| 单词 | 房子 |
| 释义 | 〔curtilage〕The enclosed area immediately surrounding a house or dwelling.院子，庭院：紧邻房子或住宅周围被围起来的区域〔shingle〕A thin oblong piece of material, such as wood or slate, that is laid in overlapping rows to cover the roof or sides of a house or other building.木瓦：一种长方形的薄片，由木头或板岩等材料制成，搭接铺成行，用于覆盖房子或其它建筑物的房顶或侧面〔shivaree〕Shivaree is the most common American regional form of charivari, a French word meaning "a noisy mock serenade for newlyweds"and probably deriving in turn from a Late Latin word meaning "headache.”The term, most likely borrowed from French traders and settlers along the Mississippi River,was well established in the United States by 1805;an account dating from that year describes a shivaree in New Orleans: "The house is mobbed by thousands of the people of the town, vociferating and shouting with loud acclaim . . . many[are] in disguises and masks; and all have some kind of discordant and noisy music, such as old kettles, and shovels, and tongs. . . . All civil authority and rule seems laid aside" (John F. Watson).The wordshivaree is especially common along and west of the Mississippi River, giving it an unusual north-south dialect boundary (most dialect boundaries run east-west in the United States).Alva L. Davis and Raven I. McDavid, Jr., callshivaree "one of the most widely distributed folk terms borrowed by American English from any European language.” Some regional equivalents arebelling, used in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Ohio; horning, from upstate New York, Rhode Island, and western New England; andserenade, a term used chiefly in the South Atlantic states. Shivaree 是 charivari 这个词在美国的最普通的地方形式， charivari是个法语词，意思是“一种为新婚夫妇演奏的喧闹的嘲弄式小夜曲”，这个词本身可能是从一个意思为“头痛”的后期拉丁文演变而来。这个词极有可能是从密西西比河沿岸的法国商人和拓居者那儿借用而来，到了1805年这个词已经在美国深深地扎根了；一份可以追溯到这一年的记录描写了新奥良的演奏这种小夜曲的情况： “房子里挤满了成千从镇上来的人，喧嚷着，叫喊着，大声欢呼…许多人 化了装，带了面具，所有的人都搞出某种不和协、喧闹的音响，比如用旧水壶，铲子，钳子…一切世俗的权威和规则好象已经被放到了一边” （约翰F·华生） 。shivaree 这个词在密西西比河沿岸和该河以西尤为常见， 这样密西西比河就成了一个不寻常的方言区的南北分界线（而在美国大多数方言区的分界线都是东西向的）。阿尔瓦·L·戴维斯和小拉文·I·麦克戴维把shivaree 这个词称为“美国英语从欧洲语言中借来的民间用语中流传最广的一个”。 其它地方方言中相当于这个词的词有belling 在宾夕法尼亚州、弗吉尼亚西部和俄亥俄州流传； 纽约州上半部份，罗德岛州，新英格兰西部的horning ， 而大西洋沿岸南部各州主要用serenade 这个词 〔karma〕There's bad karma around the house today.今天房子四周都笼罩着不好的气氛〔number〕the house that is number three from the corner; ranked number six in her class.从拐角处起的第三座房子；在她的班上排第六位〔playful〕"Muskrat Castle, as the house had been facetiously named by some waggish officer" (James Fenimore Cooper).“马斯克拉特城堡，是一些机智幽默的军官给这所房子所起的滑稽的名字” （詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀）。〔garret〕A room on the top floor of a house, typically under a pitched roof; an attic.顶楼：位于一个房子的顶部一层的一种屋子，尤其指位于一固定屋顶之下；阁楼〔thanks〕finally found the house, no thanks to these confusing directions.最后找到了房子，并不受益于这些混乱的指点〔Esquiline〕One of the seven hills of ancient Rome. Nero's Golden House and Trajan'sThermae, or hot baths, were in the area. 埃斯奎利诺山：古罗马传说的七座山之一，尼禄的金房子和图雷真的家就在该处，有古罗马的《公共浴池》 热水浴 〔mudroom〕A small room or entryway in a house where wet or muddy footwear and clothing can be removed.沾泥物品室：一幢房子中用来脱去湿的或带泥的套鞋或衣服的小房间或通道〔home〕Of or relating to a home, especially to one's household or house:家的：与家，尤其是与某人的家居或房子有关的：〔breezeway〕A roofed, open-sided passageway connecting two structures, such as a house and a garage.有顶过道：联接两幢建筑物的带屋顶的侧边敞开的过道，如房子和车库的〔too〕It was not too bright of them to build in an area where rock slides occur. 他们在发生过石崩的地方造房子，这不是一个特别明智的决定。 〔chasuble〕from *casupula [diminutive of] casa [house] 源自 *casupula casa的小后缀 [房子] 〔indoors〕In or into a house or building.室内：在或进入房子或建筑物里〔chamber〕A room in a house, especially a bedroom.室，卧室：房子里一房间，尤指一卧室〔ecesis〕from oikos [house] * see weik- 1源自 oikos [房子] * 参见 weik- 1〔ferninst〕Their barn is ferninst the house.他们的谷仓在房子对面〔despair〕When the bank repossessed the house, their depression turned to despair.当银行收回房子时，他们的沮丧变成了绝望。〔throw〕The play's villain throws away the news that the house has burned down.剧中的恶棍把房子被烧掉了的消息抛到了脑后〔Penates〕from penus [foodstuff, interior of a house] 源自 penus [食物，房子的内部] 〔parish〕oikos [house] * see weik- 1oikos [房子，房屋] * 参见 weik- 1〔hausfrau〕Haus [house] from Middle High German hūs from Old High German Haus [房子] 源自 中古高地德语 hūs 源自 古高地德语 〔economy〕Managing an economy has at least an etymological justification.The wordeconomy can probably be traced back to the Greek word oikonomos, "one who manages a household,” derived fromoikos, "house,” and nemein, "to manage.” Fromoikonomos was derived oikonomia, which had not only the sense "management of a houseold or family" but also senses such as "thrift,” "direction,” "administration,” "arrangement,” and "public revenue of a state.”The first recorded sense of our wordeconomy, found in a work possibly composed in 1440, is "the management of economic affairs,” in this case, of a monastery. Economy is later recorded in other senses shared byoikonomia in Greek, including "thrift" and "administration.”What is probably our most frequently used current sense, "the economic system of a country or an area,” seems not to have developed until the 19th or 20th century.管理经济可以从词源上得到确认。economy 一词的来源很可能追溯到希腊文中的 oikonomos 即“管家”， 这又是从oikos 意为“房子”，以及 nemein 意为“管理”两词演化而来。 从oikonomos 派生出的 oikonomia 意思不仅有“家庭管理”， 而且有“节约”、“指示”、“行政”、“安排”及“国家岁入”等含义。Economy 这个词的意思最早记载在约1440年出版的一篇作品上，意思是僧院的“经济事件管理”。 Economy 在此之后记载下来的意思与希腊语的oikonomia 有相似之处， 包括“节约”和“行政”，直到19世纪或20世纪，今天最常用的意思才开始出现，即“国家或地区的经济体系”〔inexplicable〕left the house at three in the morning for inexplicable reasons.凌晨三点，莫名其妙地离开了房子〔withindoors〕Into or inside a house or other building; indoors.室内：进入房子或其他建筑物内；室内〔weather〕protected the house from the weather.保护房子不受恶劣天气影响〔ransack〕rann [house] rann [房子] 〔kermis〕kerc [church] ultimately from Late Greek kuriakon, kurikon (dōma) [(house) of the lord] * see church kerc [教堂] 最终源自 后期希腊语 kuriakon, kurikon (dōma) [主人的（房子）] * 参见 church〔hall〕The entire hall stayed up late studying.整所房子里的学生熬到很晚还在学习〔for〕trained for the ministry; put the house up for sale; plans to run for senator.为政府部门培训；把房子拍卖；计划竞选议员〔save〕The house would be finished by now, save that we had difficulty contracting a roofer.要不是我们找屋顶工人不好找，房子现在早就盖好了〔homoecious〕Greek oikia [house] * see heteroecious 希腊语 oikia [房子] * 参见 heteroecious〔gut〕Fire gutted the house.大火烧毁了房子的内部〔mazaedium〕Latin aedēs [house] 拉丁语 aedēs [房子] 〔place〕bought a place on the lake.在湖边买所房子〔weird〕"The person of the house gave a weird little laugh" (Charles Dickens). “房子里的人奇怪地笑了笑” （查尔斯·狄更斯）。 〔shoebox〕Something resembling or suggestive of such a box, as a plain, rectangular building or a cramped room or dwelling.似鞋盒的东西：类似于这种盒子或让人想起这种盒子的东西，比如朴素的长方形建筑，或者狭窄的房间或房子〔agree〕We finally agreed on a price for the house.我们最后商定了房子的价格。〔particular〕gave a particular description of the room.对这间房子进行详尽的描述 |
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