| 单词 | 收获 |
| 释义 | 〔booty〕A valuable prize, award, or gain.奖励：一个有价值的奖励、奖品或收获〔Kwanza〕Possibly from Swahili kwanzaa [first fruit of the harvest] 可能源自 斯瓦里希语 kwanzaa [收获的第一批果实] 〔manna〕A sweet granular substance excreted on the leaves of plants by certain insects, especially aphids, and often harvested by ants.某些昆虫，特别是蚜虫排泄在植物叶子上的发甜的粒状物质，经常被蚂蚁收获〔lucre〕When William Tyndale translatedaiskhron kerdos, "shameful gain" (Titus 1:11), as filthy lucre in his edition of the Bible, he was tarring the wordlucre for the rest of its existence. But we cannot lay the pejorative sense oflucre completely at Tyndale's door. He was merely a link,albeit a strong one,in a process that had begun long before with respect to the ancestor of our word,the Latin wordlucrum, "material gain, profit.” This process was probably controlled by the inevitable conjunction of profit, especially monetary profit, with evils such as greed.In Latinlucrum also meant "avarice,” and in Middle Englishlucre, besides meaning "monetary gain, profit,” meant "illicit gain.”Furthermore, many of the contexts in which the neutral sense of the word appeared were not that neutral,as in "It is a wofull thyng . . . ffor lucre of goode . . . A man to fals his othe [it is a sad thing for a man to betray his oath for monetary gain].”Tyndale thus merely helped the process along when he gave us the phrasefilthy lucre. 当威廉·廷代尔在他的《圣经》版本里把aiskhon kerdos （“可耻的收获”）翻译成 filthy lucre 时， 他就把lucre 这个词当作贬义了， 这个词以后也就这样解释了。但是我们不能把lucre 这个词的贬义全部归于廷代尔名下。 他只是整个过程的一个环节，尽管是个有力的环节，这个过程早在我们这个词的祖先，拉丁字lucrum （意为“物质获得，利润”）就开始了。 这个过程很可能与带有类似贪婪这样的罪恶利润，尤其是钱财利润不可避免地联系在一起。在拉丁文里，lucrum 也有“贪婪”的意思。 在中世纪英语中，lucre 除了有“钱财收入，利润”的意思之外， 还意味着“不正当的所得”。更进一步说，即使这个词意思是中性的，但上下文却不是那么的中性，比如“一个人为了钱财背弃自己的誓言。”廷代尔在给我们短语filthy lucre 时，仅仅有助于把这个过程延续下来 〔reap〕harvested rich rewards. 收获丰富的报酬 〔agroforestry〕A system of land use in which harvestable trees or shrubs are grown among or around crops or on pastureland, as a means of preserving or enhancing the productivity of the land.农业森林学：土地使用的方法，为保护或增强土地的生产力在农作物之间、围绕农作物或在牧场上种植一些能够收获的树木或灌木〔picked〕Gathered, harvested, or plucked:采摘的；收获的；采摘过的：〔winter〕Winter, spring, summer, fall.It is not too difficult to see how the season namesspring and fall came into being, but without some background information it is impossible to tell what the origins of the wordswinter and summer are. Summer goes back to the Indo-European root .sem-, meaning "summer.” From a suffixed form of this root came the prehistoric Common Germanic word.sumaraz, the ancestor of Old Englishsumor and its descendant, Modern English summer. This is the only Indo-European root referring to a season that has survived in an English name for a season.Of the other three,.wesr-, "spring,” has produced words such as vernal; ghyem-, "winter,” has given us words such as hibernate; andesen-, "harvest, fall,” has yielded earn ( from the prehistoric Common Germanic word.aznōn, "to do harvest work, serve"). Winter does, however, go back to the Indo-European root wed-, "water, wet.” From the formwe-n-d- of this root with the nasal infix -n- was derived the Germanic word .wintruz, with the underlying meaning "wet season" and the literal meaning "winter.”The Germanic word is the source of Old Englishwinter, the ancestor of Modern English winter. 冬，春，夏，秋。说出季节名spring 和 fall 的来历不是很难， 但如果没有一些背景知识，不可能知道winter 和 summer 的词源。 Summer 可追溯到印欧语中的词根 sem- ，意思是“夏天”。 给这个词根加后缀后又转化为史前的普通日尔曼词sumaraz， 这是古英语中sumor 的前身，由此又发展来现代英语中的 summer。 这是印欧语中表季节的词根在英语中作为季节名保留下来的唯一一个。另外三个wesr- “春”产生了象 vernal这类的词； ghyem-“冬”又给了我们单词 hibernate； esen- “收获，秋天”衍生出 earn ( 从史前的普通日尔曼词aznon “做收获的工作，服务”而来）。 然而winter 得追溯到印欧词根 wed- “水，湿的”。 由这个词根的we-n-d 形式和鼻音中缀 -n- 衍生出日尔曼语词 wintruz， 其隐含的意思是“湿润的季节”和字面意义“冬天”。这个日尔曼词是古英语中winter 的前身，也是现代英语 winter 的前身 〔Lammas〕A feast formerly celebrated in England, during which bread from the season's first wheat was consecrated at Mass in thanksgiving for the harvest.收获节：一种旧时在英格兰庆祝的节日，用该季节中收获的首批小麦制成的面包在为丰收感恩祈祷的弥撒中作为祭品献祭〔score〕The act of securing an advantage, especially a surprising or significant gain:获得：获得优势的行为，特别指令人惊奇或重大的收获：〔busy〕The raspberries were harvested by industrious workers.辛勤的劳动者收获了山莓。〔fresh〕Recently made, produced, or harvested; not stale or spoiled:刚做的：新做的、刚生产的或收获的；非陈旧的或非腐烂的：〔duty〕The total volume of water required to irrigate a given area in order to cultivate a specific crop until harvest.灌溉率：用来灌溉指定地区特定农作物从栽培到收获时期内的用水总量〔gather〕To harvest or pick:采集，采收：收获或采摘：〔millet〕An annual grass(Panicum milaiceum) cultivated in Eurasia for its grains and in North America for hay. 黍，稷，粟：在欧亚广泛栽培以收获其谷物，在北美洲种植以获取桔杆的一年生植物（稷 稷属） 〔harvest〕Often used to modify another noun:收获的：通常用来修饰另外一个名词：〔reap〕To cut or harvest grain or pulse.收割，收获：收割或收获谷物或豆类植物〔expectation〕expectations Prospects, especially of success or gain. expectations 希望，期望：期望中的事，尤指成功或收获〔gain〕From Middle English gayne [booty] from Old French gaigne, gain [gain] from gaaignier [to gain] [of Germanic origin] 源自 中古英语 gayne [战利品] 源自 古法语 gaigne, gain [收获] 源自 gaaignier [获得] [源于日耳曼语的] 〔reap〕To cut (grain or pulse) for harvest with a scythe, sickle, or reaper.收割：用镰刀或收割机来切割（谷物或类植物）以进行收获〔Demeter〕The goddess of the harvest, daughter of Rhea and Cronus and mother of Persephone.得墨忒耳：主管收获的女神，是瑞亚和克罗诺斯的女儿，珀尔塞福涅的母亲〔omer〕An offering of a sheaf or an omer of the first harvest of barley to a priest in the Temple on the second day of Passover.敬献的一捆大麦：逾越节后的第二天向庙中神职人员敬献的一捆大麦或第一次收获的大麦的一欧麦〔score〕"They . . . score in places like the bond market"(Mike Barnicle)“他们…在债券市场中有极大的收获”(麦克·巴尼克尔)〔expect〕"We should not expect something for nothing—but we all do and call it Hope" (Edgar W. Howe).“我们不应期待收获而不付出--相反我们应去做并称之为希望” （埃德加· W·何奥）。〔coriander〕An aromatic annual Eurasian herb(Coriandrum sativum) in the parsley family, having parsleylike leaves and umbels of tiny white to pinkish flowers. It is cultivated for its edible fruits, leafy shoots, and roots. 芫荽：一种一年生的欧亚芳香型草本植物（芫荽属 芫荽） ，属伞形科，有伞形叶片，小的介于白与淡粉红色的伞状花序。种植它为了收获其可食性果实，叶芽和根 〔share〕"Share my harvest and my home" (Thomas Hood). “分享我的收获和我的家庭” （托马斯·胡德）。 〔pick〕To gather in; harvest:在…中聚集；收获：〔dividend〕An unexpected gain, benefit, or advantage.意外之财，利益：意外的收获、利益或好处〔strike〕A sudden achievement or valuable discovery, as of a precious mineral.发现：突然收获或有价值的发现，如珍稀的矿石等〔score〕To achieve a purpose or advantage, especially to make a surprising gain or coup:收获：实现目标或者取得优势，尤指取得令人惊奇的成果或成绩：〔cotton〕Any of various shrubby plants of the genusGossypium, having showy flowers and grown for the soft, white, downy fibers surrounding oil-rich seeds. 棉花，草棉，木棉：多种棉属 的灌木植物，花绚丽，种植为了收获其富油的种子周围的柔软、白色绒羽状纤维 〔inning〕Middle English innynge [a getting in] 中古英语 innynge [收获] 〔pan〕To yield gold as a result of washing in a pan.在淘洗中收获金子 |
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