| 单词 | 手术 |
| 释义 | 〔cystostomy〕The surgical formation of an opening into the urinary bladder.膀胱切开术：膀胱的手术切开〔mastectomy〕Surgical removal of all or part of a breast, sometimes including excision of the underlying pectoral muscles and regional lymph nodes, usually performed as a treatment for cancer.乳房切除术：切除乳房或部分乳房的外科手术，包括位于下层的胸部肌肉和局部淋巴节，通常作为治疗乳腺癌而实施的手术〔operative〕Of, relating to, or resulting from a surgical operation.手术的：外科手术的，与外科手术有关的，由外科手术引起的〔mammaplasty〕Reconstructive or cosmetic plastic surgery to alter the size or shape of the breast or breasts.乳房成形术：为改变某个乳房或一对乳房的大小或形状而进行的重新整形或美容整形外科手术〔vet〕To subject to veterinary evaluation, examination, medication, or surgery.诊疗：进行兽医的估算、检查、治疗或者手术〔ostomate〕One who has undergone an ostomy.做造口术者：做过造口术手术的人〔thoracotomy〕Surgical incision of the chest wall.胸廓切开术：切开胸壁的手术〔xenotransplant〕A surgical operation in which xenotransplantation is performed.异体移植手术：进行异体移植的外科手术〔affenpinscher〕Pinscher [a type of dog with ears operated on or "pinched" to make them stand up] from English pinch Pinscher [一种耳朵动过手术或“夹紧”以使耳朵立起来的狗] 源自 英语 pinch〔elective〕elective surgery.非急需施行的手术〔Cooley〕American surgeon and educator who in 1969 performed the first artificial heart transplant on a human being.库利，登顿·阿瑟：(生于 1920) 美国外科医师和教育家，于1969年首次在人体上进行人造心脏移植手术〔gut〕A thin, tough cord made from the intestines of animals, usually sheep, used as strings for musical instruments or as surgical sutures.羊肠线：一种由动物肠，通常是羊肠所制成的牢固的细线，用于乐器的弦或用于手术缝合〔craniotomy〕The cutting or breaking of the fetal skull to reduce its size for removal when normal delivery is not possible.穿颅术：当胎儿不能正常分娩时做的切割或挤碎胎儿头颅骨以减少其体积并利于移动的手术〔successful〕a successful heart transplant.成功的心脏移植手术〔transplant〕undergo a heart transplant; surgical transplant of a cornea.做心脏移植手术；眼角膜的外科移植〔neurectomy〕Surgical removal of a nerve or part of a nerve.神经切除：神经或其一部分的外科节除手术〔trephine〕A surgical instrument having circular, sawlike edges, used to cut out disks of bone, usually from the skull.环钻：一种用于切除骨片的手术工具，有圆形锯状刀锋，通常用于头盖骨手术〔appendicitis〕Even though the wordappendicitis was in use in 1885, the year in which theOxford English Dictionary published the section "Anta-Battening" that would have contained the word, the editor, James Murray, omitted this "crack-jaw medical and surgical word" on the advice of Oxford's Regius Professor of Medicine, Sir Henry Wentworth Acland.As K.M. Elisabeth Murray, the granddaughter and biographer of James Murray, points out,"The problem of what scientific words to include was a continuing one, and James Murray was always under pressure—from his advisers . . . who thought the emphasis should be on words from good literature and from those in the [Oxford University] Press who wanted to save cost and time—not to include scientific words of recent origin.”In 1902 no less a person than Edward VII had his appendix removed,and his coronation was postponed because of the operation.Appendicitis hence came into widespread use and has remained so, thereby pointing up the lexicographer's difficult task of selecting the new words that people will look for in their dictionaries.尽管appendicitis 这个词于1885年就已使用， 在这一年出版的牛津英语词典 的“安塔族-增长论”这一分册应包括有这个词， 但在牛津皇家医学院教授亨利·温特华斯·阿克兰的建议下，主编詹姆斯·莫雷删掉了这个“拗口的医学和外科用词”。正如詹姆斯·莫雷的孙女和传记作者K·M·伊莉莎白·莫雷指出的那样， “应包括什么科学用语是一个长期以来的问题，詹姆斯·莫雷经常遇到来自他的顾问的压力…他们认为重点应放到从好文学作品中收来的词汇上，还受到来自出版社的压力，他们为了节约成本和时间而不愿收录新近的科学词汇”。1902年恰恰正是爱德华七世割除了阑尾，他的加冕典礼也因为这次手术而延迟。Appendicitis 一词因此得到了普遍的使用并保持至今， 这也表明了词典编纂者在选择人们要查找的新单词时所面临的艰难任务〔craniectomy〕Surgical removal of a portion of the cranium.颅骨切开术：手术除取头颅骨的一部分〔roof〕Operating costs went through the roof last year.去年的手术费用已涨到登峰造极的程度〔drape〕A cloth arranged over a patient's body during a medical examination or treatment or during surgery, designed to provide a sterile field around the area being examined or treated or around the operative incision.消毒盖布：手术、医约检查或治疗时盖在病人身体上的一块布，用来在检查或治疗区周围或手术切口周围提供一个无菌区〔neomycin〕A broad-spectrum antibiotic produced from strains of the actinomyceteStreptomyces fradiae and used especially in the form of its sulfate as an intestinal antiseptic in surgery. 新霉素：由放线菌类的菌种产生的广谱抗菌素新霉素链菌素 ，尤其指它的硫酸盐形式，在手术时用作肠道杀菌剂 〔nephrectomy〕Surgical removal of a kidney.肾切除术：对肾进行的切除手术〔phlebotomize〕To perform a phlebotomy on; bleed.施行静脉切开手术；放血〔stoma〕A surgically constructed opening, especially one in the abdominal wall that permits the passage of waste after a colostomy or an ileostomy.手术排放口：外科手术形成的开口，尤指腹壁处结肠造口术或回肠造口术后的供废物排出的开口〔laminectomy〕Surgical removal of the posterior arch of a vertebra.椎板切除术：切除脊椎后弓的手术〔theater〕an operating theater at a medical school.医学院的手术示范室〔episiotomy〕Surgical incision of the perineum during childbirth to facilitate delivery.外阴切开术：分娩时切开外阴以助生产的手术〔Barnard〕South African surgeon who performed the first human heart transplant (1967).巴纳德，克里斯蒂安·尼斯林：(生于 1923) 南非外科大夫，首次作了人类心脏移植手术（1967年）〔denervate〕To deprive (an organ or body part) of a nerve supply, as by surgically removing or cutting a nerve or by blocking a nerve connection with drugs.神经隔离，去除…的神经支配：去掉与神经相连的（器官或母体的一部分），例如通过手术移走或是切除一根神经或是阻断一根神经与药物的接触〔rhinoplasty〕Plastic surgery of the nose.鼻成形术：鼻子的成形外科手术〔eunuch〕The wordeunuch does not derive, as one might think, from the operation that produced a eunuch but rather from one of his functions. Eunuch goes back to the Greek wordeunoukhos, "a castrated person employed to take charge of the women of a harem and act as chamberlain.”The Greek word is derived fromeunē, "bed,” and ekhein, "to keep.” A eunuch, of course, was ideally suited to guard the bedchamber of women.eunuch 这个词不象人们所想的那样源自于阉人的手术， 而是源自于它所起的作用。 Eunuch 可追溯到古希腊的词eunoukhos ， 意为“一个负责侍候后宫女眷，并作为国王内侍的被阉割了的人”。古希腊的词源出于eune， 意为“床”，和 ekhein “照料”， 一个太监当然是保卫女眷卧室的最理想的人〔cholecystectomy〕Surgical removal of the gallbladder.切除胆囊的手术〔surgery〕A surgical operation or procedure, especially one involving the removal or replacement of a diseased organ or tissue.手术：外科手术或过程，特别是指割治、替换患病器官或组织的外科手术或过程〔parabiosis〕The natural or surgical union of anatomical parts of two organisms, usually involving exchange of blood, as in the development of Siamese twins or in certain transplant operations.联体，并体：天生的或手术施行的通常进行血液交换的两器官的联合，比如在连体婴的发育或某种嫁接手术中〔thoracoplasty〕Surgical removal of part of the ribs to cause the collapse of a diseased lung.胸廓成形术：手术除去引起病肺萎结缩的部分肋骨〔implant〕To insert or embed (an object or a device) surgically:植入：用手术的方法放入或插入（一个物体或装置）：〔fear〕He looked forward with dread to the scheduled surgery.他满怀恐惧地等待着日程内的手术。〔craniotomy〕Surgical incision into the skull.通过手术切开头颅骨〔mastopexy〕Plastic surgery in which the breasts are lifted or reshaped.乳房整型手术：将胸部隆起或改造的整型外科手术 |
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