| 单词 | 扩展了 |
| 释义 | 〔Aurangzeb〕Hindustani emperor (1658-1707) who imposed Moslem orthodoxy and expanded the empire.奥朗则布：印度斯坦国王（1658-1707年），他引入回族学说并扩展了疆土〔Herschel〕Family of British astronomers, including SirWilliam Herschel (1738-1822), who discovered Uranus (1781), was astronomer to George III, and cataloged more than 800 double stars and 2,500 nebulae. His sister Caroline Herschel (1750-1848) assisted in his work and published a star catalog. His son Sir John Frederick William Herschel (1792-1871) augmented William's work with the discovery of 525 nebulae and conducted notable research on light, photography, and astrophysics. 赫歇耳：英国天文学家族，包括发现天王星(1781年）的威廉·赫歇耳 (1738-1822年）爵士，他担任乔治三世的天象观测员并总结归类了800多颗双星和2,500个星云。他的妹妹 凯塞琳·赫歇耳 (1750-1848年），协助他工作并发表了一本星的目录。他的儿子 约翰·弗雷德里克·赫歇耳 爵士(1792-1871年），又发现了525个星云并进行了有关光、摄影和天体物理学的卓有成效的研究，从而扩展了威廉的成就 〔pariah〕In the wordpariah, which can be used for anyone who is a social outcast, independent of social position,we have a reminder of a much more rigid social system,where only certain people could be pariahs.The caste system of India placed members of the pariah caste very low in society;until 1949 they were also known asuntouchables. The wordpariah, however, which we have extended in meaning, came into English from Tamil paṛaiyar, the plural of paṛaiyan, the caste name, which literally means “(hereditary) drummer"and comes from the wordpaṛai, the name of a drum used at certain festivals. The word is first recorded in English in 1613.Its use in English and its extension in use probably owe much to the close relationship that developed between Great Britain and India.Indeed, many of the British servants in India were from the pariah caste.pariah 一词能用于任何一个被社会遗弃的人， 不管他的社会地位如何，在这个词中，对我们有一个更严酷的社会体制的暗示，在这种体制下，仅仅某些特定的人才能成为被社会遗弃的人。印度的社会体制把被遗弃者的社会地位订得很低，直到1949年这些人还仍旧被称作是不可接触者 。 然而，我们已经扩展了含义的pariah 一词从泰米尔语 paraiyar 即 paraiyan 的复数转入英语中来， 字面含义是“（世袭）鼓手”，源于一种特定节日用的鼓名parai 。 1613年这个词首次在英语中有所记录。它在英文中的运用和用法的扩展可能很大程度是由于大不列颠和印度的密切关系。的确，在印度许多英国人的佣人都来自于贱民阶层〔Wellesley〕British politician and colonial administrator who expanded the British Empire in India and sought reconciliation between Protestants and Catholics in Ireland.韦尔兹利：英国政治家和殖民地总督。他扩展了英帝国在印度的领地，并企图在爱尔兰实现新教徒与天主教徒的妥协 |
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