| 单词 | 抗体 |
| 释义 | 〔isoagglutinogen〕An isoantigen that on exposure to its corresponding isoantibody causes agglutination of the red blood cells to which it is attached.同种凝集原；同族凝集原：一个同种（同族）抗原，在接触它相应的同种（同族）抗体的会导致与其附在一起的红细胞发生凝集〔toxin〕A poisonous substance, especially a protein, that is produced by living cells or organisms and is capable of causing disease when introduced into the body tissues but is often also capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies or antitoxins.毒素：一种有毒物质，尤指蛋白质，由活着的细胞或生物体产生，当进入身体组织后能够导致疾病，但通常也可导致生成中性抗体或抗毒素〔hapten〕A substance that reacts with a specific antibody but cannot induce the formation of antibodies unless bound to a carrier protein or other molecule.半抗原，不全抗原：一种对某种特定的抗体起反应但除非被限制于蛋白质载体或其他分子之中, 否则不能导致抗体的构成的物质〔protein〕Any of a group of complex organic macromolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur and are composed of one or more chains of amino acids. Proteins are fundamental components of all living cells and include many substances, such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies, that are necessary for the proper functioning of an organism. They are essential in the diet of animals for the growth and repair of tissue and can be obtained from foods such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, and legumes.蛋白质：一种复杂的有机体大分子的组合，含有碳、氢、氧、氮，通常还有硫，由一个或多个氨基酸链构成蛋白质，是所有生命细胞的基本组成部分，它包含许多物质，比如酶、荷尔蒙和抗体，这些物质都是有机体正常活动所必需的，蛋白质是动物膳食的必需成份，对成长和组织发育至关重要，它可从肉类鱼、鸡蛋、牛奶和豆类食品中的摄取〔agglutinin〕A substance, such as an antibody, that is capable of causing agglutination of a particular antigen, especially red blood cells or bacteria.凝集素：一种如抗体的物质，能够使某种抗原，尤其是红血球或病菌凝集〔immunoelectrophoresis〕The separation and identification of proteins based on differences in electrical charge and reactivity with antibodies.免疫电泳：基于电泳和对抗体反应的差异对蛋白质的分离和确认〔bioreactor〕A living organism, such as a bacterium or yeast, that is used in the biotechnological production of substances such as pharmaceuticals, antibodies, or vaccines.活有机物，如细菌或酵母，用于生物技术生产诸如医用药物、抗体或疫苗等物质中〔bioreactor〕A container, such as a large fermentation chamber, for growing living organisms that are used in the industrial production of substances such as pharmaceuticals, antibodies, or vaccines.生物反应器：一种容器，如大型发酵室，培育用于工业化生产，如医用药物、抗体或疫苗的生物〔ELISA〕A sensitive immunoassay that uses an enzyme linked to an antibody or antigen as a marker for the detection of a specific protein, especially an antigen or antibody. It is often used as a diagnostic test to determine exposure to a particular infectious agent, such as the AIDS virus, by identifying antibodies present in a blood sample.免疫检测法：一种灵敏的免疫测定方法，用一种与抗体或抗原联接的酶作为检测特定蛋白质（尤指抗原或抗体）的标志。它通常作为一种检测方法，通过区别血样中存在的抗体来测定某种特殊感染源的存在，例如爱滋病毒〔autoantibody〕An antibody that attacks the cells and tissues of the organism in which it is formed.自体免疫：一种抗体，能够侵袭它在其中形成的有机体的细胞及组织〔antigen〕A substance that when introduced into the body stimulates the production of an antibody. Antigens include toxins, bacteria, foreign blood cells, and the cells of transplanted organs.抗原：当被引入人体内可以促进抗体产生的物质。抗原包括毒素，细菌，异体血球和移植器官的细胞〔isoagglutination〕The agglutination of the red blood cells of an individual by antibodies in the serum of another individual of the same species.同族凝集反应：一个个体的红血球因为同种类另一个体血清中的抗体而发生的凝集〔immunotoxin〕A hybrid molecule formed by binding a toxin to a monoclonal antibody, used to destroy tumor cells.免疫毒素：将在单克隆抗体上携带毒素形成的杂合子，用于破坏肿瘤细胞〔vaccine〕A preparation of a weakened or killed pathogen, such as a bacterium or virus, or of a portion of the pathogen's structure that upon administration stimulates antibody production against the pathogen but is incapable of causing severe infection.疫苗，菌苗：削弱的或被杀死的病原菌的标本，如细菌或病毒，或病原菌结构的一部分，在配药时可产生对这种病原体的抗体同时又不可能引起严重传染〔antiserum〕Human or animal serum containing antibodies that are specific for one or more antigens.抗毒血清，抗毒素：包含对一种或多种抗原的特异抗体的人体或动物血清〔lysin〕An antibody that is capable of causing the destruction or dissolution of red blood cells, bacteria, or other cellular elements.溶素：一种能够引起红细胞、细菌或其它细胞成份的损害或溶解的抗体〔agglutination〕The clumping together of red blood cells or bacteria, usually in response to a particular antibody.凝集：红血球或细菌通常对某种抗体反应后所产生的凝集〔hemagglutinin〕A substance, such as an antibody, that causes agglutination of red blood cells.血凝素，血细胞凝集素：某种能使红血细胞凝集的物质，如抗体〔seroconversion〕Development of antibodies in blood serum as a result of infection or immunization.血清转化：作为感染或免疫结果的血清中抗体的发展〔immunofluorescence〕Any of various techniques that use antibodies chemically linked to a fluorescent dye to identify or quantify antigens in a tissue sample.抗体荧光染色：使用与荧光染色结合的化学抗体确认或定量在组织样品中的抗原的技术〔agglutinogen〕An antigen that stimulates the production of a particular agglutinin, such as an antibody.凝集原：促使凝集素产生的抗原，如抗体〔nystatin〕An antibiotic, C46H 77NO 19, produced by the actinomycete Streptomyces noursei and used especially in the treatment of fungal infections. 制霉菌素：一种抗体，C46H 77NO 19，由 诺尔斯氏链霉菌属 产生，主要用于真菌感染的治疗 〔monovalent〕Having only one site of attachment. Used of an antibody or antigen.仅有一个附着地点的。用于抗体或抗原〔cytolysin〕A substance, such as an antibody, capable of dissolving or destroying cells.细胞溶素：一种能溶解或破坏细胞的物质，如抗体〔isoagglutinin〕An isoantibody normally present in the serum of an individual that causes the agglutination of the red blood cells of another individual of the same species.同种凝集素；同族凝集素：在一个个体的血清中正常存在的同种（同族）抗体，它能导致同种另一个体的红细胞出现凝集现象〔immunoassay〕A laboratory or clinical technique that makes use of the specific binding between an antigen and its homologous antibody in order to identify and quantify a substance in a sample.免疫分析：一种实验室或临床的技术，利用抗原和它的同源抗体之间的特殊连接而对样品中的微量物质进行鉴定并定量〔immunodiagnosis〕Diagnosis of disease based on antigen-antibody reactions in the blood serum. Also called serodiagnosis 免疫性处方，免疫性诊断：根据血液中血清的抗原抗体反应的疾病处方 也作 serodiagnosis〔Milstein〕British-Argentinian immunologist. He shared a 1984 Nobel Prize for developing a method of producing monoclonal antibodies.米尔斯坦，塞萨尔：(生于 1927) 英籍阿根廷裔免疫学家。因其发展了培养单一无性系抗体的方法而获1984年诺贝尔奖〔Edelman〕American biochemist. He shared a 1972 Nobel Prize for research on the chemical structure and nature of antibodies.埃德尔曼，杰拉尔德·莫里斯：(生于 1929) 美国生物化学家，由于他对抗体的化学结构及性质的研究而与人共获1972年诺贝尔奖〔antitoxin〕An antibody formed in response to and capable of neutralizing a specific toxin of biological origin.抗毒素：可抵制并能中和一种由生物引起的特殊毒素的抗体〔precipitin〕An antibody that reacts with a specific soluble antigen to produce a precipitate.沉淀素：与特定可溶性抗原反应以产生沉淀物的抗体〔immunochemistry〕The chemistry of immunologic phenomena, as of antigen-antibody reactions.免疫化学：有关免疫学现象的化学，如有关抗原-抗体反应的化学〔immunoglobulin〕Any of a group of large glycoproteins secreted by plasma cells in vertebrates that function as antibodies in the immune response by binding the specific antigens. Immunoglobulins are found along the respiratory and intestinal tracts, on mucosal surfaces, and in milk, saliva, tears, and blood serum.免疫球蛋白：由脊髓中的在免疫反应中通过与抗原结合而具有抗体功能的淋巴细胞隐藏起来的大量糖蛋白。免疫球蛋白分布于呼吸道和肠道的粘膜表面以及奶汁、唾液、眼泪和血浆当中〔polyvalent〕Acting against or interacting with more than one kind of antigen, antibody, toxin, or microorganism.多价的：与一种以上的抗原、抗体、有毒物质或微生物反应或相互作用的〔isoantibody〕An antibody produced by or derived from the same species as the antigen with which it reacts. Also called alloantibody 同种抗体；同族抗体：由与抗原相同的种类产生的或衍生的抗体，由它对该抗原作出反应 也作 alloantibody〔hybridoma〕A cell produced in the laboratory from the fusion of an antibody-producing lymphocyte and a myeloma tumor cell. It proliferates into clones that produce a continuous supply of a specific antibody.杂种细胞：在实验室里制造的一种由一个能产生抗体的淋巴细胞与一个骨髓瘤细胞结合而成的细胞。它能繁殖成一种能不断提供某种抗体的无性系〔reagin〕An antibody found in the blood of individuals having a genetic predisposition to allergies such as asthma and hay fever.反应素：个体血液中的一种抗体，可以对诸如气喘病和光粉热这些变态反应产生预先的基因处理〔serum〕Blood serum from the tissues of immunized animals, containing antibodies and used to transfer immunity to another individual.血清：来自免疫动物组织的、含有抗体的血浆，用于将免疫力传至另一个体〔immunology〕The branch of biomedicine that is concerned with the structure and function of the immune system, innate and acquired immunity, the bodily distinction of self from nonself, and laboratory techniques involving the interaction of antigens with specific antibodies.免疫学：研究免疫系统的结构和功能、先天或后天的免疫能力、身体对同类和异类的辨别以及带特殊抗体的抗原相互作用的实验技术等的生物医学分支〔test〕test for acid content; test for the presence of an antibody.对酸含量进行测试；对抗体的存在进行化验 |
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