| 单词 | 接受 |
| 释义 | 〔parting〕Given, received, or done on departing or separating:临别的：在离别或分开时给与的，接受的或做的：〔catechumen〕One who is being instructed in a subject at an elementary level.初学者：某一学科中接受初级水平教育的人〔Negro〕"Discrimination is a hellhound that gnaws at Negroes in every waking moment of their lives to remind them that the lie of their inferiority is accepted as truth in the society dominating them"(Martin Luther King, Jr.)See Usage Note at black “歧视是地狱之犬，在黑人们醒来后的每时每刻它都在向他们狂吠，提醒他们在这个统治着他们的社会里，他们地位卑下的谎言却被当作真理来接受”(小马丁·路德·金) 参见 black〔credence〕Acceptance as true or valid; belief.See Synonyms at belief 接受为真实或有效；信任 参见 belief〔disestablish〕To alter the status of (something established by authority or general acceptance).废除，废止：改变（由政府当局所制定的或被公众广为接受的事物）的状态〔celebrant〕Strictly speaking,celebrant should be reserved for an official participant in a religious ceremony or rite. In an earlier survey, however,a majority of the Usage Panel accepted the use ofcelebrant to mean "a participant in a celebration" (as inNew Year's Eve celebrants ). In this more general sense,celebrator is an undisputed alternative. 严格地说，celebrant 应该仅用来指宗教庆典或仪式的正式参与者。 但在较早的调查中，用法专题使用小组的大多数成员接受了celebrant 的用法， 意指“庆祝活动的参与者”，（如参加新年晚会庆祝的人 ）。 在这个较为广泛的意义上，celebrator 毫无争议地可与其替换使用 〔graduation〕Conferral or receipt of an academic degree or diploma marking completion of studies.毕业：对学位或毕业证书的授予或接受，其标志着学习的结束〔recipient〕One that receives or is receptive.接受者，接受器：接受或容易接受的人或物〔isohel〕A line drawn on a map connecting points that receive equal amounts of sunlight.等日照线：地图上连结接受相同数量日照的各点的一条联线〔benevolent〕The central meaning shared by these adjectives is "of, concerned with, providing, or provided by charity": 这些形容词的中心意思是：“慈善的、与之相关的、提供或接受慈善的”： 〔cabala〕from qibbēl [to receive] 源自 qibbēl [接受] 〔eat〕To receive or enjoy enthusiastically or avidly:贪婪地吸收，为…欢呼：极热情地接受或贪婪地享用：〔convention〕General agreement on or acceptance of certain practices or attitudes:惯例，习俗：对某种惯常做法或态度的一致同意或接受认可：〔host〕Host was used as a verb in Shakespeare's time, but this usage was long obsoletewhen the verb was reintroduced (or perhaps reinvented) in recent yearsto mean "perform the role of a host.”The usage occurs particularly in contexts relating to institutional gatherings or television and radio shows,where the person performing the role of host has not personally invited the guests to his or her own establishment (thus it would be odd to sayThis evening we are hosting a dinner party at our house for my husband's cousins from New York ). Perhaps because the verb involves a suspect extension of the traditional conception of hospitality,it initially met with critical resistance.In a 1968 surveyonly 18 percent of the Usage Panel accepted the usage in the sentenceThe Cleveland chapter will host this year's convention. Over time, however,the usage has become increasingly well establishedand appears to serve a useful purpose in describing the activities of one who performs the ceremonial or practical role of a host (in arranging a conference or entertainment, welcoming guests, and so forth).In our most recent survey53 percent of the Panelists accepted the usage in the phrasea reception hosted by the Secretary of State. The verb is less well accepted when used to describe the role of a performer who acts as a master of ceremonies for a broadcast or film,where the relation of the word to the notion of "hospitality" is stretched still further.Only 31 percent of the Panel accepted the use of the verb in the sentenceStudents have watched Sex, Drugs and AIDS, a graphic film hosted by actress Rae Dawn Chong. · The verbcohost has likewise become well established in its use to refer to those who collaborate in assuming responsibility for an occasion. Fifty-eight percent of the Usage Panel accepted this use in the sentenceThe Department of Architecture and the Department of History will be cohosting a reception for conference participants. Host 一词在莎士比亚时代用作动词， 但自那时起这一用法很长时间不用了，直到近年来又被重新起用（或者可能重新创造），用来表示“担当主人的角色”。这一用法尤其在学术聚会或电视、电台节目的情况下使用，在这些情况下，身为主人的人并没有以私人身份邀请客人去到他或她自己的家中，（这样的话，如果我们说今天晚上我们将在家中为我丈夫来自纽约的表兄妹‘主办’一个晚餐会 就会觉得有点别扭）。 也许是因为有人认为这一动词用法会扩大传统的“好客”概念，所以一开始它就遭到了批评性抑制。在1968年的一次调查中，用法专题使用小组中18%的成员在如下句子中的用法，即克利夫兰分会将主办本年度的大会。 但是，随着时间的推移，这一用法已逐渐被接受，并在描绘一个担当司仪或具体的主人任务（例如安排会议或娱乐活动，欢迎客人等等）时起到了很好的作用。在我们最近一次的调查中，用法专题使用小组中的53%的成员接受了短语由国务卿出面举办的招待会 中"host"一词的用法。 但当这一动词用法用来描绘作为广播节目或电影节目的主持人的主持工作时，人们就不太接受其用法，因为这样用，这个词与“好客”这一概念的关系就更松了。只有31%的用法专题使用小组成员接受host在句子学生们观摩了 由 演员雷·唐·宗主持解说的纪录片 ‘性、毒品与艾滋病’”中的动词用法。 同样，用来表示分工合作共同举办某一活动的动词cohost 也已被普遍接受。 58%的用法专题使用小组成员接受这一动词在如下句子中的用法：建筑系和历史系将共同为与会者举办一次招待会 〔encyclopedia〕The wordencyclopedia, which to us usually means a large set of books, descends from a phrase that involved coming to grips with the contents of such books.The Greek phrase isenkuklios paideia, made up of enkuklios, "cyclical, periodic, ordinary,” and paideia, "education,” and meaning "general education, literally the arts and sciences that a person should study to be liberally educated.”Copyists of Latin manuscripts took this phrase to be the Greek wordenkuklopaedia, with the same meaning, and this spurious Greek word became the New Latin wordencyclopaedia, coming into English with the sense "general course of instruction,” first recorded in 1531.In New Latin the word was chosen as the title of a reference work covering all knowledge.The first such use in English is recorded in 1644.单词encyclopedia 对我们而言通常是指一大套书， 来源于一个涉及掌握这类书内容的短语。希腊片语enkuklios paideia 是由下列两个词组成的 enkuklios “循环的，周期性，平常的”以及 paideia “教育”， 含义是“普通教育，从字面上说就是一个想接受通才教育的人所应该学习的艺术和科学知识”。拉丁文手稿的抄录者将此片语当成了带有相同词义的希腊词enkuklopaedia ， 而该谬传的希腊词又构成为新拉丁语词encyclopaedia ， 带着其“指导教育的普遍课程”之语意又进入英语，最先记载于1531年。在新拉丁语中该词被选中作为一本覆盖各科知识的参考著作的书名。在英国首次这样的用法记载于1644年〔proof〕The evidence or argument that compels the mind to accept an assertion as true.证据，证物：迫使思想接受断言为真实的证据或论辩〔slow〕They were slow to accept our invitation.他们很勉强地接受了我们的邀请〔refuse〕To indicate unwillingness to do, accept, give, or allow:拒绝：表示不愿意做、接受、给予或允许：〔recipient〕Functioning as a receiver; receptive.接受的：起收受容纳作用的；愿意接受的〔package〕A proposition or an offer composed of several items, each of which must be accepted.建议，提议：由好几项构成的建议或提议，每一条都必须接受〔pass〕To be accepted as a member of a group by denying one's own ancestry or background.冒充：为被一个团体接受为成员掩盖自己的家世或背景〔data〕But whiledata comes from a Latin plural form, the practice of treatingdata as a plural in English often does not correspond to its meaning, given an understanding of what counts as data in modern research.We know, for example, what "data on the homeless" would consist of—surveys, case histories, statistical analyses, and so forth—but it would be a vain exercise to try to sort all of these out into sets of individual facts,each of them a "datum" on the homeless. (Does a case history count as a single datum,or as a collection of them?Is a correlation between rates of homelessness and unemployment itself a datum, or is it an abstraction over a number of data?)Since scientists and researchers think of data as a singular mass entity like information,it is entirely natural that they should have come to talk about it as such and that others should defer to their practice.Sixty percent of the Usage Panel accepts the use ofdata with a singular verb and pronoun in the sentenceOnce the data is in, we can begin to analyze it. A still larger number, 77 percent, accepts the sentence 但是当data 来源于一拉丁复数形式， 在英语中把data 当作复数来对待的运用常常和它的意义不相符合， 给了我们在现代研究中算作数据事物的一种理解。例如，我们知道，“无家可归人的资料”将由调查、个人历史，数据分析等等构成——但是试着把这些都分类到一套个人事实将会是一次无用的尝试，他们中的每一个都为无家可归人的资料。 （个人历史是算作一个简单的资料，还是作为其中的一个收集?无家可归人的比率和失业之间的联系是一个资料，还是一系列资料中的一个提取？）既然科学家和研究工作者认为资料和信息一样是一个单一的团体，他们就应该这样地来谈论它并且其他的人应当服丛他们的说法，这是完全自然的，百分之六十的用法专题使用小组成员接受把data 和单数动词和代词连用， 如在句子一旦资料来了，我们就能开始分析了 中， 更大的比例，即百分之七十七的成员接受了句子 〔coexist〕"recognize and accept, as every President in the nuclear age has, that this means coexisting with the Soviet Union"(McGeorge Bundy)“如核时代每个总统所具有的，认识和接受这意味着与苏联和平共存”(麦乔治·邦迪)〔mandatary〕A person or nation receiving a mandate.受命者：接受某个委托的人或国家〔draw〕To receive on a regular basis or at a specified time:定期支领：稳定地或定期地接受：〔put〕The drama coach put her students through their paces before the first performance.这位戏剧老师要她的学生们表演前接受考查〔inherit〕To receive (property or a title, for example) from an ancestor by legal succession or will.继承：通过合法继承或遗嘱从上一辈人那里接受（例如财产或爵位）〔call〕To challenge another with a display of strength or confidence.接受挑战：接受他人挑战以示力量与自信〔compatible〕Of or relating to a television system in which color broadcasts can be received in black and white by sets incapable of color reception.黑白彩色两用的：属于或有关一种电视系统的，通过非彩色接受设置可将彩色节目接收成黑白〔accept〕To regard as proper, usual, or right:相信，接受：被认为是正当的、一般的或正确的：〔go〕To gain acceptance or approval:受欢迎：获得接受，受欢迎：〔vogue〕Popular acceptance or favor; popularity:流行，风尚，时髦：普遍的接受或喜欢；普及：〔degree〕received the Bachelor of Arts degree at commencement.在毕业典礼上接受文学学士学位〔ironic〕though some Panelists noted that this particular usage might be acceptable if Susie had in fact moved to California in order to find a husband,in which case the story could be taken as exemplifying the folly of supposing that we can know what fate has in store for us).By contrast,73 percent accepted the sentence 虽然一些成员注意到如果苏茜搬到加利福尼亚的目的确是为寻找一位丈夫的话，那么这一句的用法还是可以接受的，因为这个故事可视为代表了这样一种愚行，认为我们能够知道命运为我们保留着什么）。与此形成对照的是，百分之七十三的成员接受了下面这句话 〔dedicatee〕One to whom something, such as a literary work, is dedicated.受奉献者；被题献者：接受题词的人，如一部文学作品的〔school〕The children were put to school at home. What do you plan to do when you finish school?儿童在家接受学校教育。你完成学校教育后打算干什么?〔permatemp〕A person who works on a long-term basis without being treated as a permanent employee, especially one who agrees to a series of temporary contracts lacking the benefits of permanent employees.长期临时员工：长期工作却无固定员工福利的雇员，尤其是指接受数个临时聘约而缺乏固定员工福利的人员〔religion〕To accept a higher power as a controlling influence for the good in one's life.更加认真：为了生活中的好处而接受一个更高的力量作为控制性的影响〔contact〕In 1966 Wilson Follett wrotethat "Persons old enough to have been repelled by the verbcontact . . . may as well make up their minds that there is no way to arrest or reverse the tide of its popularity.” His prophecy is proving correct:In 1969 only 34 percent of the Usage Panel accepted the use ofcontact as a verb, but in our most recent survey 65 percent of the Panel accepted the sentence 1966年威尔森·福莱特写道：“对contact 这个动词素有反感的年长者还不如趁早接受这一无法阻拦或逆转它日渐通用的趋势这个事实”。 他的预言证明是正确的，在1969年用法专题使用小组成员中只有34％的人接受将contact 作为动词的用法， 但在我们最近的调查中65％的用法小组成员接受以下句子： 〔triumph〕To receive honors upon return from a victory in ancient Rome. Used of a general.接受胜利荣誉：接受胜利的荣誉，尤指在古代罗马凯旋归来。用于作战的将军 |
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