| 单词 | 折磨 |
| 释义 | 〔persecute〕from Latin [to pursue] 源自 拉丁语 [不断地折磨，纠缠] 〔hagridden〕Tormented or harassed, as by unreasoning fears:（被毫无理由的恐惧等）折磨的，困扰的：〔fire〕A severe test; a trial or torment.折磨：严格的考试；考验或磨难〔gnaw〕To cause persistent worry or pain:烦扰，折磨，使痛苦：〔rankle〕A persistent resentment, a festering sore, and a little snake are all coiled together in the history of the wordrankle. "A little snake" is the sense of the Latin worddracunculus to whichrankle can be traced, dracunculus being a diminutive of dracō, "snake.” The Latin word passed into Old French, asdraoncle, having probably already developed the sense "festering sore,”because some of these sores resembled little snakes in their shape or bite.The verbdraoncler, "to fester,” was then formed in Old French. The noun and verb developed alternate forms without thed-, and both were borrowed into Middle English, the nounrancle being recorded in a work written around 1190, the verbranclen, in a work probably composed about 1300. Both words had literal senses having to do with festering sores.The noun is not recorded after the 16th century,but the verb went on to develop the figurative senseshaving to do with resentment and bitterness with which we are all too familiar.Rankle 这个词有不停的埋怨、折磨人的疼痛以及小蛇这三个意思。 “小蛇”是拉丁语dracunculus 的词义， 该词同时也是rankle 的词源， dracunculus 是意为“蛇”的 daaco 的小词尾。 该拉丁词进入古法语成为draoncle 时， 可能已有“折磨人的痛苦”这一词义，因为这种痛苦类似于小蛇的形状和撕咬。意为“骚扰，折磨”的动词draoncle 形成于法语中。 名词和动词去掉d- 后发展了各自的形式并都被借入中古英语， 名词rancle 第一次记载于1190年的一部作品中， 动词ranclen 记载于大约作于1300年的一部作品中。 两个词的本义都与“折磨人的疼痛”有关。名词在16世纪后就不见使用了，但动词却不断发展，后来便有了我们熟知的与抱怨和恼怒相关的比喻义了〔faction〕"Our own beloved country . . . is now afflicted with faction and civil war"(Abraham Lincoln)“我们自己的亲爱的祖国…现在正受着内讧和内战的折磨”(亚伯拉罕·林肯)〔guilty〕Suffering from or prompted by a sense of guilt:内疚的，自觉有罪的：受犯罪感折磨的，由犯罪感引起的：〔travail〕from Vulgar Latin *tripāliāre [to torture with a tripalium] 源自 俗拉丁语 *tripāliāre [用刑具折磨] 〔vindictive〕 Vengeful andrevengeful imply the impulse to inflict or the infliction of suffering or punishment as retribution for evil or an injury: Vengeful 和revengeful 表示作为对邪恶或伤害的报复或具有的折磨或施加苦难或惩罚的冲动： 〔ferret〕To hound or harry persistently; worry.使苦恼：不断地折磨或打扰；使烦恼〔torture〕Excruciating physical or mental pain; agony:折磨：难以忍受的肉体或精神上的痛苦；剧痛：〔sorrow〕Mental suffering or pain caused by injury, loss, or despair.See Synonyms at regret 悲痛，忧伤：由于伤害、损失或绝望而引起的精神上的折磨或痛苦 参见 regret〔worry〕To attack roughly and repeatedly; harass.骚扰：不断粗暴地侵袭；折磨〔curse〕To bring evil upon; afflict:使…遭难；折磨：〔torture〕To bring great physical or mental pain upon (another).See Synonyms at afflict 折磨，虐待：使（他人）承受巨大的身体或精神痛苦 参见 afflict〔gethsemane〕An instance or a place of great suffering.蒙难地，蒙难时刻：使人受巨大折磨的事例或地方〔stretch〕To put to torture on the rack.置于刑架上折磨〔grueling〕Physically or mentally demanding to the point of exhaustion:折磨的，使精疲力尽的：对生理或心理上的要求达到极限的：〔martyr〕To inflict great pain on; torment.使遭受巨大痛苦，折磨〔smart〕To suffer acutely, as from mental distress, wounded feelings, or remorse:感到难受：由于精神上的痛苦，感情上的创伤和悲痛而遭受强烈的折磨：〔anorexic〕Suffering from or afflicted with anorexia nervosa.患神经性厌食症的：受神经性食欲缺乏症影响或折磨的〔take〕To endure punishment, suffering, or defeat.遭受惩罚、折磨或失败〔smart〕To suffer or pay a heavy penalty.受罚：受到残酷惩罚的折磨〔try〕The last steep ascent tried my every muscle.最后一次攀登使我每块肌肉都爱折磨〔persecute〕To oppress or harass with ill-treatment, especially because of race, religion, sexual orientation, or beliefs.虐待，残害；迫害：虐待地压迫或折磨，特别是因为种族、宗教、性的倾向或信仰〔down〕Afflicted by misfortune.不走运地，穷困潦倒地：由于不幸而遭受厄运的折磨〔harass〕"As I have no estate, I am plagued with no tenants or stewards" (Henry Fielding).Tobait is to torment by or as if by taunting, insulting, or ridiculing: “既然我已经没有了不动产，就不再有象房客或管事这样的人来纠缠我了” （亨利·菲尔丁）。bait 是指通过或者仿佛通过嘲笑、侮辱或讽刺来折磨： 〔agonize〕To cause great pain or anguish to.See Synonyms at afflict 折磨：给…造成巨大的疼痛或极度的痛苦 参见 afflict〔snap〕To suffer a physical or mental breakdown, especially while under stress:崩溃：在压力下承受身体上或精神上的折磨：〔hagride〕"a man hagridden by the future—haunted by visions of an imminent heaven or hell upon earth"(C.S. Lewis)“为即将发生的未来的惊恐所折磨的人，例如在地球上方的天堂或地狱的景象等”(C.S.刘易斯)〔rehearse〕hercier [to harrow] from herce [harrow] * see hearse hercier [折磨] 源自 herce [耙] * 参见 hearse〔prey〕To exert a baneful or injurious effect:折磨，使痛苦：施加不良的或有害的影响：〔acute〕Afflicted by a disease exhibiting a rapid onset followed by a short, severe course:急性病的：受发作快且持续时间短但剧烈疼痛的疾病折磨的：〔afflict〕To inflict grievous physical or mental suffering on.折磨：予以…剧烈的肉体或心理打击〔crucify〕To treat cruelly; torment:残酷对待；折磨：〔visitation〕A visit of punishment or affliction or of comfort and blessing regarded as being ordained by God.天罚，天赐：被认为由上帝降临的惩罚、折磨、安慰和祝福〔wringer〕To subject to a severe trial or ordeal.遭受严峻的考验或折磨〔infest〕Middle English infesten [to distress] 中古英语 infesten [折磨] 〔vex〕To bring distress or suffering to; plague or afflict.使痛苦：带来痛苦或折磨；使受难或使受苦〔hunt〕To drive out forcibly, especially by harassing; chase away:强行驱逐：用强迫的方法赶出，尤指用折磨的方法；赶走： |
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