| 单词 | 探险 |
| 释义 | 〔Sverdrup〕Norwegian explorer who led many expeditions to the Arctic and observed a number of previously unknown islands.斯维尔德鲁普，奥托·诺伊曼：(1855-1930) 挪威探险家，曾率领几次北极探险并发现一些以前未知的岛屿〔Long〕American railroad engineer and explorer. He led expeditions to the upper Mississippi River (1817) and the Rocky Mountains (1820).朗，斯蒂芬·哈里曼：(1784-1864) 美国铁路工程师和探险家。他曾领导到密西西比河上游（1817年）和落基山脉（1820年）的探险〔Jolliet〕French-Canadian explorer of the upper Mississippi Valley who with Jacques Marquette sighted the Mississippi River on June 17, 1673, and descended it to the mouth of the Arkansas River.若利埃，路易斯：(1645-1700) 法裔加拿大探险家，在密西西比河上游河谷探险，于1673年6月17日在雅克·马奎特发现密西西比河，并顺流而下到达阿肯色河河口〔prepare〕prepared the ship for an arctic expedition.装备北极探险的船只〔Hakluyt〕English geographer who collected accounts of English exploratory voyages and published them inPrincipal Navigations, Voyages, and Discoveries of the English Nation (1589). 哈克卢特，理查德：(1552?-1616) 英国地理学家，他收集了有关英国探险航行的材料，于1589年出版《英格兰民族重要的航海，航行和发现》 〔Utah〕A state of the western United States. It was admitted as the 45th state in 1896. First explored by the Spanish in 1540, the region was settled in 1847 by Mormons led by Brigham Young. Salt Lake City is the capital and the largest city. Population, 1,727,784.犹他州：美国西部一个州。在1896年它作为第四十五个州被纳入美国。在1540年首次由西班牙人探险，在1847年由布里格姆·扬格率领的摩门教徒在此地区居住。盐湖城是此州的首府及最大城市。人口1,727,784〔probe〕An exploratory action, expedition, or device, especially one designed to investigate and obtain information on a remote or unknown region:探索，探测装置：探索性的行动、探险或装置，尤指用于在偏远的或不为人知的地区进行调查并获取信息：〔Oregon〕Abbr. OR,Ore.A state of the northwest United States in the Pacific Northwest. It was admitted as the 33rd state in 1859. Claimed by the United States after Capt. Robert Gray explored the mouth of the Columbia River in 1792, the area was further explored by Lewis and Clark in 1805 and was soon the site of fur-trading posts. TheOregon Country, a region encompassing all the land from the California border to Alaska and the Pacific Ocean to the Rocky Mountains, was held jointly by Great Britain and the United States from 1818 until 1846, when the international boundary was fixed at the 49th parallel. In 1848 the Oregon Territory was created, including all of present-day Washington and Idaho. The state's current boundaries were established in 1853. Salem is the capital and Portland the largest city. Population, 2,853,733. 缩写 OR,Ore.俄勒冈州：美国西北部、太平洋西北沿岸州。1859年作为第33州加入联邦。1792年在船长罗伯特·格雷探险哥伦比亚河口之后，美国宣布拥有其主权，1805年，刘易斯和克拉克对该地区进行了进一步的探险，不久后它成为皮货交易站。俄勒冈地区， 覆盖从加利福尼亚州边界到阿拉斯加州和太平洋直至落基山脉的大片地区，从1818年起英国和美国共同拥有该片地区，直至1846年在北纬49度制定了国界。1848年， 俄勒冈专区 成立，包括今天的华盛顿州和爱达荷州。此州现有边界是1853年制定的。首府为沙连，最大城市为波特拉。人口2,853,733 〔furnish〕Outfit suggests comprehensive provision of necessary items for a larger purpose, as for an expedition: Outfit 指为更大目标，如远征探险提供所有必需品： 〔Hedin〕Swedish explorer and geographer who made several expeditions to central Asia and was the first to map Tibet accurately (1908).海定，斯文·安德斯·冯：(1865-1952) 瑞典探险家和地理学家，曾多次穿越中亚探险，是第一个精确地绘制西藏地图的人(1908年）〔Radisson〕French explorer whose expedition to Hudson Bay and subsequent reports of the economic opportunity there led to the chartering of the Hudson Bay Company (1670).拉迪松，皮尔·埃斯皮里特：(1636?-1710?) 法国探险家，曾到哈得孙湾探险，随后写下了对其经济开发机会的报告，而使哈得逊湾公司获准建立(1670年）〔Stanley〕British journalist and explorer known for his expedition into Africa in search of David Livingstone, whom he greeted with the words "Doctor Livingstone, I presume?” (1871).斯坦利，亨利·莫顿：(1841-1904) 英国记者和探险家，以其在非洲找寻大卫·李文斯顿的探险而闻名，见到李文斯顿时他说，‘我想，您是李文斯顿博士吧？’(1871年）〔Dampier〕English buccaneer and navigator who described his circumnavigation of the globe inA New Voyage Round the World (1697) and later explored the South Seas. 丹皮尔，威廉：(1652-1715) 英国海盗、航海家，在《环游世界的一次新航行》 （1697年）中描述了他的环球海上航行，后来到南太平洋探险 〔Cunha〕Portuguese explorer who, during an expedition to India, discovered (1506) the group of volcanic islands in the South Atlantic Ocean that now bears his name.果阿，特利斯塔达：葡萄牙探险家，在对印度的一次探险中，发现了（1506年）南大西洋的火山群岛，这些岛屿现今以他的名字命名〔Park〕Scottish explorer in Africa known for his expeditions on the Niger River (1795-1796 and 1805).帕克，芒戈：(1771-1806) 苏格兰探险家，以其在非洲的两次尼日尔河探险（1795-1796和1805年）而闻名〔Purchas〕English compiler of travel books, such asPurchas, His Pilgrimage (1613). 珀切斯，塞缪尔：(1577?-1626) 美国游记和探险作品的编纂者，编有《珀切斯，他的旅行》 （1613年）一书 〔Wilkes〕American naval officer and explorer of Antarctica and the Pacific coast of North America. Wilkes Land was named after him.威尔克斯，查尔斯：(1798-1877) 美国海军军官和探险家，曾到南极洲和北美洲的太平洋沿岸探险。威尔克斯地是以他的名字命名的〔Conti〕Italian merchant and traveler who left vivid accounts of his 30-year exploration of southern Asia.笛昆蒂，尼克尔德：(15世纪) 意大利商人及旅行家，他写有关于自己在南亚30年探险生活的生动记述〔Bellingshausen〕Russian naval officer and explorer who led an expedition that circumnavigated Antarctica (1819-1821).别林斯高晋，费边·戈特利布·冯：(1778-1852) 俄国海军军官和探险者，1819-1821年在其率领下进行了环航南极洲的探险〔Bennett〕American journalist and publisher who founded and edited (1835-1867) theNew York Herald. His son James Gordon Bennett (1841-1918) succeeded him as editor (1867), founded the Paris edition of the Herald, and funded expeditions and sporting events. 贝内特，詹姆斯·戈登：(1795-1872) 美国记者和出版商，1835至1867年创立和编辑《纽约先锋报》 。其子 詹姆斯·戈登·贝内特 （1841-1918年）接替其父继任编辑（1867年），创立 《先锋报》 的巴黎版，并为探险及体育活动提供资金 〔MacMillan〕American explorer noted for his use of aircraft in several Arctic explorations between 1913 and 1937.麦克米兰，唐纳德·巴克斯特：(1874-1970) 美国探险家，以其乘飞机在1913到1937年间数次北极探险而闻名〔gorilla〕Two traditions of exploration come together in the history of the wordgorilla, which also illustrates how knowledge of the classics has influenced scientific terminology.Dr. Thomas S. Savage, an American missionary to western Africa,first described the gorilla in 1847, giving it the New Latin nameTroglodytes gorilla. In doing so he was using his knowledge of Greek literature,in which there exists a fourth-centuryb.c. translation of a report written by Hanno, another visitor to western Africa. This Carthaginian navigator,who voyaged before 480b.c. , went as far as Sierra Leone in his explorations.In the Greek translation of his reporthe tells of seeingGorillai, the name of which he allegedly learned from local informantsand which he thought were members of a tribe of hairy women.In fact they were probably the same creatures that Thomas Savage described about 24 centuries later.在涉及到gorilla 这个词的历史时，传说中的两次探险可以联系在一起， 这同样也证明了古典文学对科学术语命名的影响。汤姆斯·S·萨维奇医生，到西非传教的美国传教士，在1847年第一次描述了大猩猩并给它起了个新拉丁语名字Troglodytes gorilla 。 在命名时他就用了希腊文学知识，这个命名也同样出现在一本公元前 4世纪安诺写的见闻译本里，安诺也到过西非。 这位迦太基航海家，公元前 480年之前开始出航， 在他的探险过程中，最远到达过塞拉利昂。在他写见闻的希腊译本里，他说他见到了Gorillai ， 据他自己声称他是从当地向导那儿学到这个名字的，并认为它是指多毛女人部落的成员。实际上他们可能是大约24世纪以后汤姆斯·萨奇所描述的同样的动物〔Ellsworth〕American explorer who took part in several polar expeditions, including a 1935 flight across the Antarctic, during which he claimed large tracts for the United States.埃尔斯沃斯，林肯：(1880-1951) 美国探险家，参加过几次极地探险，包括1935年的飞越南极洲，其间他宣布了大片土地为美国所有〔Roosevelt〕A river, about 644 km (400 mi) long, of northwestern Brazil. Originally known as the River of Doubt, it was renamed in honor of Theodore Roosevelt, who explored it in 1913.罗斯福河：巴西北部一条流程约644公里(400英里）的河流，该河最初名为道特河，后为纪念1913年在此探险的西奥多·罗斯福而更名〔exploration〕Arctic exploration; exploration of new theories.北极探险；新理论的探索〔Colorado〕A state of the west-central United States. It was admitted as the 38th state in 1876. First explored by the Spanish in the 16th and 17th centuries, the region was added to the United States through the Louisiana Purchase (1803) and a cession by Mexico (1848). The Colorado Territory was organized in 1861. Denver is the capital and the largest city. Population, 3,307,912.科罗拉多州：美国中西部的一个州，1876年被确认为第38个州。于16和17世纪首先被西班牙人探险发现，通过路易斯安那购买（1803年）和墨西哥的割让（1848年）而加入美国版图。科罗拉多的区划正式确立于1861年，丹佛是其首府和最大城市。人口3,307,912〔Clark〕American explorer who joined Meriwether Lewis in an expedition to the Pacific Ocean (1804-1806). Clark was responsible for the careful mapmaking en route.克拉克，威廉：(1770-1838) 美国探险家，曾参加麦瑞韦德·路易斯对太平洋的一次探险（1804-1806年）。他负责仔细标明每条道路〔capture〕tales of adventure that capture the imagination.引起想象的探险故事〔Wilkins〕Australian explorer and aviator who was the first to explore the Arctic by air (1928).威尔金斯，乔治·休伯特：(1888-1958) 澳大利亚探险家和飞行员，是驾驶飞机到北极探险的第一人(1928年）〔Gilbert〕English navigator who urged exploration for the Northwest Passage, established in Newfoundland (1583) the first English colony in North America, and was lost at sea during a homeward voyage.吉尔伯特，汉弗莱：(1539?-1583) 英国航海探险家，他促进了西北航线的探险，在纽芬兰（1583年）建立了英国在北美的第一个殖民地，一次返程航行时他在海上失踪〔Nansen〕Norwegian explorer, zoologist, and politician who led an Arctic expedition (1893-1896) and directed the League of Nations relief programs for refugees of World War I. He won the 1922 Nobel Peace Prize.南森，弗里德托夫：(1861-1930) 挪威探险家、动物学者和政治家，曾领导过北极探险(1893-1896年），并组织了民族联盟救济一战难民的工作，他获得了1922年的诺贝尔和平奖〔Henson〕American explorer who accompanied Peary on seven Arctic expeditions, including the 1909 expedition that claimed to have first reached the North Pole.汉森，马修·亚历山大：美国探险家，他曾经随皮尔里参加过七次极地远征探险，包括1909年宣称首度到达北极的探险〔Haggard〕British writer whose romantic adventure novels includeKing Solomon's Mines (1885) and She (1887). 哈格德爵士，（亨利）李德：(1856-1925) 英国作家，她写了一些浪漫的探险小说，包括《所罗门王的宝藏》 （1885年）和 《她》 （1887年） 〔Caniff〕American cartoonist noted for the adventure comic stripsTerry and the Pirates (1934-1946) and Steve Canyon (1947-1988). 卡尼夫，米尔顿·阿瑟：(1907-1988) 美国漫画家，以探险内容的连环漫画《泰利和海盗们》 （1934-1946年）和 《史迪夫·卡尼安》 （1947-1988年）而闻名 〔Beebe〕American naturalist, explorer, and author whose numerous expeditions include a record oceanic descent in a bathysphere he helped design (1934).毕比，（查尔斯）威廉：(1877-1962) 美国博物学家、探险家和作家。在他的多次探险中，他曾用一个他帮助设计的球形潜水器完成了一次创纪录的海洋下潜（1934年）〔Orczy〕Hungarian-born English writer known especially for her adventure novelThe Scarlet Pimpernel (1905). 奥特西，埃姆斯卡：(1865-1947) 生于匈牙利的英国女小说家，尤以其探险小说《深红色的紫蘩蒌》 （1905年）闻名 〔Smith〕English colonist, explorer, and writer whose maps and accounts of his explorations in Virginia and New England were invaluable to later explorers and colonists.史密斯，约翰：(1580?-1631) 英国殖民者、探险家和作家，他绘制的弗吉尼亚和新英格兰地区的地图以及关于他在该地探险的描述，对后来的探险家和殖民者有极高的价值〔imaginable〕imaginable exploits.可以想象得到的探险〔Kenyon〕British archaeologist who led the expedition that is credited with determining the accurate date and location of the walls of Jericho.凯恩，凯斯琳·玛丽：(1906-1978) 英国考古学家，领导了因确定耶利哥城墙的确切时期和地点而闻名的探险〔Defoe〕British writer whose most famous novel,Robinson Crusoe (1719), was inspired by the exploits of a Scottish sailor and castaway, Alexander Selkirk. He also wrote Moll Flanders and A Journal of the Plague Year (both 1722). 笛福，丹尼尔：(1660-1731) 英国作家，其著名的小说为《鲁滨逊飘流记》 （1719年），由一个叫亚历山大·塞尔科克的苏格兰海员在荒岛上的探险经历激发灵感创作而成。他还著有 《摩尔佛兰德》 和 《疫年记事》 （都作于1722年） |
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