| 单词 | 打磨 |
| 释义 | 〔terrazzo〕A flooring material of marble or stone chips set in mortar and polished when dry.水磨石：干燥时在臼里打磨的铺地面用的大理石或石子〔holystone〕A piece of soft sandstone used for scouring the wooden decks of a ship.磨甲板沙石：打磨木质甲板用的软沙石〔slick〕An implement used to make a surface slick, especially a chisel used for smoothing and polishing.可使表面光滑的工具：用来使一个表面光滑的工具，尤指用于修光和打磨的凿子〔sleek〕Smooth and lustrous as if polished; glossy:光滑的：象打磨过一样平滑而有光泽的；光滑的：〔manicure〕To trim, clean, and polish (the fingernails).修…的指甲：修整、洁净且打磨（指甲）〔grindstone〕A revolving stone disk used for grinding, polishing, or sharpening tools.砂轮：用来打磨、打光或磨利工具的旋转石盘〔lathe〕A machine for shaping a piece of material, such as wood or metal, by rotating it rapidly along its axis while pressing against a fixed cutting or abrading tool.车床：通过压紧一种固定的切割或打磨工具并迅速沿轴线转动的办法来塑造一件材料（如木头或金属）的机器〔mill〕Any of various machines for shaping, cutting, polishing, or dressing metal surfaces.轧钢机：用来塑造、切割、打磨或修整钢材表面的机器〔scrape〕To draw (a hard or abrasive object) forcefully over a surface:刮擦：使劲在表面刮擦（坚硬或打磨的物体）：〔chagrin〕The ultimate etymology of the wordchagrin, which comes directly to us from French, is considered uncertain by many etymologists. At one timechagrin was thought to be the same word as shagreen, "a leather or skin with a rough surface,” derived from French chagrin. The reasoning wasthat in French the word for this rough material, which was used to smooth and polish things,was extended to the notion of troubles that fret and annoy a person.It was later decided, however,that the sense "rough leather" and the sense "sorrow" each belonged to a different French wordchagrin. Other etymologists have offered an alternative explanation,suggesting that the French wordchagrin, "sorrow,” is a loan translation of the German word Katzenjammer, "a morning-after-the-night-before feeling.” A loan translation is a type of borrowing from another languagein which the elements of a foreign word,as inKatzen, "cats,” and Jammer, "distress, seediness,” are assumed to be translated literally by corresponding elements in another language,in this case,chat, "cat,” and grigner, "to grimace.” The actual etymology is less colorful,with the word probably going back to a Germanic word,.gramī, meaning "sorrow, trouble.”Chagrin is first recorded in English in 1656 in the now obsolete sense "anxiety, melancholy.”我们从法语直接借用的词chagrin 的最终词源被许多词源学家认为是不能确定的。 Charin 曾经被认为和由法语词 chagrin 派生出来的 shagreen “有粗糙表面的皮革或皮肤”是同一个词。 理由是，这种粗糙材料是用来打磨和抛光物品用的，法语里的这个词被引申到有了使人懊恼和烦恼的意思。但后来才确定，“粗糙的皮革”的含义和“沮丧”的含义分属于一个不同的法语词chagrin 。 别的词源学家提出了另外一种解释，说法语词chagrin “沮丧”是借译于日耳曼语词 Katzenjammer “醉后的难受感”。 借译是借用另一种语言，即外语词的成分，如Katzen “猫”，和 Jammer “沮丧，不舒服”， 并照那种语言的对应成分直译过来，在这种情况下为chat “猫”和 grigner “做怪相”。 实际的语源没有这么富于趣味，这个词极可能要追溯到日耳曼语词grami ， 意思为“愁苦，麻烦”。Chagrin 第一次出现在英语里有记载的时间是在1656年， 当时的含义“焦虑，忧郁”现已过时不用〔hearthstone〕A soft stone or composition of pipe clay and pulverized stone used for scouring and whitening hearths or doorsteps.软磨石：一种用来磨面和打磨炉堂或门阶的软石或用陶土及石粉制成的混合物〔sandpaper〕To rub with or as if with sandpaper.打磨：用或好象用砂纸打磨〔chamois〕A piece of such leather, or a cotton fabric made to resemble it, used as a polishing cloth or in shirts.充羚羊皮：一块此类的皮革或仿此制作的一块棉织物，用作打磨上光布或用在衬衫上〔sleek〕Polished or smooth in manner, especially in an unctuous way; slick.圆滑的：打磨过的或光滑的，尤指象油一样的；滑溜溜的〔mill〕To shape, polish, dress, or finish in a mill or with a milling tool.用制材模具做成形：用研磨机或通过研磨工具成形、打磨、修整或制成 |
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