| 单词 | 战利品 |
| 释义 | 〔sack〕Plunder; loot.掠夺物；战利品〔plunder〕To take booty; rob.获取战利品；抢劫〔spree〕A spending spree seems a far cry from a cattle raid,yet etymologists have suggested that the wordspree comes from the Scots word spreath, "cattle raid.” The wordspree is first recorded in a poem in Scots dialect in 1804 in the sense of "a lively outing.” This sense is closely connected with a sense recorded soon afterward (in 1811), "a drinking bout,”while the familiar sense "an overindulgence in an activity,”as in aspending spree, is recorded in 1849. Scots and Irish dialect also have a sense "a fight,”which may help connect the word and the sense "lively outing" with the Scots wordspreath, meaning variously, "booty,” "cattle taken as spoils,” "a herd of cattle taken in a raid,” and "cattle raid.” The Scots word comes from Irish and Scottish Gaelicspréidh, "cattle,” which in turn ultimately comes from Latin praeda, "booty.” This last link reveals both the importance of the Latin language to Gaelicand a connection between cattle and plunder in earlier Irish and Scottish societies.狂欢作乐似乎与牛的袭击相去甚远，然而词源学表明spree 来自苏格兰语 spreath “牛的袭击”。 Spree 在1804年首次出现于苏格兰方言写成的一首诗中，意为“活跃的出游”。 这个意思与不久之后(1811年）出现的意思“狂饮”很接近，而相近的意思“无节制的狂热行为”，比如spending spree 于1849年出现。 苏格兰和爱尔兰方言还有“打架”的意思，这可能有助于将该词同其意义与苏格兰语spreath 的不同意思相联系，这些意思为“战利品”、“作为掠夺品的牛”、“袭击中所得的一群牛”或“牛袭击”。 这个苏格兰词来自爱尔兰和苏格兰盖尔人的语言 spréidh “牛”（此词最终源自拉丁语 praeda “战利品”）。 这一最后的联系不仅表明拉丁语同盖尔语的重要联系，也表明早期爱尔兰和苏格兰社会中牛和劫掠的联系〔scalp〕A portion of this skin with its attached hair, cut from a body by certain Native American warriors as a battle trophy or by American settlers as proof in claiming a bounty.带发头皮：带有头发的一块头皮，印第安武士将其从敌人尸体上剥下以作为战利品或美洲土著人作为领取赏金的证物〔raven〕To seek or seize as prey or plunder.攫取：猎取或抓住，作为战利品或食物〔foray〕To pillage in search of spoils.劫掠：为寻找战利品而掠夺〔ravin〕Something taken as prey.掠夺品：掠夺品；被当作战利品夺走的东西〔trophy〕The spoils of war, dedicated in classical antiquity with an inscription to a deity and set up as a temporary monument on or near a battlefield, hung or placed in an existing temple, or housed in a permanent, new structure.胜利纪念柱：古代被刻上文字而敬献给神的战利品，作为临时性纪念碑而被竖立于战场上或附近；悬挂或放置于一已建好的庙宇中，或存放于一永久性的新建筑物之中〔pilfer〕From Middle English pilfre [spoils] 源自 中古英语 pilfre [赃物，战利品] 〔headhunting〕The custom of cutting off and preserving the heads of enemies as trophies.猎头风俗：砍下敌人的头并将其保存下来作为战利品的风俗〔pillage〕Something pillaged; spoils.抢得物，战利品：掠夺来的东西；夺取物〔spree〕from Middle Irish preit, preid [booty] 源自 中古爱尔兰语 preit, preid [战利品] 〔trophy〕A memento, as of one's personal achievements.纪念品，战利品：纪念品，如个人成就的纪念品〔spoil〕Goods or property seized from a victim after a conflict, especially after a military victory.战利品，掠夺物：从战争中战败者那里获取的物体或财产，尤指军事上胜利后〔coup〕Among certain Native American peoples, to ceremoniously recount one's exploits in battle.重计战利品：在印第安人中隆重地重新计数战利品〔plunder〕Property stolen by fraud or force; booty.掠夺物，战利品：通过欺诈或武力抢来的财产；战利品〔loot〕Valuables pillaged in time of war; spoils.战利品：战争时期掠夺的财物；掠夺物〔gain〕From Middle English gayne [booty] from Old French gaigne, gain [gain] from gaaignier [to gain] [of Germanic origin] 源自 中古英语 gayne [战利品] 源自 古法语 gaigne, gain [收获] 源自 gaaignier [获得] [源于日耳曼语的] 〔capture〕One that has been seized, caught, or won; a catch or prize.俘虏，奖品：被抓获、逮住或赢得的人；捕获物或战利品〔booty〕Plunder taken from an enemy in time of war.劫掠物，战利品：战时取自敌人的战利品〔pool〕French poule [hen, stakes, booty] 法语 poule [母鸡，赌注，战利品] 〔raven〕To seek or seize prey or plunder.攫取：猎取或抓住战利品或食物 |
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