| 单词 | 斗牛 |
| 释义 | 〔faena〕The series of final passes performed by a matador preparatory to killing a bull in a bullfight.最后几次刺杀：斗牛士在斗牛过程中杀死斗牛前所做的最后关头的系列动作〔banderillero〕One who implants decorated barbed darts into the bull's neck or shoulder muscles during a bullfight.斗牛士助手：斗牛中用带有倒钩和装饰的短枪刺入公牛脖子或肩膀肌肉的斗牛士〔paseo〕In bullfighting, the formal procession into the ring of the players, including the matadors, banderilleros, and horses, that occurs just before the first bull is fought.斗牛的入场式：斗牛中进入包括斗牛士，戳短矛入牛颈的人及马在内的表演队列的一种正规的仪式，在第一场斗牛之前进行〔toreador〕from torear [to fight bulls] 源自 torear [斗牛] 〔Belmonte〕Spanish matador who introduced modern bullfighting techniques and completed 109 corridas.贝尔蒙特，胡安：(1892-1962) 西班牙斗牛士，引进现代斗牛技术，并完成109场斗牛〔cuadrilla〕The group of assistants to the matador in a bullfight.斗牛助手：斗牛中协助斗牛士的一群人〔mastiff〕The mastiff, which was at one time used in bullbaiting and bearbaiting as well as in dogfights,is ultimately named not for its fierceness but for its tameness.To find this tamenesswe must look back to the ultimate source ofmastiff in the Latin word mānsuētus, "tame, domesticated,” itself derived from the past participle ofmanusuēscere, "to tame,” made up of the rootman- found in the wordmanus, "hand,” and the verb suēscere, "to become accustomed to.” Tame beasts are accustomed to the hand.To explain howmansuēscere became mastiff, we must follow it through its Vulgar Latin development,.mansuētīnus, "domesticated,” and the later Old French development, mastin, "mastiff.” While being borrowed into English,mastin was probably blended with the Old French word mestif, "mongrel,” and was possibly influenced by the Medieval Latin wordmastīvus, "mastiff,” probably itself an error formastīnus, which came from the same Vulgar Latin source as the Old French word. Mastiff is first recorded in Middle English (as mastif ) in a work written before 1387. 曾经一度被用于纵狗斗牛、纵狗斗熊以及斗狗的大驯犬，最终并不是因为它的凶狠而是因为它的驯顺命名。要找到这种驯顺，我们必须回溯到mastiff 的最终拉丁语词源 mansuetus 意为“驯服，驯养”， 该词本身源于manusuescere “驯养”的过去分词， 由man- 构成， 始于manus （意为“手”）和动词 suesere “适应，习惯于”。 被驯养的野兽习惯于驯养者的手。要知道mansuecere 如何成 mastiff ， 我们必须紧跟它在俗拉丁语中的发展，mansuetinus （“驯服的”）以及后来古法语的发展 mastin “猛犬”。 当mastin 一词借用到英语中时，它可能和古法语词 mestif （“杂种狗”）相混合， 还可能受中世纪拉丁语词mastivus （“大驯犬”）的影响， 但也许这个词本身就是同样作为古法语词来源于俗拉丁语的mastinus 的误写。 Mastiff 在1387年的一部作品中首次出现在中世纪英语里（当时写作 mastif ） 〔banderilla〕A decorated barbed dart that is thrust into the bull's neck or shoulder muscles by a banderillero in a bullfight.带有倒钩的短标枪：斗牛中斗牛士的助手用于刺入公牛脖子或肩膀肌肉的短扎枪，带有倒钩和装饰〔novillada〕A bullfight in which the bulls engaged are less than four years old.轻型斗牛表演：公牛的年龄小于四岁的斗牛表演〔Arles〕A city of south-central France on the Rhone River delta. A flourishing city in Roman times, it has an arena built in the second centurya.d. that is now used for bullfights. Population, 37,571. 阿尔勒：法国中南部一城市，位于隆河三角洲。罗马帝国时期，曾是繁华城市，有一角斗场建于公元 2世纪，现用于斗牛比赛。人口37,571 〔veronica〕A maneuver in bullfighting in which the matador stands with both feet fixed in position and swings the cape slowly away from the charging bull.双足立定式：斗牛的一种动作，斗牛士双脚站在一个地方不动并舞动斗篷慢慢离开冲锋的斗牛〔bullfight〕A public spectacle, performed especially in Spain, Portugal, and parts of Latin America, in which a fighting bull is engaged in a series of traditional maneuvers culminating usually with the ceremonial execution of the bull by sword. In Portugal the bull is often fought from horseback and is not killed.斗牛：一种公众性的娱乐活动，在西班牙，葡萄牙和一些拉美国家盛行，其中斗牛要做一系列的传统表演，当进行到用剑将牛杀死的仪式时，活动达到高潮。在葡萄牙，牛总是同马背上的人相斗且不被杀死〔bullring〕A circular arena for bullfights.斗牛场：斗牛用的圆形竞技场〔picador〕A horseman in a bullfight who lances the bull's neck muscles so that it will tend to keep its head low for the subsequent stages of the fight.骑马斗牛士：斗牛的骑手，用长矛刺牛的颈部肌肉，以使其头低下来准备下一轮的战斗〔pase〕One of several usually one-handed maneuvers in bullfighting in which the matador presents and moves the cape to attract a close, passing charge of the bull.斗牛士的一种动作：斗牛中几种通常为单手的动作中的一种，斗牛士摆出和抖动披肩，将牛引到近处发起短暂的进攻 |
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