| 单词 | 感觉缺失 |
| 释义 | 〔anesthesia〕Total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensibility, induced by disease, injury, acupuncture, or an anesthetic, such as chloroform or nitrous oxide.感觉缺失：感觉，尤其是知觉的全部或部分缺失，由疾病、受伤、针灸，或是麻醉药，如氯仿或含氮氧化物引起〔anesthetic〕An agent that causes loss of sensation with or without the loss of consciousness.麻醉剂：一种导致感觉缺失但知觉或有或无的药剂〔anesthesia〕The following passage, written on November 21, 1846, by Oliver Wendell Holmes,a physician-poet and the father of the Supreme Court justice of the same name,allows us to pinpoint the entry ofanesthesia and anesthetic into English: "Every body wants to have a hand in a great discovery. All I will do is to give you a hint or two as to names—or the name—to be applied to the state produced and the agent. The state should, I think, be called ‘Anaesthesia’ [from the Greek word anaisthēsia, "lack of sensation"]. This signifies insensibility . . . The adjective will be ‘Anaesthetic.’ Thus we might say the state of Anaesthesia, or the anaesthetic state.”This citation is taken from a letter to William Thomas Green Morton,who in October of that year had successfully demonstrated the use of ether at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.Althoughanaesthesia is recorded in Nathan Bailey's Universal Etymological English Dictionary in 1721, it is clear that Holmes really was responsible for its entry into the language.TheOxford English Dictionary has several citations for anesthesia and anesthetic in 1847 and 1848, indicating that the words gained rapid acceptance.下面是奥立佛·万德·霍姆斯写于1846年11月21的一段话。作者是个诗人医生和与其同名的最高法庭法官的父亲。这段话能使我们断定anesthesia 和 anesthetic 进入英语的背景： “每个人都希望能够参与一次伟大的发现。我所要做的是告诉你一两个提示去命名，或能被应用于某种状态的名称。我认为这种状态应该被叫做Anaesthesia ［从希腊词anaisthesia “感觉缺失”发展而来］。 这个词表示无感觉…其形容词应该是‘Anaesthetic’。这样我们可以说感觉缺失的状态或感觉缺失”。这段话是从寄给威廉·托马斯·格林·莫顿的一封信上摘录下的，莫顿同年十月在波士顿的马萨诸塞总医院曾成功使用了醚。尽管南森·巴利于1721年把anaethesia 选入了 通用英语词源词典 ， 但是很显然是霍姆斯首先把这个词引入英语。牛津英语词典 上有几处引用了1847年和1848年有 anesthesia 和 anesthetic 的句子， 说明这两个词很快就被人们所接受〔anesthesia〕from Greek anaisthēsia [insensibility] 源自 希腊语 anaisthēsia [感觉缺失] 〔thermanesthesia〕Inability to feel hot or cold; insensitivity to variations in temperature.温度感觉缺失：不能感觉冷热；对温度变化不敏感〔flunitrazepam〕A powerful sedative drug, C16H 12FN 3O 3, that is illegal in the United States but is used elsewhere as a hypnotic and in anesthesia. It is popularly known as the "date rape" drug because its ability to cause semiconsciousness and memory blackouts has led to its association with unwanted sexual encounters. 弗尼拉塞半，氟硝安定：在美国禁止使用的强效镇静剂，C16H 12FN 3O 3，但在其它地区用作催眠药或用于感觉缺失。氟硝安定就是广为人知的"约会强奸药"，它能令人陷入半昏迷状态或暂时失去知觉，并由此同被迫的性行为联系起来 |
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