty, the wit;and at forty, the judgment" (Benjamin Franklin).See also Synonyms at cause ,mind ,think “二十岁的时候，主导是意志；三十岁时，是智慧；四十岁时，则是判断力” （本杰明·富兰克林） 参见同义词 cause,mind,think〔infirm〕Lacking firmness of will, character, or purpose; irresolute.意志不坚的：没有坚强的意志，品质和明确的目的；没有决心的〔sign〕"The V sign is the symbol of the unconquerable will of the occupied territories" (Winston S. Churchill)."V"这个标志表明了占领区民众不可征服的意志” （温斯顿·S·丘吉尔）。〔spontaneous〕Involuntary refers to what is not subject to the control of the will: Involuntary 指不受制于意志控制的东西： 〔Riefenstahl〕German filmmaker who gained notoriety for the Nazi-sponsored documentaries she made in the 1930s, includingTriumph of the Will (1935) and Olympia (1938), in which she made use of brilliant cinematic techniques to glorify Hitler and Nazi ideals. 莱芬斯坦，海伦．贝塔．阿玛莱：德国电影制片人，因其在20世纪30年代制作由纳粹赞助的记录片而臭名昭著，这些记录片包括《意志的胜利》 （1935）与 《奥林匹亚》 （1938），在这些片中，她使用精湛的电影技巧来美化希特勒和纳粹理想 〔abstain〕To refrain from something by one's own choice:自我克制，有意回避：因个人的意志选择而避开某物：〔longanimity〕Latin animus [mind, reason] * see anə- 拉丁语 animus [意志，原因] * 参见 anə- 〔voluntary〕Normally controlled by or subject to individual volition:自主的：正常决定于或控制于个人意志的：〔agon〕A test of will; a conflict:意志的考验；冲突：〔submit〕To yield or surrender (oneself) to the will or authority of another:使屈服：使（自己）服从于别人的意志或权威：〔will〕The mental faculty by which one deliberately chooses or decides upon a course of action; volition.决心，意志：人慎重地选择或决定采取一系列行动的精神能力；意志力〔overthrow〕unable to upset the will. 不能摧垮意志 〔softheaded〕Lacking judgment, realism, or firmness.无主意的：缺乏判断力、现实性或坚定的意志的〔firm〕Indicating or possessed of determination or resolution:坚决的：表明或具有决心和意志的：〔circumstance〕Often circumstances The sum of determining factors beyond willful control: 常作 circumstances 客观形势，情况：除意志控制外的决定因素的总和：〔serious〕Earnest implies sincerity and intensity of purpose: Earnest 暗示真诚和意志的强烈： 〔dictatorial〕These adjectives mean asserting or tending to assert one's authority or to impose one's will on other persons.这些形容词意思是“维护或倾向于维护自己的权威或把个人的意志强加到其它人身上”。〔dictatorial〕Dogmatic suggests the imposing of one's will or opinion as though these were beyond challenge: Dogmatic 暗示强加某人的意愿或意见，好象这些意志和意见越出挑战范围： 〔volitive〕Of, relating to, or originating in the will.意志的：意志的、与意志有关的或意志产生的〔libertarian〕One who believes in free will.自由意志论者：信仰自由意志的人〔quietism〕A form of Christian mysticism enjoining passive contemplation and the beatific annihilation of the will.寂静主义：基督教神秘主义的一种形式，禁止消极的冥思以及意志极乐的消亡〔unbending〕an unbending will to dominate.占据主宰地位的坚定意志〔voluntarism〕A theory or doctrine that regards the will as the fundamental principle of the individual or of the universe.唯意志论：认为意志是个人或宇宙的基本原则的理论或教条〔prophetess〕A woman who speaks by divine inspiration or as the interpreter through whom the will of a god is expressed.受神启示说话的女人：受神启示说话的女人或作为神所表达的意志的阐释者〔phenomenon〕In Kantian philosophy, the appearance of an object to the mind as opposed to its existence in and of itself, independent of the mind.现象：在康德哲学中，与其存在或其本身相对的在意识中物体的出现，不以意志为转移〔mufti〕from ’aftā [to decide by legal opinion] 源自 ’aftā [由法律的意志决定] 〔volition〕The power or faculty of choosing; the will.意志力：选择的能力或才能；意志〔Frost〕American poet whose deceptively simple works, often set in rural New England, explore the relationships between individuals and between people and nature. His collections includeA Boy's Will (1913) and In the Clearing (1962). 弗罗斯特，罗伯特·李：(1874-1963) 美国诗人。他的看似简单的作品常以新英格兰农村为背景，探究人与人及人与自然之间的关系。他的全集包括《少年的意志》 （1913年）和 《林间空地》 （1962年） 〔prophesy〕To reveal the will or message of God.传教：说出上帝的意志或神谕〔Pelagianism〕The theological doctrine propounded by Pelagius, a British monk, and condemned as heresy by the Roman Catholic Church ina.d. 416. It denied original sin and affirmed the ability of human beings to be righteous by the exercise of free will. 贝拉吉乌斯主义：一种英国修道士贝拉吉乌斯首倡的神学学说，公元 416年被罗马天主教会指责为异端邪说。该学说否认原罪之说并且确信人类有能力通过不断的实践锻炼而使自我意志变得正直 〔willed〕Having a will of a specified kind. Often used in combination:具有…的意志的。通常用于构成复合词：〔strong〕Having force of character, will, morality, or intelligence:坚强的：性格、意志、品行、智能坚强有力的：〔empty〕The chairmanship is vacant. Figuratively the word refers to the absence of intelligent meaning or thought: 主席职位空缺。 修辞上该词指缺乏理念意志： 〔atomism〕The understanding of society as a set of independent wills, based on a belief in the priority of individual over cooperative values:个体论：以个体利益高于集团利益的价值观念为基础，将社会看作一系列个体意志的看法：〔blink〕To waver or back down, as in a contest of wills:动摇，犹豫：犹豫不决或后退，如在意志的较量中犹豫不决：〔Schopenhauer〕German philosopher who believed that the will to live is the fundamental reality and that this will, being a constant striving, is insatiable and ultimately yields only suffering.叔本华，阿瑟：(1788-1860) 德国哲学家，相信存在意志为基本现实，这一持久奋斗的意志永不知足，最终只能产生折磨〔psychasthenia〕A neurotic disorder characterized by phobias, obsessions, compulsions, or excessive anxiety. No longer in scientific use.神经衰弱：一种神经机能失调，以恐惧症、强迫意志、强迫作用为特征，不再在科学上使用〔grand〕a grand purpose.令人钦佩的意志 |
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