单词 | 教育家 |
释义 | 〔Palmer〕American scholar and educator. Among his works areThe Field of Ethics (1901) and The Autobiography of a Philosopher (1930). 帕尔默,乔治·赫伯特:(1842-1933) 美国学者和教育家。其著作有《伦理学领域》 (1901年)和 《一位哲学家的自传》 (1930年) 〔Alcott〕American educator and transcendentalist philosopher who maintained that learning should be based on pleasure and imagination instead of discipline.阿尔科特,阿莫斯·布朗森:(1799-1888) 美国教育家及先验论哲学家,坚持认为学习应建立在乐趣及想象力之上而非原则之上〔Adler〕American philosopher and educator whose numerous published works includeHow to Read a Book (1940) and The Conditions of Philosophy (1965). 阿德勒,莫蒂默·杰罗姆:(生于 1902) 美国哲学家及教育家,其大量已出版的作品包括《如何阅读一本书》 (1940年)以及 《哲学的条件》 (1965年) 〔Montessori〕Italian physician and pioneer educator who proposed a method of teaching young children that stresses the development of initiative and natural abilities.蒙台梭利,玛丽亚:(1870-1952) 意大利医师和教育家先驱,提出了强调发展儿童潜能的教育方法〔educationist〕A specialist in the theory of education.教育家:教育理论方面的专家〔Young〕American educator who was superintendent of Chicago public schools (1909-1915) and president of the National Education Association (1910-1915).扬,埃拉·弗拉格:(1845-1918) 美国教育家,曾任芝加哥公立学校的校长(1909—1915年)和全国教育协会的主席(1910—1915年)〔Everett〕American clergyman, orator, educator, and diplomat whose many offices included U.S. representative from Massachusetts (1825-1835), minister to Great Britain (1841-1845), and secretary of state (1852-1853).埃弗雷特,爱德华:(1794-1865) 美国牧师、演说家、教育家和外交家,他曾任职的职务包括来自马萨诸塞州的众议员(1825-1835年)、驻英国的公使(1841-1845年)和美国国务卿(1852-1853年)〔Perry〕American philosopher and educator. Among his works areThe New Realism (1912) and Thought and Character of William James (1935), for which he won a Pulitzer Prize. 佩里,拉尔夫·巴顿:(1876-1957) 美国哲学家和教育家。他的著作有《新实在论》 (1912年)和 《威廉·詹姆士的思想和特性》 (1935年),此书使他荣获普利策奖 〔Adler〕German-born American educator and reformer who founded the Society for Ethical Culture (1876), an organization dedicated to the teaching and application of ethical ideals.阿德勒,费利克斯:(1851-1933) 德裔美国教育家及改革家,创建了伦理文化社(1876年)--一个以伦理观念的教育及应用为目的的组织〔Ogden〕British psychologist and educator who designed Basic English, a simplified form of English made up of 850 words.奥格登,查尔斯·凯:(1889-1957) 英国心理学家和教育家,设计了基础英语-由850个词组成的简化英语形式〔Osler〕Canadian-born British physician and educator who was known as the most brilliant teacher of medicine in his time. HisPrinciples and Practices of Medicine (1892) was an influential textbook. 奥斯勒,威廉:(1849-1919) 加拿大裔的英国医师、教育家,是其所处时代最为出色的医学教师。他创作的《医学原理和实践》 (1892年)是一本影响深远的教科书 〔Ticknor〕American educator and historian. A professor at Harvard (1819-1835), he greatly improved the teaching of modern languages.蒂克纳,乔治:(1791-1871) 美国教育家和历史学家,曾在哈佛大学担任教授(1819-1835年),他大大地改进了现代语言的教学〔quiz〕Although we do not know the origin of the wordquiz, just as we may not know the answers to all the questions on a quiz,we can say that its first recorded sense has to do with people,not tests.The term, first recorded in 1782,meant "an odd or eccentric person.”From the noun in this sense came a verbmeaning "to make sport or fun of" and "to regard mockingly.”In English dialects and probably in American Englishthe verbquiz acquired senses relating to interrogation and questioning. This presumably occurredbecausequiz was associated with question, inquisitive, or perhaps the English dialect verb quiset, "to question" (probably itself short for obsoleteinquisite, "to investigate"). From this new area of meaning came the noun and verb senses all too familiar to students.The second recorded instance of the noun sense occurs in the writings of no less an educator than William James,who in a December 26, 1867, letter proffers the hopethat "perhaps giving ‘quizzes’ in anatomy and physiology . . . may help along.”虽然我们不知道quiz 这个词的来源, 正象我们可能并不清楚测试中所有问题的答案一样,但我们可以肯定的是这个词最初被记录时的意义与人有关,而不是测试,这个词第一次被记录下来是在1782年,意思为“一个古怪或行为怪诞的人”。从这种意义的名词派生出一个动词,意思为“嘲笑或戏弄…”和“以嘲讽的态度对待”。在英语并且很可能是在美国英语中,quiz 这个动词形成了有关审问或提问的意思, 据猜测,这一现象的发生是因为quiz 使人联想起 question , inquisitive 或者可能 quiset 这个英国方言中的动词, 意思为“提问”(很可能是inquisite 这个过时用语的缩写形式,意思为“调查”)。 从这个意思中派生出学生们再熟悉不 过的名词和动词意思。记录下这个名词意义的第二个例子恰好出现在教育家威廉·詹姆斯的笔下。在1867年12月26日写的一封信中,他提出一条希望:或许在解剖学和物理学方面进行测试…可能有些独特的帮助。”〔Sparks〕American historian and educator who was editor of theNorth American Review (1823-1829) and president of Harvard University (1849-1853). 斯帕克斯,贾雷德:(1789-1866) 美国历史学家和教育家,曾任《北美评论》 的编辑(1823-1829年)和哈佛大学校长(1849-1853年) 〔Agassiz〕American educator who helped organize the predecessor of Radcliffe College (1879) and served as Radcliffe's first president (1894-1899).阿加西,伊丽莎白·卡伯特·卡里:(1822-1907) 美国教育家,帮助组建拉德克利夫学院的前身(1879年)并担任该院的首任校长(1894-1899年)〔Gardiner〕British historian, educator, and editor known for hisHistory of England from the Accession of James I to the Restoration (10 volumes, 1863-1882). 加德纳,塞缪尔·罗森:(1829-1902) 英国历史学家、教育家、编辑,因其《从詹姆斯一世即位其到内战爆发时期的英国历史》 而闻名(共10卷,1863-1882年) 〔Hayakawa〕Canadian-born American philologist, educator, and legislator. Noted for his writings on general semantics, such asLanguage in Action (1941), he was also president of San Francisco State College (1968-1973) and a U.S. senator from California (1977-1983). 早川,塞(缪尔)·伊奇耶:(1906-1992) 出生于加拿大的美国哲学家、教育家和议员,以其普通语义学著作而闻名,如《语言在行动》 (1941年),也曾任旧金山立大学校长(1968-1973年)及加利福尼亚州参议员(1977-1983年) 〔Thomas〕American educator. A founder of Bryn Mawr College (1885), she also campaigned for woman's suffrage.托马斯,马莎·凯里:(1857-1935) 美国教育家,是拜恩马尔学院(1885年)的创建人并从事过女权运动〔Locke〕American educator and writer who was a leader of the Harlem Renaissance. His works includeFour Negro Poets (1927) and Negro Art: Past and Present (1936). 洛克,阿兰·莱罗伊:(1886-1954) 美国教育家和作家,哈莱姆复兴运动的领导人。他的作品包括《四名黑人诗人》 (1927年)和 《黑人艺术:过去和现在》 1936 〔Beecher〕American cleric. A fiery preacher, moderate Calvinist theologian, and resolute abolitionist, he was the father ofCatharine Esther Beecher (1800-1878), who promoted equal educational opportunities for women; Edward Beecher (1803-1895), a clergyman and educator noted for his abolitionist views and writings; and Henry Ward Beecher (1813-1887), a clergyman and newspaper editor famous for his abolitionist orations. Harriet Beecher Stowe was another of Lyman's children. 比彻尔,吕曼:(1775-1863) 美国牧师,热情的传道士、不激进的加尔文派神学家和坚定的废奴主义者。他的四个子女,凯瑟琳·埃丝特·比彻尔 (1800-1878年),她倡导了向妇女提供平等的受教育机会; 爱德华·比彻尔 (1803-1895年),牧师和教育家,以其废奴主义观点和著作而闻名; 亨利·沃德·比彻尔 (1813-1887年),牧师和报刊编辑,以其废奴主义演讲而著名。哈里特·比彻尔·斯托是莱曼的另一个孩子 〔Hopkins〕American educator and theologian who was president of Williams College from 1836 to 1872.霍普金斯,马可:(1802-1887) 美国教育家和神学家,他从1836年至1872年担任威廉姆斯学院院长〔Herbart〕German philosopher and educator. A founder of modern scientific pedagogy, he argued that a teacher instills knowledge in a student by relating the knowledge to the student's existing ideas and interests.赫巴特,约翰·弗里德里希:(1776-1841) 德国哲学家、教育家。作为现代科学教育学的创建者,他认为老师应该通过沟通学生已有的观点和兴趣,向学生逐步灌输知识〔Pitkin〕American journalist and educator who wrote the popularLife Begins at Forty (1932). 比德金,沃尔特·布劳顿:(1878-1953) 美国记者和教育家,写过流行的《生活起于四十岁》 (1932年) 〔Bates〕American educator and writer best known for her poem "America the Beautiful,” written in 1893 and revised in 1904 and 1911.贝茨,凯瑟琳·李:(1859-1929) 美国教育家、作家,尤以她的那首“美丽的阿美利加(美国)”的诗歌最为著名,写于1893年,1904年和1911年两次修改〔Palmer〕American educator who was president of Wellesley College (1882-1888) and dean of women at the University of Chicago (1892-1895).帕尔默,艾丽斯·埃尔维拉·弗里曼:(1855-1902) 美国教育家,曾任韦尔斯利大学校长(1882-1888年)和芝加哥大学妇女会长(1892-1895年)〔Rush〕American physician, politician, and educator. A signer of the Declaration of Independence, he promoted the abolition of slavery and the humane treatment of the mentally handicapped.拉什,本杰明:(1745-1813) 美国医生、政治家和教育家,是独立宣言的签署者,促进了奴隶制度的消灭和以人道主义态度对待脑力残疾者〔Dix〕American philanthropist, reformer, and educator who was a pioneer in the movement for specialized treatment of the mentally ill.迪克斯,多罗西雅·林德:(1802-1887) 美国慈善家、改革家和教育家,是专门救治精神病人运动的先驱〔Cross〕American politician and educator who was editor of theYale Review (1911-1940) and governor of Connecticut (1931-1939). 克罗斯,威尔伯·卢西乌斯:(1862-1948) 美国政治家和教育家,他是《耶鲁评论》 的编辑(1911-1940年),又是康涅狄格州的州长(1931-1939年) 〔Dwight〕American clergyman, author, and educator who was a leading supporter of Federalism and served as president of Yale University (1795-1817). His grandsonTimothy (1828-1916) was also president of Yale (1886-1899). 德怀特,提摩太:(1752-1817) 美国神职人员、作家和教育家,联邦制的主要支持者,曾任耶鲁大学校长(1795-1817年)。他的祖父德姆西 (1828-1916年)也曾担任过耶鲁校长(1886-1899年) 〔Barnard〕American educator and advocate of higher educational opportunities for women. He was the president of Columbia University from 1864 to 1889. Barnard College is named in his honor.巴纳德,弗雷德里克·奥古斯都·波特:(1809-1889) 美国教育家,倡导妇女应享有接受高等教育的机会。从1864到1889年,是哥伦比亚大学的校长。巴纳德学院为纪念他而命名〔Lowes〕American educator and literary critic who wroteConvention and Revolt in Poetry (1919) and The Road to Xanadu (1927). 罗兹,约翰·利文斯顿:(1867-1945) 美国教育家和文学批评家。他写过《诗歌的传统与叛逆》 (1919年)和 《通往人间天堂之路》 (1927年) 〔Carnegie〕American educator known for his self-improvement bookHow to Win Friends and Influence People (1936). 卡内基,戴尔:(1888-1955) 美国教育家,因著有一本自我修养的书《如何赢得朋友及影响人民》 (1936年)而闻名 〔Lowell〕American educator and president (1909-1933) of Harvard University. He wroteEssays on Government (1889) and Conflicts of Principle (1932). 洛威尔,艾博特·劳伦斯:(1856-1943) 美国教育家,担任过哈佛大学校长(1909-1933年)他写过《政府论》 (1889年)和 《原则的冲突》 (1932年) 〔Mitchell〕American astronomer and educator noted for her study of sunspots and nebulae and for the discovery of a comet (1847). She was the first woman elected to the Academy of Arts and Sciences (1848).米切尔,玛丽亚:(1818-1889) 美国天文学家和教育家,以其对黑子及星云的研究和(1847年)发现了一颗彗星而闻名,她是第一位被选入艺术及科学名人的女性(1848年)〔Johnson〕American writer and educator who was a founder and secretary (1916-1930) of the NAACP. His books includeThe Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (1912). 约翰逊,詹姆斯·韦尔顿:(1871-1938) 美国作家、教育家,他创建了美国有色人种协进会并任理事(1916-1930年)。他的著作包括《一个曾被叫做有色人种的自传》 (1912年) 〔Adler〕American religious leader and educator who was president of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America (1924-1940) and edited scholarly works concerning Judaism.阿德勒,赛勒斯:(1863-1940) 美国宗教领袖及教育家,美国犹太神学院的校长(1924-1940年),编辑过有关犹太教的学术著作〔Butler〕American educator who advocated peace through education. He shared the 1931 Nobel Peace Prize.巴特勒,尼古拉·默里:(1862-1947) 美国教育家。他通过教育来促进和平并获1931年诺贝尔和平奖〔Blanding〕American educator and president of Vassar College (1946-1964).布兰丁,撒拉·吉布森:(1898-1985) 美国教育家和瓦瑟学院校长(1946-1964年)〔Arnold〕British educator and historian who as headmaster of Rugby School (1827-1842) introduced classes in mathematics, modern languages, and modern history into the classical curriculum.阿诺德,托马斯:(1795-1842) 英国教育家和历史学家,在他担任卢格比公学校长(1827-1842年)时,在文科课程中引进了数学,现代语言和现代历史课程〔Eliot〕American educator and editor who was president of Harvard University (1869-1909) and edited theHarvard Classics (1909-1910), a 50-volume selection of world literature. 埃利奥特,查尔斯·威廉:(1834-1926) 美国教育家和编辑,曾任哈佛大学校长(1869-1909年)并且编辑了一部世界文学的五十卷选集《哈佛古典作品》 (1909-1910年) |
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