| 单词 | 斯蒂芬 |
| 释义 | 〔compleat〕"Here was the compleat modern misfit: the very air appeared to poison him; his every step looked treacherous and hard won"(Stephen Schiff)“这正是现代错位的一个典型例子：这里的环境在毒害他；他的每一步都象是跋涉但还是艰难取胜”(斯蒂芬·希夫)〔swell〕"The din in front swelled to a tremendous chorus"(Stephen Crane)“前方的噪音逐渐增强为一大片齐声的喧哗”(斯蒂芬·克兰)〔Field〕American jurist who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1863-1897).菲尔德，斯蒂芬·约翰逊：(1816-1899) 美国法律专家，1863-1897年曾任美国最高法院陪审法官〔Sondheim〕American composer and lyricist whose musicals includeGypsy (1959) and Sweeney Todd (1979). 桑德海姆，斯蒂芬：(生于 1930) 美国作曲家和歌词作者。其音乐作品包括《吉普赛》 （1959年）和 《威尼·托德》 （1979年） 〔Crane〕American writer whose works includeThe Red Badge of Courage (1895) and the short story "The Open Boat" (1898). 克雷恩，斯蒂芬：(1871-1900) 美国作家，他的作品包括有《红色英勇勋章》 （1895年）和短篇小说《海上扁舟》(1898年） 〔command〕"He commands any room he enters"(Stephen Schiff)“他可以任意支配他所进入的任何房间”(斯蒂芬·希夫)〔Long〕American railroad engineer and explorer. He led expeditions to the upper Mississippi River (1817) and the Rocky Mountains (1820).朗，斯蒂芬·哈里曼：(1784-1864) 美国铁路工程师和探险家。他曾领导到密西西比河上游（1817年）和落基山脉（1820年）的探险〔protomartyr〕The first martyr in a cause. Used especially of the first Christian martyr, Saint Stephen.第一个殉教者：一项事业的第一位殉道者，尤指基督教第一位殉道者圣斯蒂芬〔construct〕“[He] began to shift focus from the haunted constructs of terror in his early work" (Stephen Koch)“[他] 开始将注意力从他早期作品中反复出现的恐怖形象上移开” (斯蒂芬·科克)〔proud〕"All sensibly gave him wide berth, for he was a dangerous-looking man, chewing a toothpick with the arrogant sullenness of one who is willing to commit violence" (Stephen Hunter).“大家明智地给了他一个宽敞的铺位，因为他一脸凶相，带着那喜欢实施暴力人的那种傲慢而愠怒的神情，还嚼着牙签” （斯蒂芬·享特）。〔clever〕"a woman of shrewd intellect and masculine character" (Leslie Stephen). “具有精明的才智及男子气概的妇女” （莱斯利·斯蒂芬）〔simoom〕"Stephen's heart had withered up like a flower of the desert that feels the simoom coming from afar"(James Joyce)Also called samiel “斯蒂芬早已心灰意冷，就象沙漠中的花朵感受到西蒙风从远方吹来(詹姆斯·乔伊丝) 也作 samiel〔underbelly〕"the soft underbelly of the Axis"(Winston S. Churchill)"So much . . . can be learned from these and other neglected sources from the underbelly of traditional scholarship"(Stephen Jay Gould)“轴心国的薄弱部位”(温斯顿S.丘吉尔)“以传统学问薄弱部分的这些或那些资料中能够学到这么多东西”(斯蒂芬·杰·古尔德)〔parse〕"What are we missing by parsing the behavior of chimpanzees into the conventional categories recognized largely from our own behavior?”(Stephen Jay Gould)“把黑猩猩的行为分解成主要从我们自身的行为出发的常规类别来加以分析，这种方法有些什么遗漏呢?”(斯蒂芬·杰·古尔德)〔envious〕"At times he regarded the wounded soldiers in an envious way. . . . He wished that he, too, had a wound, a red badge of courage"(Stephen Crane)See Synonyms at jealous “有时侯，他竟羡慕那些受伤的士兵…他希望他也有一处伤口，一枚红色英勇勋章”(斯蒂芬·克兰) 参见 jealous〔intrapreneur〕The wordentrepreneur is more than 150 years old, having come into English from French in 1828.But it is not until very recently that we find its intracorporate counterpart,intrapreneur, meaning "a person within a large corporation who takes direct responsibility for turning an idea into a profitable finished product through assertive risk-taking and innovation.”This coinage is generally attributed to management consultant Gifford Pinchot,author of the 1985 book entitledIntrapreneuring; others insist its true originator was Norman Macrae, deputy editor of theEconomist, although Macrae himself denies it.Still, whatever its exact source,in the scant number of years since its inception the termintrapreneur has gained currency very quickly. It has also given rise to various derivatives,such as the aforementioned gerundintrapreneuring, the noun intrapreneurship (as in a September 30, 1985, interview with Stephen Jobs inNewsweek : "The Macintosh team was what is commonly known as intrapreneurship—only a few years before the term was coined—a group of people going in essence back to the garage, but in a large company"),the adjectiveintrapreneurial, and another noun, intrapreneurialism ("what has become known as intrapreneurialism, where people within the corporation acquire more adventurous small business outlooks,” by Ian Hamilton-Fazy in "An Uneasy Co-existence,”Financial Times, October 23, 1984). Broad use of a word and the development of numerous derivatives are strong signals predicting staying power within the language.Intrapreneur and its spinoffs are of particular interest to etymologists and lexicographers because they illustrate the constant changes inherent in a living language.entrepreneur 一词已有150多年的历史， 于1828年从法语传入英语。但是直到最近我们才发现其在公司内部的对应人物intrapreneur ， 意为“对通过果断地承担风险和革新使想法变为有利可图的成品这一过程承担直接责任的大公司里的高级成员”。这个新造的词普遍认为应归功于业务顾问吉福德·平肖，1985年出版的名为Intrapreneuring 一书的作者； 其他人坚持其真正的发明者是经济学家 杂志的副编辑诺曼·麦克里， 虽然麦克里本人否认这一点。然而，不管其准确的起源是什么，自它开始出现以来的短短几年中，intrapreneur 一词已很快流行开来。 它同样产生了多个衍生词，例如前面提到的动名词intrapreneuring ，名词 intrapreneurship （例如新闻周刊 于1985年9月30日斯蒂芬·乔布斯的采访中： “马金托什队通常地以出色的企业运作而闻名——仅仅是这个词条被发明的几年前——一群实质上是回到汽车房的人，而现在不过是大公司的汽车房罢了”），形容词intraprenurial 以及另一个名词 intrapreneurialim （以企业运作主义出名的地方，在那儿公司内部的职员获得更为冒险的商业前景”，伊恩·汉密尔顿一费茨的“不稳定的共存”，金融时报 1984年10月23日出版）。 一个词的广泛运用以及无数派生词的产生是预示语言内部持久力的强烈的信号。词源学家以及词典编纂者对intrpreneur 以及它的派生词产生了独特的兴趣， 因为它们说明现用语言所固有的持续不断的变化〔large〕"a rigid resistance to the large emotions"(Stephen Koch)“严格地抑制强烈的感情”(斯蒂芬·科克)〔Stevenage〕An urban district of southeast England north of London. It was the first new town to be designated under a parliamentary act of 1946 to decentralize population and industry. Population, 74,500.斯蒂芬艾治：英格兰东南部一个城区，位于伦敦北部，是根据1946年议会分散人口和工业密集法案所设计的第一个城镇。人口74,500〔Foster〕American songwriter whose popular works, such as "Oh! Susannah" (1848) and "Old Folks at Home" (1851), reflect the sentiment of pre-Civil War America.福斯特，斯蒂芬·科林斯：(1826-1864) 美国作曲家，他的一些流行作品如《哦，苏珊娜!》（1848年）和《家园故老》(1851年）都反映了内战前美国人的情绪〔Babcock〕American agricultural chemist who developed the Babcock test for determining the fat content of milk.巴布科克，斯蒂芬·穆尔顿：(1843-1931) 美国农业化学家，他发现了测定牛奶含脂量的巴布科克试验〔Girard〕French-born American financier and philanthropist who bought out the Bank of the United States (1812) and helped finance the War of 1812.吉拉德，斯蒂芬：(1750-1831) 法国裔美国财政专家和慈善家，他建立了美国银行(1812年）并为1812年的战争筹集资金〔scrofulous〕"a scrofulous, grim, darkly funny burlesque on art, celebrity, and love"(Stephen Schiff)“关于艺术、名誉和爱情的一种堕落的、可怕的、黑暗可笑的讽刺剧”(斯蒂芬·希夫)〔Cleveland〕The 22nd and 24th President of the United States (1885-1889 and 1893-1897). He was known as an honest, independent President opposed to corruption and the spoils system.克利夫兰，（斯蒂芬）格罗夫：(1837-1908) 美国第22届和第24届总统（1885-1889年及1893-1897年）。以诚实、独立的品格和反对贪污及掠夺体制而著称〔Spender〕British writer whose poetry reflects personal emotional responses to social and political injustices. His works include the collectionThe Still Center (1939) and Generous Days (1971). 斯彭德，斯蒂芬·哈罗德：(生于 1909) 英国作家，他的诗反映了他个人对于社会及政治不平等的反感情绪。他的作品包括诗集《静止的中心》 （1939年）以及 《慷慨的日子》 （1971年） 〔Leacock〕Canadian economist who is best remembered for his humorous writing, contained in volumes such asLiterary Lapses (1910) and Nonsense Novels (1911). 李科克，斯蒂芬·巴特勒：(1869-1944) 加拿大经济学家，以其幽默的笔风而留名，作品包括《文学的失误》 （1910年）和 《无聊的小说》 （1910年） 〔Daye〕See Stephen Day 参见 斯蒂芬 Day〔Woolf〕British writer whose works include fiction written in an experimental stream-of-consciousness style, such asMrs. Dalloway (1925) and To the Lighthouse (1927), and collections of essays, such as A Room of One's Own (1929). 吴尔夫，（阿德琳）弗吉尼亚（斯蒂芬）：(1882-1941) 英国作家，其作品包括以实证的意识流风格而作的小说，像《黛洛维夫人》 （1925年）和 《到灯塔去》 （1927年）和短论全集，如 《一间自己的房间》 （1929年） 〔Decatur〕American naval officer known for his heroic deeds in the Tripolitan War, the War of 1812, and skirmishes against the Barbary pirates.德凯特，斯蒂芬：(1779-1820) 美国海军军官，因在的黎波里战争、1812年战争和反击巴巴里海盗的军事行动中的表现英勇而闻名〔Langton〕English prelate who as archbishop of Canterbury (1207-1228) sided with the nobility in their struggle with King John and was a signer of the Magna Carta (1215).兰顿，斯蒂芬：(1150?-1228) 英国高级教士，担任坎特伯雷的大主教(1207-1228年）。他在与国王约翰的斗争中站在贵族阶层一边，并于1215上成为英国大宪章的签名者〔sexualize〕"the thesis that one can sexualize life completely without ever bumping into responsibility"(Stephen Koch)“一种人可以使生活彻底情欲化而不必负责的理论”(斯蒂芬·科克)〔turn〕"He thought some friend had done him an ill turn"(Stephen Crane)“他认为有个朋友对他有不利的举动”(斯蒂芬·克兰)〔feel〕"gives such disparate pictures . . . a crazily convincing documentary feel"(Stephen King)“给出这样绝望的画面…一种疯狂而又有说服力的纪实感”(斯蒂芬·金)〔bourgeoisify〕"Rock 'n' roll . . . had become cozy and bourgeoisified"(Stephen Schiff)“摇滚乐…已经变得温柔和资产阶级化了”(斯蒂芬·希夫)〔Gardiner〕English bishop who defended royal supremacy over the church during the Reformation.加德纳，斯蒂芬：(1483?-1555) 英国大主教，在改革期间曾主张皇室权力应凌驾于教会之上〔Austin〕American colonizer and political leader who worked to make Texas a state of Mexico but later helped Texas settlers gain their independence (1836).奥斯丁，斯蒂芬·富勒：(1793-1836) 美国殖民主义者及政治领导，曾臻力于使得克萨斯成为墨西哥一州的工作，但随后又帮助得克萨斯居民取得独立（于1836年）〔Hungary〕A country of central Europe. Hungary became an independent kingdom under Saint Stephen (ruled 997?-1038). It passed to the Turks after 1526 and was later divided between the Ottoman Empire and Austria, subsequently becoming part of the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary from 1867 until 1918, when it achieved independence again. A Communist regime was established in 1949 and with the aid of the U.S.S.R. suppressed a counterrevolutionary uprising in 1956. A new constitution, guaranteeing free multiparty elections, was adopted in 1989. Budapest is the capital and the largest city. Population, 10,657,000.匈牙利：中欧的一个国家。圣斯蒂芬时期(997?-1038在位）匈牙利成为独立王国。1526年被土耳其人占领，后被奥托帝国和奥地利瓜分，后来1867年至1918年成为奥匈帝国的一部分，直至1918年再次取得独立。1949年在苏联的帮助下建立了共产主义政府，1956年镇压了一起反革命暴动。1989年采用了一部新宪法，确保多党自由选举制。首都布达佩斯亦是全国最大的城市。人口10,657,000〔Wiseman〕Spanish-born British prelate and theologian. An important figure in the 19th-century English revival of Roman Catholicism, he served as archbishop of Westminster from 1850 to 1865.威斯曼，尼古拉斯·巴特里克·斯蒂芬：(1802-1865) 西班牙裔的英国高级教士和神学家。19世纪罗马天主教在英国复兴时有重要影响的人物，从1850到1865年曾任威斯敏斯特的大主教〔Day〕English-born colonist who was the first printer in New England. HisBay Psalm Book appeared in 1640. 戴，斯蒂芬：(1594?-1668) 英裔殖民主义者，他是新英格兰的第一位印刷商，他的《荣誉赞美诗书》 于1640年问世 〔Wise〕Hungarian-born American religious leader who was an ardent Zionist and founded the World Jewish Congress (1936).怀斯，斯蒂芬·塞缪尔：(1874-1949) 匈牙利裔的美国宗教领袖，激进的犹太复国主义者且是世界犹太人议会的创始人(1936年）〔dot〕"Campfires, like red, peculiar blossoms, dotted the night"(Stephen Crane)“营火象红色的、别致的花朵点缀着黑夜”(斯蒂芬·克兰) |
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