单词 | 旅行家 |
释义 | 〔Borrow〕British philologist, traveler, and writer of books based on his journeys, includingRomany Rye (1857). 博洛,乔治·亨利:(1803-1881) 英国语言学家、旅行家及作家,著有《吉普赛男人》 (1857年)等游记 〔Polo〕Venetian traveler who explored Asia from 1271 to 1295. HisTravels of Marco Polo was the only account of the Far East available to Europeans until the 17th century. 马可·波罗,马科:(1254-1324) 威尼斯旅行家,从1271年至1295年在亚洲探险。他的《马可·波罗游记》 是到17世纪为止欧洲人所能接触到的唯一一部有关远东的记录 〔Nash〕English writer noted for his witty, often invective literary criticism and forThe Unfortunate Traveller (1594), possibly the best Elizabethan narrative work. 纳什,托马斯:(1567-1601) 英国作家因他的诙谐,通常是猛烈抨击的文学评论以及《倒霉的旅行家》 (1594年)而闻名,可能是伊丽莎白时期最好的叙述作品 〔ax〕To understand the origin of the idiomax to grind, we need to know thatgrind means "to sharpen.” This phrase is said to have come from a story by the 19th-century journalist Charles Miner (alias Poor Robert) about a seemingly friendly manwho was able by flattery to persuade a young boy to turn a grindstone for him.The tale first appeared in the Luzerne, Pennsylvania,Federalist on September 7, 1810, under the title "Who'll Turn Grindstones?” and later in an 1815 book entitledEssays from the Desk of Poor Robert the Scribe. Because "Poor Robert" was confused with "Poor Richard,”the story has often been erroneously attributed to Benjamin Franklin.The idiom itself is an Americanism—a word or expression originating in the United States.It was at first restricted to political contexts,but quotations from James Joyce ("Skin-the-Goat . . . evidently with an axe to grind, was airing his grievances")and George Bernard Shaw ("distinguished statesmen of different nations . . . each with a national axe to grind") attest that the phrase has traveled abroad and,as we know only too well, is no longer found only in political contexts.为了理解成语ax to grind 的出处, 我们需要知道grind 意思是“磨尖”。 这个短语据说出自19世纪旅行家查尔斯·麦纳(别名穷罗伯特)所写的关于一个似乎很友善的人的故事,他能够奉承地劝说一名男孩为他翻过一块磨光石。这个传说第一次出现在1810年9月7日宾夕法尼亚州的卢泽恩,在1810年9月7日题为“谁将推翻磨石”的联邦制拥护者 中提到, 之后1815年又在名为作家穷·罗伯特文集 一书中提到。 因为"poor Robert和"poor Richard"易被弄混淆,这个故事经常被错误地认为是本杰明·弗兰克林创作的。这个成语本身是美国式的词或表达源于美国。一开始被限于在政治性言词的情况中使用,但是从以下的引文表明这个短语已广泛地传播,一个是引于詹姆斯·琼斯(“这个显然别有企图的披着人皮的狼,正在诉苦”),另一个引自乔治·萧伯纳(“辨认出不同国家的人…每个国家都有自己国家的打算”),正如我们所熟知的,它不会只在政治性言论的上下文间才可以找到的〔Conti〕Italian merchant and traveler who left vivid accounts of his 30-year exploration of southern Asia.笛昆蒂,尼克尔德:(15世纪) 意大利商人及旅行家,他写有关于自己在南亚30年探险生活的生动记述〔Tocqueville〕French politician, traveler, and historian. After touring the United States (1831-1832), he wroteDemocracy in America (1835), a widely influential study of American institutions. 托克维尔,亚历克西斯·查尔斯·亨利·克雷尔·德:(1805-1859) 法国政治家,旅行家和历史学家,在周游了美国(1831-1832年)之后写了《美国的民主》 一书(1835年),它是一本影响极广的研究美国体制的专著 |
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